5/23/2009 Etruscan Grammar, from "Etruscan_Phrases," texts, showing Etruscan declension patterns

Etruscan Phrases -- Grammar
Declension Tables (continued)
by Mel Copeland
(from a work published in 1981)


The following are rough declension tables of the Etruscan language, continued from Etruscan_grammar-2.html. This document is to be used in connection with "Etruscan Phrases" spreadsheets, Etruscan_Grammar.xls and Etruscan_GlossaryA.xls. Word definitions and their specific locations in the texts are in the spreadsheets. Women's names from mirrors or paintings are highlighted in blue; men's names are red. Words with question marks next to them may be verbs. Words with a "PL" number are probably nouns, found in the Picacenza Liver. Words in parentheses refer to a separate listing of the same word group in another declension.

1st Declension Examples -- Singular & Plural Names

Nominative, as =
L. -es (5th); Gr. ias

Genitive, ai =
L. ei (5th);
Gr. iou (1st); or Accusative, ai.

Dative, ie
L. ei (5th)

Accusitive,
L. em (5th)

Ablative, o =
L. e (5th)

Etr. dec 1

Etr. dec 2

Plural 1

Plural 2

OROAS
(L. aurora-ae)

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

OSINAS
(L. oscen-inis)

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

CLEFSINAS (L. adj. Clusinus)

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

CORNAS
(L. cornu)

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

CHALCHAS

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

ANCHAS

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

LINAS

x

x

x

x

x

x

LINI, LINII

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

KEPHES, CEPHES,
CEPHII

x

FIPINAS (Virbius?)

x

x

x

x

x

 x

x

x

PINAS

x

PINIE

x

xx

(PINA)

(PINE)

(PINES),
(PINI )

(PINAV)-dative

ANAS

x

x

x

x

ANA

x

ANI

x

CAUTAS

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

PIPHAS

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

PLENAS

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

TOTAS
(L. tutus-a-um)

x

x

x

TOTHIO
(L. totius)

TOTA

TOTE

TOTHI

x

RUFAS

x

x

x

x

x

 x

x

x

RAMAS

x

RAM

x

x

x

x

x

x

RAMeRAS

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

SOTANAS

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

IONAS

x

x

x

IONIO

x

IONE*

x

x

IANAS

x

IAN

x

x

IANNA

x

x

 x

MAXIMAS

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

VIKiLAS

x

x

x

x

VIKiLA

x

x

x

VALAS

x

VAL

x

x

x

x

VALES

x

AVRAS

x

x

(AVERUM)

x

AVERA

x

x

x

VIAS

x

x

x

x

(VIA)

x

x

 x

PINAS

PINES

x

PINAV

x

PINA

PINE

PINI, PINIE

INAS

x

x

x

INO

x

x

INNI

x

RISERAS

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

ROBARAS

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

STROPHGLAS

x

x

x

x

STROPHGLA, STROGLA

x

x

x

PALAS
(L. Pallas)

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

 x

ARAS

ARAI

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

CROTHAI

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

ELINAI

x

x

x

x

x

ELINEI

x

x

ARAI (L. ara?)

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

AECAI

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

RONAI

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

SIFAI

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

CRAI

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

TUAI, TFAI
(L. duo-ae-o)

x

x

TOE, TVE

TUA, TFA

TUE, TFE

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

RUCE, RFCE

x

 x

x

ARMAI (L. arma?)

x

x

x

x

x

x

x
x MIDAI (Midas?)

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

ATAI or AITA (Hades)

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

STAI

x

x

STO

STA?

STE?

x

STI?

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

 STABLI?

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

 STATI TA

x

ReNAIX

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

ERAS

ERAIA?

x

x

x

ERA

x

x

x

x

x

PARAM?

PERAEM

x

x

x

PERIAI

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

TIRAI

TIR?

x

xTIRO?

x

x

TIRI

x

x

RONAI

RON, RONS

RONEM

xRONO

RONA

RONE

RONI, RONIS

RONTO

ROTAS

x


ROT

ROTEM

xx

ROTA

ROTE

x

x

x

x

x

PERASCEM

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

PANIEM

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

ATHINEM

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

NOMEM
(L. nomem)

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

UNEM
(UNUM)

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

AKNESEM

xAKNEO

x

AKNE

AKNI *
(L. agnae)

x

x

x

x

ATHINEM
(ATHINIM)

x

x

x

x

x

MARAS

x

MAR

MAREM,

x

x

x

x

x

AIFAS (Aiuas) Ajax

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

TIMEM
(L. timens)

TIMO (Deimus?)

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

OCEM

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

POLEM

x

x

x

x

x

PHABAS (L. Phoebus, of Apollo)

x

x

x

x

x

PHABE? (see PHABIA)

x

PHABETO

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

SCRIATO

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

SUKATO (L. succutio)

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

MERITO

x

x

x

x

x

x

KARE?

x

KARETO

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

KORATO

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

KAMITO

x

x

x

x

PORTO

PORTA

x

PORTI

PORTITO

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

PIVIATO

CLOVENIAS

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

POMPERIAS

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

VAMERIAS

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

TEKEIAS

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

VENIAS

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x



2nd Declension Examples -- Singular & Plural Names

Nominative, as =
L. -us, er (2nd)

Genitive, ai =
L. i (2nd); Gr.

Dative, o,
L. o (2nd)

Accusitive, um
L. um (2nd)

Ablative,
L. o (2nd)

Etr. dec 1

Etr. dec 2

Plural 1

Plural 2

x

x

x

PATREVUM

x

x

PATRE
(L. patria-ae)

x

x

x

VIN

x

VINUM

x

VINA

x

x

 x

x

METIN

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

VOLUM
(L. volumen)

x

VINA

x

x

 x

x

RAT

RATO

RATUM, RATvM

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

PERUM

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

NATHUM

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

SCELUM

x

x

x

SCELES

x

x

SEC? or SEK?

x

SECUM

x

SECA?

x

x

x

x

(AVRAS)

x

AVERUM

x

(AVERA)

x

x

x

x

x

POPOLO

POPOLUM

x

x

x

x

x

x

TROTAN?

x

TROTUM

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

KASTRO

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

KATRO

KATRUM

x

CATRA

x

KATRES

x

x

x

x

x

x

PATRE

x

 x

x

x

KASTRO

x

x

x

x

x

 x

x

x

MALO
(L. malus)

x

x

x

x

x

 x

x

x

PEO (L. paucis, adj. few)

x

x

x

x

x

 x

x

x

 SOLO
(L. solus)

x

x

 SOLA

x

x

 x

x

x

PRO (L. pro)

x

x

x

x

x

 x

x

x

x

PESONTRUM

x

x

x

x

 x

x

x

x

CISUM

x

x

x

x

 x

x

SOR
(L. soror)?

SORO?

SORUM,
SORvM

SOROV

x

x

x

 x

x

CITLOP

CITLO

x

CITLAV, CITLOV

x

x

x

 x

x

x

MATRO

x

MATROV

MATRA

x

x

 x

x

x

x

x

x

SELVA, PL-4

x

x

 x

x

(TOR),
(TORS)

(TORO)

x

TOROV
(L. torvus?) (TOROPa)

(TORA)

(TORE)

(TORI, TORES)

 x

x

x

x

x

GlATAV

x

x

x

 x

x

x

PHTO

x

PHTAV

x

x

x

x

x

KOM?

KOMO?

x

KOMIAV

KOMA?

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

KONIKAU

x

x

x

x

x

KOTEP?

x

x

KOTEV

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

RESTvM

RESTEV

RESTA

x

x

 x

x

x

SAKREO

x

SAKREV

SAKRA?

SAKRE?

x

 x

x

SER?

SERO?

SERUM

SEREV

x

x

SERI?

ER, IR DECLENSION

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

FRATER

x

FRATRO

FRATRUM

x

x

x

FRATROS

x

ATER

x

ATRO

ATRUM

x

x

x

x

x

SATeR (L. sator-oris)

SAT?

SATO?

x

x

SATA?

SATE?

SATI?, SATeRS

FELaR

x

x

x

x

FELARA

FELaRE

FELaRI

VANeR or VANTH

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

MARCA

x

x

x

x

x

x

AURATUM

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

AVERUM

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

EFETSUM

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

MOTINUM

x

x

x

x

x

x

ORS
(L. orsus)

x

ORSUM, ORSvM

x

x

x

x

x
x

x

x

CEISvM

x

x

x

x

 x

x

x

x

VELS

x

x

x

VELI

 x

x

x

x

SETUM

x

x

x

SETI

x

x

TEC

x

TECUM

x

x

TECE

x

x

PIR

x

x

x

x

x

PIRE

PIRI

 x

x

UNIAS, VNIAS
UNIA, VNIA

UNO, VNO

UNUM, VNUM
(UNEM, VNEM)

UN, VN,

x

UNE, VNE

UNI, VNI

x

x

x

x

MERLUM

x

x

MARLE

x

x

x

(TRIA)

x

TRINUM

TRIN

x

x

(TREI, TRI),
(TRES)

x
x

LAUCILIA

x

x

x

x

x

x

 x

x

SPINIA

x

SPINAUM

x

SPINA

x

SPINI

x
x

RECIA

x

x

x

x

x

x

 x
x

PENIA

x

x

x

x

x

x

 x
x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

 x

x

x

APOLO or APLO
(L. Apollo)

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

ERATO
(L. Erato)

x

x

x

x

x

 x

x

x

SESTO
(L. sextus)

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

KARO

x

x

x

x

x

 x

x

x

OSO (Mt. Osa?)

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

NONO (L. nonno)

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

KEBO

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

SELA

SELE

x

x

x

x

SALO

x

x

x

SALE

x

 x

x

x

CARO

x

CAR

x

x

x

 x

x

x

ALTO

x

x

x

x

ALTI

x

x

x

ERTO

x

x

x

x

ERTI

x

x

PHABIA

x

x

x

x

PHABE?

x

x

x

ARCIA

ARCIO

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

VISIO

x

VIS?

x

x

VISES?

x

x

x

RIO

x

RIV

RIFA

x

x

x

x

x

MERIO

x

xx

x

x

x

 x

x

x

ROCO, ROCIO

x

ROK

ROCA

x

x

 x

x

x

REO

x

x

x

x

REOS

x

x

OSIA

x

x

x

x

OSE

OSI

x

x

PASIA (L. pax, pacis?)

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

MARSI

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

POLESI

 x

x

FASIA

x

x

x

x

x

x

 x

x

SINIA

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

VeRONIA

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

ANIA (L. Anio, m.)

x

x

x

x

ANE

ANI

x

x

ANIIA

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

PIA

x

x

x

x

x

PIES?

x

x

PHOBIA

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

REPHTE

x

x

x

PHONTIA

x

x

PHONT

PHONTA

PHONTE

x

x

x

VEIA

VEIO

x

x

x

x

VEI

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

MUSEI

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

EFEREI?

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

PHERSIPNEI

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

RE

POLTUCEI (Polydeukes)

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

RE

THRVNEI
(L. Troiani?)

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

RE

REI

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

PHASEI

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

CNEI

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

MONICLEI

x

x

TRES (L. tres)

x

x

x

x

TRE

TREI (L. tria)

x

x

LEIS

x

x

x

x

LEI

x

VeLER

x

x

x

x

x

VeLERE

VeLERI, VeLEREI VeLERES

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

VASE

VASEI

x

x

x

x

IP

x

IPA

x

IPI, IPEI

x

x

VOIA

VOI

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

REMIA

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

PUIA

x

x

x

x

PUE

x

x

x

NASIA

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

PENaRIA
(L penarius)

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

PETRONIA

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

TRIA (L. tria)

x

x

x

x

x

TRI

x

TINIR?
TINiRS?

TINIA

x

x

TIN (PL33)

TINA?

x

TINeS, TINI (PL16, 32)

x

x

UNIA

UNI

x

x

x

x

x

x
x MASNIA

MASO?

x

MAS?

MASA?

x

x

x

x

VASTIA

x

x

x

x

x

VASTI

x

x

VELCIA

x

x

x

x

x

VELCES

x

x

RASIIA

x

x

RAS

x

x

x

x

x

ASIA
ASIE

ASO

x

ASI

x

x

x

x

x

TIA, THIA (L. Dia?)

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

TRIA

TRI

x

x

x

TRE

TRES, TREI

x

x

KORAIA
KOREIA

x

x

x

x

KORE, CORE

x

x

x

ATIA
ATIE

ATOS?

x

x

x

ATE

ATI, ATES

x

x

MIA

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

NIA?

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

POIA?

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

LER

x

x

x

x

x

LERE

LERES, LERI,

 x

POSTER
(L. poster, adv.)

x

x

x

POST
(L. post, adv.)

x

POSTE

POSTI
(L. postea, adv.)

 x

SOPER (L. supra)

x

SOPRO

x

x

x

x

x

x

SATeR, PL2

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

TICNeR, (TIKAM)

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

TAITeR
(L. taeter)

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

MELIAPHeR (Meleager)

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

TOCLER?

x

x

x

x

TOKLA?

x

x

x

TISTER?

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

RAMOER?

x

RAMO?

x

x

x

x

x

x

TRI IUPER

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

TREVIPER
(L. vipera)

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

TRIPLER

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

RAMOER

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

AKER

x

AKRO

x

x

x

x

x

x

NAPER

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

MiLER

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

NORPENER

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

PRECER

PREC? PREK

x

x

x

x

PRECE?

x

x

MeLER

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

NAPER

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

NOPER
(L. nuper, adv.)

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

IOPER

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

IOPATER

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

ATIIRIER

ATIIERIA

ATIIER

ATTIERI
ATTIERIO

x

x

x

ATTIIERIE, ATIIERIES

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

MARTI MARTIES

x

x

x

x

x

x

LENA

LeNE

LENI, LENIES

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

SEMENIES

 x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

TEKORIES

 x

HINER

x

HINERO

x

x

HINERA

x

x

x

SOTER

x

SOTRO

x

x

SOTRA

x

SOTRIS

x

STRETER

x

x

x

x

STRETA?

x

x

x

CAPER

x

x

x

x

x

CAPERE

CAPERI

x

CHIMeR

x

x

x

x

x

x

CHIMeRS

x

MANTeR?

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

Mel Copeland
Berkeley, CA
1.28.07

Notes:

* Augmentative, as in Italian
(1) Latin f. gender.

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Launched 1.28.07

Updated: 2.05.07; 2.07.07; 2.08.07; 2.09.07; 2.10.07; 2.14.07; 2.25.07; 4.15.07; 11.07.07; 5.23.09

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Copyright © 1981-2009 Mel Copeland.