4/17/07 Etruscan Phrases showing Etruscan conjugation and declension patterns and vocabulary. Translation of short inscriptions. Etruscan_Phrases Translation of Short Inscriptions  by Mel Copeland (from a work published in 1981)   About the Translation   8.22.06 – The words for the translation below are selected from the vocabulary, accessed through Indo-European Table 1. Characters which are underlined are difficult to read and may not be correct. The translations will be updated to reflect current results from the table 1 and our new Glossary and Grammar, with Excel spreadsheets. The work symbol indicates areas of this page that are being reworked. A-1 behold the point, pile of Tanaquil the Masnia there P-1 Achaea Zeus AB-1 for myself I build the hall of the gods of the great Chaina himself AD-1 for myself Mamar to us the expectation of the days born AE-1 born; Arno of the gods to the son AE-6 of a knight who of the fare I make good for AF-1 to the gods the prince, to the; Clenar he joins together there; CN; the store-room to us I reject the one and the same to us AF-13 he goes away here; to the healthy family he joins the king to rest AG-1 the great by the day the great Rodos of the title he trusts in he hides to yourself; to rest AT-1 (was AH-1) he taunts/criticises there; you taunt/criticise Arno to the; her (It. la) king (Fr. roi) to the (It. al) daughter indeed there I join together the matter/thing of the horn/courage of the Poe AJ-1 the sweetness of the river Arno truly I love to/for us; I died of my own accord AJ-9 to wash at it she joins together there to us; she lived 68 years by which I am called AJ-17 I say Ana CN of the remains you keep away AK-1 They go to look after us; you come, you praise of Linas yourself, born here; to the famly of Linus you farm AL-1 the prince himself Metelis; to you he shook to them the Clensi (or Calensi) AL-8 I dine Veleres (family name) you protect the race there; the hold out of AL-15 the people of Turin the seat of success AN, Inscriptions from the tomb of "Aninas" in Tarquina: AN-1 Ani (woman's name) born of the river Arno we bury AN-5 before whom the son of Atia there; she lived 39 years AN-12 Ani (woman's name) born great; we bury to Panes our sister AN-20 to her the goddess Pha she went out of Scorpio (the month about Oct.24-Nov.24); of the family of Cato; to the god these matters....something AN-28 she lived 47 years herself AN-31 Ani (woman's name) born; the ghost we bury to the character of the passage money AN-37 to Panes of the sisters of the house........of the family of Cato AN-42 I make there to bathe of the god Tini; I snatch away myself AN-49 the calf of the leg I dined of one (or of the goddess Uni).........of food AN-55 she lived some 26 years AP Inscription from Pesaro, an Italian town on the Adriatic coast. Latin text: L. F. Matius, Fulguriator (Matius, augar of lightening bolts) AP-1 to grandmother I compose/build; wrath he reigned over of you; you join / he joins together of the Tyrrhinii; in truth (L. vero) he repudiated here HA, on an augur (haruspex), Vatican Museum: AM, Painting on a sarcophagus from Tarquina, now in the Archeological Museum in Florence I haveTirai (Tyrsenus) the king of the cause of Atys of the birth / born of the god royal Script A An inscription on the location of Tanqil's tomb. Tanaqil was the wife of Tarquin the Great (Lucius Tarquinius Priscus, 5th king of Rome), from the Etruscan city of Tarquinii. She was a highborn and ambitious Etruscan woman who urged her husband to move from Tarquinia to Rome in order to advance his fortunes. Her training in the Etruscan art of augury often aided her husband in his affairs. At his death her strong-mindedness and quick thinking assured the throne to their son-in-law, Servius Tullius, in accordance with her husband's wishes. She is seen in another script, DL, "Divinination Lesson.html" a mirror showing the divining of a liver before Tarquin, with the god Veltune (FELTVNE) who is naked and observing the augur examining a liver. Next to the augur is Tanaquil, next to her is Tarquin, holding a staff, and next to him is another naked god holding a branch with a sprig growing below his feet. Above his head is the word, RARLR or DARLR. A-1 – ECA SVTHI (SVI) TANCHVILVS (TANVILVS MAS NIA Le [Translation: behold! (L. en! ecce!) the point, pile (L. sudis-is; Fr. soute, f.., store-room; It. sotto., adv. , prep. under, below) of Tanaquil's mass, heap, tomb (L. massa-ae) new (L. novus; Gr. neos, nea) or alternatively, truly (L. nai, ne, nae) there (le) P-1 – ACIE ZEVS [Translation: Achaea('s) Zeus] Note: The word IKIHII, Script T below, a possible variant of Achaea. AB-1 – MI MVLV LARI SALE FEL KAINASI (Text from Archaeologica, "Scritti in onore di Aldo Neppi Modona / A cura di Nelide Caffarello," L. S. Oshchki, Firenze, 1975, p. 207) [Translation: to myself (It. mi) I construct/stir/toil (L. molior-iri) of the gods (L. Lar, laris) of the hall (It sala, f.), or alternatively, you go up (It. salire, sale, he goes up; L. salio, salire) of the great Chaina himself (It. si)] Note: LARI is one of the words on the Piacenza Liver. FEL KAINA may be Vulcan (L. Volcanus-i (Vulcanus-i). This may also refer to Chianciano Terme. The website of its museum says: "Chianciano Terme stands on a hilltop overlooking to the west the fertile Chiana valley, already mentioned by Latin authors for its varied and abundant crops. In the vicinities of the present Chianciano, close to the ancient road that connected Northern Etruria's inland to the coast, a rather sizeable Etruscan settlement must have developed that controlled this important route running through the Astrone valley. The presence of warm healing springs in the area must also have played a role in the development of the Etruscan Chianciano, since the area was a centre of the cult worship of Apollo as early as the 5th century B.C." [See http://www.chianciano.com/museo/etrusco/museo-uk.htm and http://www.tuscanholidays.net/villas-tuscany-chiana-valley.htm] CHIANA declines as CHIANE at TC109. AD-1 MI MAMAR CE SPE Le THIE NAS [Translation: to myself (It. mi) Mamar to us (It. ce) the expectation/hope or forboding there of the days (L. dies-ei, m.) born ( L. nascor-i, natos and [gnatus)] Note: Mamar may be Mermerus, the elder son of Medea and Jason or possibly the grandson. Medea was gifted in making poisons. Medea and Jason had two sons, Pheres and Mermerus who were abandoned by Medea at the altar of Hera after her murder of Corinth's king and his daughter. The two children had innocently carried a poisoned robe to the king's daughter, Glauce. The Corinthians stoned the two children to death. The art of making poison was passed down to the son of Pheres, Mermerus, who was the king of Thesprotian Ephyra. He passed the art down to his son Ilus. Ilus, king of Ephyra, refused to sell arrow poison to the young Odysseus. AE-1 NAS: ARNOLARIS AL: FILAO: [Translation: born (L. nascor-i) Arno of the gods (L. Lars, Laris) to the (It. al) son (L. filius-i)] AE-6 IYC Ki NAL RIP [Translation: of a knight (L. eques-itis) or I yoke, bind (L. ugo-are) who, which (It. chi) the fare/passage money (L. nalum-i) I make good for (It. riparare; Fr. réparer) or alternatively, of the river (L. aripa-ae; It. ripa)] Script AF (left) Pillaster, tomb of the Clautie, Care, 4th Cent. B.C. AF-1 LARIS AFLE: LARIS ALCLENAR SFA Le (or STA Le)CNSVTHI CE RIKVN (or CERI KVNE) CE [Translation: to the gods (L. Lars, Laris) the prince (L. aule) to the (It. al) to Clenar (person's name; see CLENeRVN, K64) he joins together (L. suo, suere. sui. sutum) there; CN; the store-room (Fr. soute, f.; It. sotto., adv. , prep. under, underneath, beneath, below; L. sudis-is, point, pile) to us (It. ce) they led (L. rigo-are, to lead water; It. rigare, to rule) to us (It. ce)] AF13 APA CeA TIC SANI SFA RVI CESV [Translation: he goes away (L. abeo, abi-itum) to us (It. ce) or alternatively, away! be off! (L. apage); from/to (L. a) the family/stock (Fr. tige, f.) healthy/sound (pl.) (L. sanus-a-um) he joins together (L. suo, suere. sui. sutum) of / with the king (Fr. roi, m.); to cease work/rest (L. cesso-are)] AF-20 CLAF TIE THVRASI [Translation: the staff, club (L. clava-ae; It. clava) of the day day (L. dies-ei, day; diu, by day; diutiuus, longer; Welsh, dydd; Scot, di) Script AF AG-1 FEL A TIES: FEL RVDVS LEMNISA: CELA TI: CESV [Translation: the great to/by (L. a) the day (L. dies-ei, m. or f.); the great Rudus (L. rudis-e, rough, raw, uncultivated, unrefined, unskilled, awkward) or alternatively, Rodos (L. rodo, rodere, rosi, rosum, to gnaw, nibble at, to corrode, consume, to disparage, backbite, slander) of Lemnos (L. Lemnos [us]-i; adj. Lemnius-a-um, Lemnian) he hides (L. celo-are) you/yourself (It. ti); to cease work/rest/stop (L. cesso-are)] AT-1 (was AH-1 ) RAFeN RVS: 8ELCIA Le: 8ELCES: ARNO AL: LA ROI AL: FILE NAL SER RES: CVRNAS: PVIA [Translation: they ravish (L. rapio, rapere) the country (L. L. rus, ruris); (the town of) Velcha there; the Velches; the (river) Arno to the, to it (It al); her (It. la) king (Fr. roi) to it (It. al) the daughter (L. filia-ae, f.) the passage money (L. naulum-i) I connect, join (L. sero, serere, serui, sertum) the matter/thing (L. res, rei); the horn/courage (L. cornu-us) afterwards (It. poi; Fr. puis) or alternatively the (river) Poe] AJ-1 MELIARNOIPVIAAM CESPIIPS [Translation: the honeys/sweetnessess (L. mel, mellis) of the Arno (L. Arnus-i, m. chief river of Etruria) afterwards/then (It. poi; Fr. puis); alternatively, truly (L. poi!) or the Poe river? I love, like (L. amo-are) to us (It. ce); the hopes (L. spes-ei, f.) or I hoped (L. sperare) I myself/of my own accord (L. ipse-a-um)] Note: The IA sufix in PVIA coincides with noun, gen. endings. AJ-9 LAYO ALSFA Le CEAFILLXII CICLF[Translation: to bathe/wash (L. lavo, lavare, lavere, lavi, lautum or lotu or lavatum) at the/at it (It. al) she joins together (L. suo, suere, sui, sutum) there to us (It. ce); she lived/possessed (L. habeo-ere-ui-itum) 68 [years] of which, that (L. qui, interog.; qui, quae or qua, quod) I am named (L. clueo-ire)] AJ-18 NARANA CNVSARCE [Translation: I say/make known (L. narro-are); Anna of Cnaeus you lead (L. . AK-1 ITVN TVRV CE FENE LATE LINAS TI NASC LINII ARAS [Translation: they go (L. ito-are) to look after (L. tueo-ere) of us (It. ce); you come (L. venio, venita, veni, ventum); you praise/commend (L. laodo-are) of Linas (person's name) yourself (It. ti) I am born (L. nascor-i, natos and [gnatus] of the Linii (family of Linas) of the altars (L. ara-ae) or alternatively, you cultivate, farm (L. aro-are) ] Click on image for larger view.   Script AL, Aule Metelis, from Sanguineto, Italy, near Lake Trasimene, 1st. c B.C. AL-1 AULE (AFLE) METELISFEFESI LE , or alternatively, RECLENSI [Translation: the prince (L. aule) himself , Metelis you carry (L. veho, vehere, vexi, vectum) he shook/tossed (L. vexo-are) there (le) or things (L. res, rei) the Clensi (peoples' name)] AL-8 CEN 8eLERES TECESANS LeTENIN E? [Translation: of the clan (L. gens, genus); the Veleres; you protect (L. tego, tegere, texi, tectum) the blood/race (L. sanguis-itis, m. and sanguen; It. sangue, m.; Fr. sang, m.) there (le); they hold (L. teneo, tenere, tenui, tentum) from/out of (L. e, ex) ] AL-15 TVRINES KIS FLICS [Translation: the people of Turin (L. Augusta Taurinorum) whom (L. quis, quid; It. chi, Fr. qui) I change, alter, bend (L. flecto, flectere, flexi, flexum) (1) The script is located on the rear, bottom of the toga of the orator, Prince Metelis. Underlined characters are unclear. Script TA. This script is in the "Tomb of the Augurs," Tarquina. The inscriptions cannot be easily read and were only visible to me through a watercolor of the mural in a book by Frederik Poulsen, Etruscan Tomb Paintings, Oxford, The Clarendon Press, 1922. The painting is part of a collection Ny Carlsberg Glyptotek. The frescos in the Etruscan tombs have been deteriorating, and it may be that the early water-colors will be our final point of reference on the inscriptions in various Etruscan tombs. Artists, by their nature, copy what they see, and in this case the artist saw an inscription the camera several years later could not copy. The right hand figure has the following inscription to the left of his head: TA-1: APA STA PASAR Translation: [the priest (It. abate [m], abbot, priest; Fr. abbé [m], abbot), he stands (L. sto, stare, steti, statum; It. stare; Fr. stationner) to pass (It. passare; Fr. passer)] The left-hand person has an illegible inscription to the right of his head: TA-4: TAN...... The word APA is used in other scripts and appears to be a verb. Funerary inscriptions in the Tomb of "Aninas," Tarquinia (Script AN): Script AN(1): AN-1 ANI NAS: ARNO: FELVS: [Translation: name, Ani, born (L. nascor-i, natos and [gnatus]) of the Arno (L. Arnus-i, m. chief river of Etruria, now the Arno); of the fleece, hide (L. vellus-eris)] AN-5 PRVK FILVS: ATIA Le: AFILS XXXIX [Translation: I demand (L. proco-are) of the son (L. filius-i, m.) of Atia there; she possessed/lived (L habeo-ere-ui-itum) of 39 (years)] Script AN(2): AN-12 ANI NAS: FEL: FELVS: A PANES: SVR NVS [Translation: name, Ani, born (L. nascor-i, natos and [gnatus]) great of the fleece, hide (L. vellus-eris) to (L. a) name, Panes, or alternatively, you compose, fasten (L. pango, pangere) of sister (L. soror; It. suora, f. Fr. soeur, f.) our (L. nos; Fr. nos; It. nostro, nostri, nostra, nostre)] Note: the phrase, great of the hide may be an expression referring to a great writer, since sheep skin (vellum) was used to write upon. AN-20 AL øA (PHA) ESI: SCVRPI: CATES: TEFS: A _ _AF ALCE [Translation: to her (It. al, prep. to the) the goddess Pha you went out (It. escire [uscire]; L. exeo-ire-li-[ivi]-itum) of the month of the Zodiac, Scorpio (about October 24-November 29; in Babylonia it is regarded as the 8th month, October-November; L. Scorpio-onis and Scorpios [-os] -i; Scorpius was responsible for killing the hunter Orion and the two constellations never appear at the same time in the sky. When Scorpius rises Orion is setting. Its brightest star is Antares, "rival of Ares, Mars."); of the family of Cato; god, (L. m. deus, divus) ......of something/someone/anyone (L. aliquis, aliquid)] AN-28 AFILS XXXXIII SA SVRI: CERIS VNCE [Translation: she lived/possessed (L. habeo-ere-ui-itum) 47 (years) herself (L. se, or sese, acc. sing. and pl. sui, genit., sibi, dat. se or sese, abl.) smiled (L. risor-oris; It. sorridere; Fr. souire); the goddess Ceres (L. Ceres-eris) you anoint (L. ungo [unguo] ungere; It. ungere; Fr. oindre)] AN-35 SANIM ............unreadable. Script AN(3): AN-34 ANI NAS: LARO FELVS: ARS NAL [Translation: name, Ani, born (L. nascor-i, natos and [gnatus]); the ghost (L. arua [larua]-ae, f.) of the the fleece, hide (L. vellus-eris) the skill/character (L. ars-tis, f.) of the passage money (L. naulum-i)] AN-40 A PANES: SVRvM SIS CFS ICV CATES [Translation: to (L. a) Panes, or alternatively, you compose, fasten (L. pango, pangere) of the sisters, sister (L. soror; It. suora, f. Fr. soeur, f.) you wish (L. vis) Cus to strike, slay (L. icio or ico, ici, ictum) of the family of Cato] AN-47 AN: FAC Le: LAFV TN: RAF SI [Translation: whether (L. an) I make/do (L. facio, facere, feci, factum) there (le) to bathe (L. lavo, lavare, or lavere, livi, lautu or lotum or lauatum) of TN (abbreviation for the god Tini); I snatch away/hurry along (L. rapio, rapere, rapui, raptum) herself (It. si; L. se, or sese, acc. sing. and pl. sui, genit., sibi, dat., se or sese)] AN-54 SAM SVRI CENKVN_ _ _ _ _ _CIFAS [Transaltion: the leg (It. zampa, f.; Fr. jambe) you smiled (L. risor-oris; It. sorridere; Fr. souire) Cenchun, name or alternatively, they think, estimate (L. censeo, censere) .........of food (L. cibus-i, m.) or alternatively the citizens (L. civis-is)] AN-59 AFILS Ki XXVI [Translation: she lived/possessed (L. habeo-ere-ui-itum) some (L. quae, or qua) 26 (years)] Inscription from Pesaro of L. F. Matius, Fulguriator, an augur who interpreted lightening bolts Latin inscription (top) Matius L. F. he stands (L. sto, stare, steti, statum [stet, subj.]) the prophet/seer (L. haruspex-spicis, m.) the priest who interpreted omens from lightening (L. fulgurator-oris, m.) Script AP-1 – A8ATESIRIReNITeSFISTRYINFI8eRVNIA Ce [Translation: of an ancestor, grandfather (L. avitus-a-um) wrath (L. ira-ae, f.) you reigned over (L. regno-are) of you (L. te; It. te); you join together (L. suo, suere, sui, sutum); of the Tyrrhini or Troinvi; of 8eRVNIA Ce; of Verona to us (It. ce). The combination of characters, 8eRV NIA, only occur in this script. I favor the latter, the name Veronia, since "ia" is a common (masculine) suffix of proper names. The suffix, "ie," is associated with feminine names. Script HA, on an augur (haruspex) Vatican Museum (left): HA-1 – TN: TURCE (TVRCE) FEL SUEITUS (SFEITVS) [Translation [TN, an abbreviation used also in the Zagreb Mummy Script; Torce (name, possibly having to do with to twist, L. torqueo-torquere, to curl, twist, wind) the great Sueitus (name, based on L. suesco, to be accustomed; or Suebi-orum, a German people; or related to Roman name, Suetonius-i, ] Script LF, bronze in the Louvre, Museum: LF-1: TV LF-2 SVRISA [Translation: you (L. tu) Surisa, name or alternatively, you smiled (L. risor-oris; It. sorridere; Fr. souire) yourself (L. se, sese)] See SVRI – AN-30. Script AM, "Battle of the Amazons," Sarcophagus from Tarquina, Archeological Museum, Florence. Photo from Skira, Inc., Etruscan Painting, 1952. This painting obviously involves a woman and warriors, and the text should explain who is involved and what is happening in the scene. The woman does not appear to be wearing armor, and the semi-naked warrior in blue also has no armor, has a Phrigian helmet, and brandishes a sword towards the woman. On the other side of the woman is an armored soldier pointing a spear at the woman. The armed man, carring a bow, on the far right is actually leading the group away. The scene suggests the capture of the woman, not necessarily a battle. It may depict an abduction. When Etruscan murals depict mythological scenes, they tend to be familiar to Greek stories. Thus, we should be able to relate this scene to a Greek myth, particularly an abduction, and probably relating to the Trojan War. As of 8.22.06 – The first word is huc (L. huc, here is) and the next word would call for a name, and the suffix, ai, suggests a proper name, as in the name of Helen in the Divine Mirror.html: ELINAI. Here, the word appears to be CRAI. Also, we have the name CNEI, whose suffix suggests a feminine name, as in PHERSIPNEI (Persephone, Queen of Hades; See Etruscan Mural, Orcus.gif). In this version the names Crai and Cnei are not familiar to me. If ASV is Asius, brother of the famous Hecuba – known also as Hecate – then we should be able to find somewhere a story of him abducting a beautiful woman. Hecuba was the wife of King Priam and she was one of the Trojan women who were abducted by the Greeks (she became the slave of Odysseus). On his homeward voyage he stopped on the shores of the Thracian Chersonese, ruled by King Polymestor, a former Trojan ally. Hecuba discovered that Polymestor had treacherously murdered her son Polydorus for his gold. She lured the king to her tent and blinded him, after killing his infant sons. Shortly thereafter Hecuba was transformed into a fiery-eyed dog. The dog's grave became well known to sailors as Cynossema or Cyneus. According to the lost epic "Sack of Ilium," Apollo brought Hecuba at last to Lycia. Cnei may thus be the name of Hecuba, as Cyneus. If ASV is Asius, it would not be likely that he would be participating in the abduction of his sister, Hecate. If the warrior on the left, with the spear, is Asius, he could be defending Hecate (Cyneus, CNEI) against king Crai. The abduction of the Trojan women was a popular theme in mythology. The woman appears to be holding a sword in her right hand and defending herself. She does not have her right breast exposed, as was the custom of the Amazons (They cauterized the right breast of young women so to not interfere with shooting an arrow, according to Herodotus). Strapped to her side appears to be a scabbard for the sword. If we compare this scene to the painting on the opposite side of the sarcophagus (Amazons.gif), it is clear that the scene involves an Amazon in battle with warriors. In this panel, however, the warrior seems to be wearing a Phrygian style helmet. Cmpare his helmet to those of the armored soldiers. This might be the "Battle of the Amazons" when they invaded Athens. Theseus had abducted Antiope (or Hippolyte) who was either the Amazon queen or her sister, and took her to Athens. The Amazons invaded Athens in pursuit of their queen. Later the Amazons fought the Trojans led by young King Priam, and the Mygdonians and Phryigians. Perhaps because the Amazons hated the Greeks more than they did the Trojans, their queen, Penthesileia, came to the aid of Priam late in the Trojan War. She was killed by Achilles, but only after inflicting much damage on the Greeks. It would make sense that both scenes on the sarcophagus represent both phases of the incident: the abduction of Antiope by Theseus and the Amazon attack on Athens to recover her. Since both the Greeks and Trojans wore crested helmets according to the Iliad the warriors could be either Greek or Trojan. The text should provide a clue to the scene, which battle of the Amazons is involved. Sometimes there is a recognizable correspondence of Greek names to the Etruscan spelling and thus we would look for familiar names involving the Amazons. Other names, such as those seen on the Divine Mirror.html, like the Etruscan Turan, who is the Greek Aphrodite, Roman /Venus, or Tinia who is the Greek Zeus, the Roman Jupiter, are not similar. Only the characters Asius (ASV) and Cyneus / Hecate (CNEI) seem to have a bearing in this Etruscan scene. If Hecate is the woman in the scene, then her abductor would be Odysseus, whose name is not mentioned. If the woman is an Amazon, she would have to be a famous Amazon, but no name in the script coincides with those names listed above. In the conflicts involving the Amazons, Hercules (Etruscan, Hercle) or Theseus (Etruscan, These) were the abductors of Antiope, and their names are not in this panel. So this is not the abduction of Antiope. If the woman is Penthesileia, then something close to her name, and particularly the name of Achilles, should be mentioned. I thus lean towards the theme of the "Abduction of the Trojan women," with this scene relating to Hecuba. The opposite panel contains no text but certainly appears to relate to the Amazon revenge attack on Athens. (1) AM-1 HVC CRAI: RVI: ASV ATI: TIFI CNEI: LAR RIAL [Translation: Hither is, to this place (L. huc) Crai the king (L. rex, regis; It. re, Fr. roi). Aso (Asius, a Trojan ally. Asius was the younger brother of Hecuba and son of Dymas, king of the Phryigian tribe who lived on the Sangarius River. He led that nation's forces in the Trojan War) of the Ati (sons of Atis). He carried away (L deveho -veheree -vexi -vectum) or alternatively divine (L. divus-a-um) of Cnei: of the god (L. lar) royal (L. regalis)] Note: A letter faces towards the word it belongs when there is a chance of confusing it with the following word; i.e., HVC CRAI and not Ce CRAI. AI is a genitive suffix identifying proper names. Script T Inscribed funerary stele, illustration of the Vetulonia "Warrior's Tombstone" Museo Archologico, Florence. 6th-7th century B.C. From The Etruscans, Massimo Pallottino, Indiana University Press, 1975 This I have identified as Script T. Compare his armour to that used in the Illiad of Homer. The script, called the Avle Feluske stele, is not of Avle Feluske. It is: of AULE SeRELUS: T-1 AULE (AFLE) SeRELVS KESTVS NVS NI _ _ _ _ _PANATAM MINIMV Le VBAN IKIHII _ _ _ _SIS The last part of the script is not readable. As will be evidenced in this site the scripts used The S is a . The S is a . The other "S" in the script is the S. [Translation: Prince (L. aule) Serelus a lamentation (L. questus-us); not (L. nae, non) ...of the deities (L. Penates-ium) the least (It. minimo; L. minimus) there (la). They die, go to meet (L. obeo-ire) of Achaia (L. Achaia-ae) ....I wish, will (L. sis).   Notes: (1) AL16 should read KIS (IS). AL17-AL18, FLICS, appears to be L. flecto, flectere, to bend, change or possibly L. flo, flare, flavi, flatum, to blow, to cast metals . The "V" or "B" is an "8." AL9-AL10, 8eLERES, is a common name/ephitet to script Z, the Zagreb Mummy with about 18 usages. This script will be updated as I learn more about the vocabulary.         To study the vocabulary to which the words above relate click here, Indo-European_Table_1 .  Return me to Etruscan_Phrases_a.html home Launched 11.08.02 Updated 11.10.02; 11.28.02; 12.01.02; 12.07.02; 10.12.03; 7.05.04; 7.06.04; 7.12.04; 8.04.04; 8.28.04; 9.03.04; 11.21.04; 1.31.06; 3.24.06; 7.30.06; 8.15.06; 8.21.06; 8.22.06; 8.25.05; 8.27.06; 9.18.06; 11.21.06; 12.03.06; 2.22.07; 4.17.07 Copyright © 1981-2007 Maravot. All rights reserved. Copyright © 1981-2007 Mel Copeland. All rights reserved. Use of the information on this page for publication in any media is expressly forbidden without the prior written consent of the author

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