11/7/2007 Etruscan Grammar, from "Etruscan_Phrases," texts, showing Etruscan declension patterns

Etruscan Phrases – Grammar
Declension Tables (continued)
by Mel Copeland
(from a work published in 1981)


The following are rough declension tables of the Etruscan language, continued from Etruscan_grammar-2.html. This document is to be used in connection with "Etruscan Phrases" spreadsheets, Etruscan_Grammar.xls and Etruscan_GlossaryA.xls. Word definitions and their specific locations in the texts are in the spreadsheets. Women's names from mirrors or paintings are highlighted in blue; men's names are red. Words with question marks next to them may be verbs. Words with a "PL" number are probably nouns, found in the Picacenza Liver. Words in parentheses refer to a separate listing of the same word group in another declension.

1st Declension Examples – Singular & Plural Names

Nominative, as =
L. -es (5th); Gr. ias

Genitive, ai =
L. ei (5th);
Gr. iou (1st); or Accusative, ai.

Dative, ie
L. ei (5th)

Accusitive,
L. em (5th)

Ablative, o =
L. e (5th)

Etr. dec 1

Etr. dec 2

Plural 1

Plural 2

OROAS
(L. aurora-ae)

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

OSINAS
(L. oscen-inis)

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

CLEFSINAS (L. adj. Clusinus)

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

CORNAS
(L. cornu)

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

CHALCHAS

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

ANCHAS

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

LINAS

x

x

x

x

x

x

LINI, LINII

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

KEPHES, CEPHES,
CEPHII

x

FIPINAS (Virbius?)

x

x

x

x

x

 x

x

x

PINAS

x

PINIE

x

xx

(PINA)

(PINE)

(PINES),
(PINI )

(PINAV)-dative

ANAS

x

x

x

x

ANA

x

ANI

x

CAUTAS

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

PIPHAS

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

PLENAS

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

TOTAS
(L. tutus-a-um)

x

x

x

TOTHIO
(L. totius)

TOTA

TOTE

TOTHI

x

RUFAS

x

x

x

x

x

 x

x

x

RAMAS

x

RAM

x

x

x

x

x

x

RAMeRAS

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

SOTANAS

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

IONAS

x

x

x

IONIO

x

IONE*

x

x

IANAS

x

IAN

x

x

IANNA

x

x

 x

MAXIMAS

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

VIKiLAS

x

x

x

x

VIKiLA

x

x

x

VALAS

x

VAL

x

x

x

x

VALES

x

AVRAS

x

x

(AVERUM)

x

AVERA

x

x

x

VIAS

x

x

x

x

(VIA)

x

x

 x

PINAS

PINES

x

PINAV

x

PINA

PINE

PINI, PINIE

INAS

x

x

x

INO

x

x

INNI

x

RISERAS

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

ROBARAS

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

STROPHGLAS

x

x

x

x

STROPHGLA, STROGLA

x

x

x

PALAS
(L. Pallas)

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

 x

ARAS

ARAI

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

CROTHAI

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

ELINAI

x

x

x

x

x

ELINEI

x

x

ARAI (L. ara?)

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

AECAI

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

RONAI

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

SIFAI

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

CRAI

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

TUAI, TFAI
(L. duo-ae-o)

x

x

TOE, TVE

TUA, TFA

TUE, TFE

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

RUCE, RFCE

x

 x

x

ARMAI (L. arma?)

x

x

x

x

x

x

x
x MIDAI (Midas?)

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

ATAI (Hades)

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

STAI

x

x

STO

STA?

STE?

x

STI?

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

 STABLI?

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

 STATI TA

x

ReNAIX

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

ERAS

ERAIA?

x

x

x

ERA

x

x

x

x

x

PARAM?

PERAEM

x

x

x

PERIAI

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

TIRAI

TIR?

x

xTIRO?

x

x

TIRI

x

x

RONAI

RON, RONS

RONEM

xRONO

RONA

RONE

RONI, RONIS

RONTO

ROTAS

x


ROT

ROTEM

xx

ROTA

ROTE

x

x

x

x

x

PERASCEM

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

PANIEM

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

ATHINEM

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

NOMEM
(L. nomem)

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

UNEM
(UNUM)

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

AKNESEM

xAKNEO

x

AKNE

AKNI *
(L. agnae)

x

x

x

x

ATHINEM
(ATHINIM)

x

x

x

x

x

MARAS

x

MAR

MAREM,

x

x

x

x

x

AIFAS (Aiuas) Ajax

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

TIMEM
(L. timens)

TIMO (Deimus?)

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

OCEM

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

POLEM

x

x

x

x

x

PHABAS (L. Phoebus, of Apollo)

x

x

x

x

x

PHABE? (see PHABIA)

x

PHABETO

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

SCRIATO

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

SUKATO (L. succutio)

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

MERITO

x

x

x

x

x

x

KARE?

x

KARETO

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

KORATO

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

KAMITO

x

x

x

x

PORTO

PORTA

x

PORTI

PORTITO

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

PIVIATO

CLOVENIAS

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

POMPERIAS

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

VAMERIAS

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

TEKEIAS

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

VENIAS

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x



2nd Declension Examples – Singular & Plural Names

Nominative, as =
L. -us, er (2nd)

Genitive, ai =
L. i (2nd); Gr.

Dative, o,
L. o (2nd)

Accusitive, um
L. um (2nd)

Ablative,
L. o (2nd)

Etr. dec 1

Etr. dec 2

Plural 1

Plural 2

x

x

x

PATREVUM

x

x

PATRE
(L. patria-ae)

x

x

x

VIN

x

VINUM

x

VINA

x

x

 x

x

METIN

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

VOLUM
(L. volumen)

x

VINA

x

x

 x

x

RAT

RATO

RATUM, RATvM

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

PERUM

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

NATHUM or NARUM

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

SCELUM

x

x

x

SCELES

x

x

SEC? or SEK?

x

SECUM

x

SECA?

x

x

x

x

(AVRAS)

x

AVERUM

x

(AVERA)

x

x

x

x

x

POPOLO

POPOLUM

x

x

x

x

x

x

TROTAN?

x

TROTUM

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

POPOLO

POPOLUM

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

KASTRO

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

KATRO

KATRUM

x

CATRA

x

KATRES

x

x

x

x

x

x

PATRE

x

 x

x

x

KASTRO

x

x

x

x

x

 x

x

x

MALO
(L. malus)

x

x

x

x

x

 x

x

x

PEO (L. paucis, adj. few)

x

x

x

x

x

 x

x

x

 SOLO
(L. solus)

x

x

 SOLA

x

x

 x

x

x

PRO (L. pro)

x

x

x

x

x

 x

x

x

x

PESONTRUM

x

x

x

x

 x

x

x

x

CISUM

x

x

x

x

 x

x

SOR
(L. soror)?

SORO?

SORUM,
SORvM

SOROV

x

x

x

 x

x

CITLOP

CITLO

x

CITLAV, CITLOV

x

x

x

 x

x

x

MATRO

x

MATROV

MATRA

x

x

 x

x

x

x

x

x

SELVA, PL-4

x

x

 x

x

(TOR),
(TORS)

(TORO)

x

TOROV
(L. torvus?) (TOROPa)

(TORA)

(TORE)

(TORI, TORES)

 x

x

x

x

x

GlATAV

x

x

x

 x

x

x

PHTO

x

PHTAV

x

x

x

x

x

KOM?

KOMO?

x

KOMIAV

KOMA?

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

KONIKAU

x

x

x

x

x

KOTEP?

x

x

KOTEV

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

RESTvM

RESTEV

RESTA

x

x

 x

x

x

SAKREO

x

SAKREV

SAKRA?

SAKRE?

x

 x

x

SER?

SERO?

SERUM

SEREV

x

x

SERI?

ER, IR DECLENSION

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

FRATER

x

FRATRO

FRATRUM

x

x

x

FRATROS

x

ATER

x

ATRO

ATRUM

x

x

x

x

x

SATeR (L. sator-oris)

SAT?

SATO?

x

x

SATA?

SATE?

SATI?, SATeRS

FELaR

x

x

x

x

FELARA

FELaRE

FELaRI

VANeR or VANTH

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

MARCA

x

x

x

x

x

x

AURATUM

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

AVERUM

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

EFETSUM

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

MOTINUM

x

x

x

x

x

x

ORS
(L. orsus)

x

ORSUM, ORSvM

x

x

x

x

x
x

x

x

CEISvM

x

x

x

x

 x

x

x

x

VELS

x

x

x

VELI

 x

x

x

x

SETUM

x

x

x

SETI

x

x

TEC

x

TECUM

x

x

TECE

x

x

PIR

x

x

x

x

x

PIRE

PIRI

 x

x

UNIAS, VNIAS
UNIA, VNIA

UNO, VNO

UNUM, VNUM
(UNEM, VNEM)

UN, VN,

x

UNE, VNE

UNI, VNI

x

x

x

x

MERLUM

x

x

MARLE

x

x

x

(TRIA)

x

TRINUM

TRIN

x

x

(TREI, TRI),
(TRES)

x
x

LAUCILIA

x

x

x

x

x

x

 x

x

SPINIA

x

SPINAUM

x

SPINA

x

SPINI

x
x

RECIA

x

x

x

x

x

x

 x
x

PENIA

x

x

x

x

x

x

 x
x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

 x

x

x

APOLO or APLO
(L. Apollo)

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

ERATO
(L. Erato)

x

x

x

x

x

 x

x

x

SESTO
(L. sextus)

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

KARO

x

x

x

x

x

 x

x

x

OSO (Mt. Osa?)

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

NONO (L. nonno)

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

KEBO

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

SELA

SELE

x

x

x

x

SALO

x

x

x

SALE

x

 x

x

x

CARO

x

CAR

x

x

x

 x

x

x

ALTO

x

x

x

x

ALTI

x

x

x

ERTO

x

x

x

x

ERTI

x

x

PHABIA

x

x

x

x

PHABE?

x

x

x

ARCIA

ARCIO

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

VISIO

x

VIS?

x

x

VISES?

x

x

x

RIO

x

RIV

RIFA

x

x

x

x

x

MERIO

x

xx

x

x

x

 x

x

x

ROCO, ROCIO

x

ROK