9/16/06 Etruscan Phrases showing Etruscan conjugation and declension patterns, vocabulary and translations of the scripts.

Copyright © 1981-2006 Mel Copeland. All rights reserved.
 
 

Etruscan_Phrases

The Etruscan vocabulary continued... 

 Note: This page has been replaced by Etruscan Glossary.html and Etruscan Grammar.html.
See Etruscan_Phrases_a.html for current information (9.16.06).

by Mel Copeland

(from a work published in 1981)


Words in the Texts

Etruscan Vocabulary2, L >

Words/names and their phrases are grouped together as you see in this listing.

Lower case letters are interpolated vowels. Comparative definitions where indicated are tentative and focus on a probable root. This vocabulary is current as of 10.26.03. I have purged words which did not have alpha-numeric assignments showing their location(s) in the scripts. Etruscan_Phrases.html

This table contains 4 columns, covering L >V.

  

 

Etruscan Phrases 5.html

LA (It. (1) la, definite article sing. f. her; it; (2) la, pron. sing. f. here, it; (3) la, m. music, la; (4) la, adv. there; Fr. (1) la, le, def. art. m. [l' before a vowel or a mute h], f. la, pl. les; the; pron. m. him, it; f. her, it; pl. them; pronoun; (2) , adv. there; cet homme-là, that man; là-dessus, thereupon; là-haut, up there, là-bas, down there, over yonder. Found at: Z470, Z551, TC179, TC201, TC290, TC318, K58, M74, AH-1, Q21, Q521, R381)

Le (R339, R334, R653, K92, K107, K136, J8, J11, Au55, Au82, Au90, TC28, TC103, TC260, TC271,TC327 )

LE (It. (1) definite article, pl. f. the; (2) sing. pron. f. her, to her; (3) derential pron. m., f. to you; Le assicure, signore, che è cosi: I assure you, sit, that it is so; (4) le, pron. pl. f. them; Fr. le, def. art. m. [l' before a vowel or a mute h]; f. la, pl. les; the; pron. m. him; it [f. her, it, pl. them] Z572, Z638, Z1334, Z1853, K67, Q303)

LEI (K74)

LES (Fr. les, pl. of Le; elles, les, eus, them; It. essi, esse, loro, li, queli, quelle; K36, G21, R521, R584)

LI (It. (1) li, pron. pl. them; li odio, I hate them; (2) definite article m. pl. [archaic] the; (3) li, adv. there, over there; giu di li, thereabout; il per il, at first, at once; essere il il per, to be on the verge of; egli, pers. pron. he. TC-1)

LV (It. (1) lo, definite article m. sing, the; (2) pers pron. m. sing, it, him; egli lo è , he is. N311, Q152, Q202, Q224, R554, K113)

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LACE (L. lacus-us, lake; lacero-are, to tear to pieces, malm, mangle, to squander money, to slander, pull to pieces a character; It. lago, m. lake; Fr. lac, m., lake)

LACeR (M67)

LaKA (L. laxo-are, to widen, loosen, extend, enlarge, to undo, slacken, relax, relieve, to release, to set free. Z432, Z1153, Z1161)

LACEI (TC290)

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LAETI (L. laedo, laedere, laesi, laesum, to strike, knock; hence to hurt, injure, damage; to offend, annoy, to violate, outrage; Fr. lait, m. milk; laitage, m. dairy produce; laiterie, f. dairy, dairy-farming; It. latte, m. milk; latteria, f. dairy; latteo, adj. milky; latta, f. tin (Z516)

LAETIM (ZA-4)

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LAV

LAVeS ( L. laus, ladis, f. praise, fame, glory, commendation; transf. a praiseworthy action or quality. TC213)

LAVIN (K6)

LAYO (AJ-9)

LAFV (L. lavo, lavare, lavere, lavi, lautum or lotu or lavatum, to wash, bathe, to moisten, wet, to wash away. Hence partic. lautus-a-um, washed; hence fine, elegant, sumptuous, refined; adv. laute; laus, laudis, f. praise, fame, glory, commendation. Transf. a praiseworthy action or quality; lautia-orum, pl. entertainment given to foreign ambassadors at Rome; lautitia-ae, f. splendour, elegance, suptuous living; It. lavare, to wash; lavarsi, to wash [oneself]; Fr. laver, to wash, to bathe, to cleanse; on LV8: L. luo, lure, lui, luiturus, to loose, to expiate, atone for, make good,; luere poenam, to pay a penalty; of trouble, to avert; lupa-ae, f. a she-wolf, a prostitue; lupus-i, m. a wolf; a horse's bit with jagged points, a hook; It. lupo, m. wolf; lupa, f. she-wolf; Fr. lueur, f. gleam, glimmer, glow, flash, glare, ray; luire, to shine, to gleam; loup, m. wolf, mask, error. AN-42)

LAFES (L. lavo, lavare, or lavere, livi, lautu or lotum or lauatum, to wash, bathe, to moisten, wet, to wash away, hence, partic., lautus-a-um, washed; gener. fine, elegant, sumptuous, refined; adv. laute. TC120)

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LAIS (L. laesio-onis, f. an oratorical attack; laetitia-a, (1) fertility; hence richness, grace; (2) joy, delight; Laius-i, m. father of Oedipus; It. lai, m. pl. lamentations; Fr. laisser, to leave to, let, to allow, to permit; to quit, to abandon; laisse, f. leash. TC220; See Z1334 for Roi Lais)

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LANE (L. lana-ae, f. wool; also the down on the leaves, fruit, etc.; laena-a, f. a cloak; laneus-a, woolen or of wool, soft as wool; It. lana, f. wool; Fr. laine, f. wool. Z455)

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LANSV (It. lanciare, vi., to throw, fling, pitch, hurl; fig. to launch, to cast, set, to bring out; lanciarsi, vt., to throw, fling, hurl onself, to launch; Fr. se lancer, to rush, to dash, to dart K108)

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LANTeS (L. lanatus-a-um, wool-bearing, wooly; It. lanoso, wooly; landa, f. moor, heath; Fr. lainaux, wooly; lande, f. moor, wasteland, heath. Z1562)

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LAR (L. Lar, Laris, m. usually plur. Lares, Roman tutelary deities, esp. household deities; meton., hearth, dwelling, home. TC61, TC71, TC80, TC108, TC120, TC201, TC231, TC260, TC283, TC327, M60, AF-1, K58)

LARE (TC231, K-1)

LARI (N670)

LARIS (TC19, TC71, TC127, TC137, TC213, TC248, TC271, TC290, TC327)

LARV (L. arua [larua]-ae, f. a ghost, spectre, a mask. TC108, K43, AN-31)

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LAS (L. lasso-are, to make weary, to exhaust; Au86)

LASIV (L. laesio-onis, f. an oratorical attack. R359)

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LATE (laodo-are, to praise, extol, commend, to name, mention, cite, quote; partic. laudatuss-a-um, praiseworthy, esteemed. AK-1)

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LATI (TC90)

LATINA (L. Latinus-a-um, Latium; Latium, Latium-i, n. a district of Italy in which Rome was situated; adv. latine, in Latin (TC213, TC338)

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LATO (L. Lato-us, f. and Latona -se, f. the mother of Apollo and Diana; lateo-ere, to lie hid, be concealed; to live in obscurity or safety; to be unknown; Hence partic. latens-entis, concealed, hidden; latus-a-um, broad, wide, extensive; of style: diffuse, full, rich; hence, adv. late, broadly, widely, extensively; longe lateque, far and wide; latus-eris, the side, flank; of persons in pl., the lungs; milit., a latere, on the flank; lator-oris, m. the proposer of a law )

LATV

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LATE (L. laodo-are, to praise, extol, commend, to name, mention, cite, quote; partic. laudatuss-a-um, praiseworthy, esteemed. AK-1)

LAV (L. Latium-i, a district of Italy in which Rome was situated; adj. Latius and Latinus-a-um; adv. Latine, in Latin; laus-laudis, f. praise, fame, glory, commendation; transf. a praiseworthy action or quality; legatum-i, and legatus-i, m. a legacy, bequest; laodo-are, to praise, extol, commend, to name, mention, cite, quote; partic. laudatuss-a-um, praiseworthy, esteemed)

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LE (See LA)

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LEC (L. lego-are, to ordain, appoint; of persons: to make a deputy, delegate authority to; of property: to bequeath, leave as a legacy; legatus-i, a deputy; lego, legere, legi, lectum, to collect, gather, pick, pick up; of places: to pass through, traverse, coast along; with the eyes: to survey, scan, read, peruse; out of a number: to pick out, choose, select. Hence, partic. lectus-a-um, chosen, selected; choice, excellent; lex, legis, f. a set form of words, contract, covenant, agreement; leges pacis, conditions of peace; esp. a law, proposed by a magistrate as a bill, or passed and statutory; legem ferre rogare, to propose a bill; legem iubere, to accept or pass a bill; in gen., a precept, rule)

LECIN (Z289, Z990)

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LEFA (ZB-2)

LEFE (L. levo-are, to raise, lift up, to make light, relieve, ease; to diminish, weak, impair; levo-are, to make smooth, polish; It. elevare, to elevate, lift, to exalt, to erect, raise; Fr. lever, to rise, to arise, to get up, stand up; to clear up. Z981, Z1013, Z1027, TC120)

LEFES (L. levis-e, light; milit., light-armed; in movement: rapid, swift; in value: light, trifling, unimportant; in character, fickle, captricious, unstable. Adv. leviter, lightly, softly, slightly. Z150, Z176)

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LEI (L. lea-ae, & leaena, f. a lioness; leo-onis, m. lion. K74, Q297, TC144)

LEIS ( L. laedo, ladere, laesi, laesum, to strike, knock, hence to hurt, injure, damage; to offend, annnoy, to violate outrage; Fr. laisser, to leave, to let , to allow, to permit, to quit, to abandon. TC150)

LEITRVM (L. laetor-ari, dep., to rejoice, be joyful Z1274)

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LEM (L. lemma-atis, theme, title, an epigram. Z572, Z1378, AG-1)

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LENA (L. lena-ae, f. a procuress, bawd; It. lena, f. breath, wind; vigor, energy, zest; lenire, to allay. Z1292, Z1326 )

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LeNE (L. leno-ire, to make mild, mitigate, relieve. Z64)

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LENI (TC127, TC236)

LENIES (R426)

LENEAR (L. lineo-are, to make straight; It lineara, adj., linear; Fr. linéare, adj. linear)

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LER (L. laurus-i, f. the laurel or bay-tree; meten., triumph, victory;note: this word seems to be used as a title, lord. Z5, K13)

LeRE (K64)

LERE (N268)

LERES (Z155)

LERI (Z122, Z224, Z851)

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LETV (L. leto-are, to kill, slay; Leto (a variant spelling; see Lato) is the Roman goddess Latona who is the mother of Apollo and Artemis; legere, to read; note: this word seems to be used as a name and does not decline; It. letto, (1) m. bed; (2) pp. of leggere, to read; lieto, adj. glad, merry; Fr. lire, to read; lut: third person singular praeterite. Z170, Q183)

LeTV (Q713, R306, R530, R633)

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LIAE (L. laevus-a-um, left and as subst. the left hand, the left, n. as subst. the left side; transf. left handed, foolish, silly, unlucky, unpropitious, but in augury, favorable; adv. laeve, on the left hand, awkwardly)

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LIMV (L. limo-are, to file, polish, finish off, to investigate, accurately, to file down, pare down, parte; limatus-a-um, refined, ellegant, comp. adv. limatius Au76)

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LINA (L. lino, linere, livi and levi, litum, to smear one thing upon another, or to besmeear one thing with another, to rub out writing, to befoul, dirty; linea-ae, a linen thread, string, a fishing-line, plumb-line; lineo-are, to make straight; It. linea, f. line; lino, m. flax; Fr. lin, m. flax, linen)

LINAM

LINE

LINIA (L. linea-ae, f. a linen thread, string, a fishing line, plumb line; ad lineau, perpendicularly; transf. a geometrical line, a boundary line, goal)

LINII (AK-1)

LINAS (person's name, AK-1)

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LIVNTES (L. liveo-ere, to be bluish in colour, to be envious, envy; partic. livens-entis, bluish, livid, envious; It. livido, m. bruise; adj. livid, lurid; Fr. livide, adj. livid, ghastly; bleu, m. blue, bruise)

LIYNTeS (Note: the interchange with Y and V preceeded by a vowel seems to fit a pattern)

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LIRI (Latin, lyra-ae, f. the lyre or lute, a stringed instrument; lyric poetry, song; lyricus-a-um, of the lyre, lyric; It. lira, f. lyre; also a coin; Fr. f. lyre, lyre)

LIRINA (LIRI NA?)

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LIS (L. lis, litis, f. a legal controversy, action, suit, in gen. contention, strife quarrel; Fr. lisse, adj. smooth, sleek, slick. TC190)

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LVI (L luo, luere, lui, luiturus, to loose, to expiate, atone for, make good, luere poenam, to pay a penalty; of trouble: to avert. M8)

LVIS (L. lues-is, f. plague, pestilence, calamity;Fr. luis, first and second person present, etc. of luire, to shine, to gleam. TC103)

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LVNE (L. luna-ae, f. the moon, night, a month, a crescent-shaped ornament; It. luna, f. moon; Fr. lune, f. moon. Z805, Z1835, R121, R133, R150)

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LVR (Z582, Z582)

LVRE (L. luror-oris, m. ghastliness, paleness; lorica-ae, f. cuirass, corselet, breast plate; breastwork, parapet; lorum-i, n. a strap or thong of leather; plur., reins, bridle, scourge, whip; It. pallido, adj. pale, feint; loro, pron. pl. m. f. they, them, to them; poss. adj. their, poss. pron. theirs; Fr. paleur, paleness; leur, pron. them, to them; poss. adj. their; le leur, la leur, les leurs, theirs)

LVRI (Z463)

LVRuS (M24, M32)

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LVS (L. lux, lucis, f. light, esp. daylight, day, a day; the light of life or of day; the eye, eyesight; illustration, elucidation, hope, encouragement, ornament; day; It. luce, f. light, window, mirror, span; lucido, m. shine, gloss, polish, tracing; adj. shining, glossy; fig. lucid; Fr. luire, to shine, to gleam; lucide, adj. lucid, clear-headed. TC71 )

LVSAN (L. luceo, lucere, luxi, to be bright, shine, glitter; to be clear, evident; impers., lucet, it is light, it is day. Z543)

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LVTA (L. lutum-i, mud, mire, dirt; clay; this may be the name of a town; L. Lotus [us]-i, f. lotus tree, Lotis-a, nymph who gave her name to a tree. She was pursued by Priapus and transformed into a tree; G-9, G14, G39)

LVTV (LVYV; L. logos-[us] a word; lotos-i, f. = lotos, lotus [us]-i, f. the name of several plants, esp. of an African tree and its fruit)

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MAC (L. macero-are, to soften, to make weak, reduce, to torment, tease, vex; macies-ei, leanness, thinness, poverty, barreness; macer-cra-crum, lean, thin, poor; macto-are, to slay, smite, to afflict, punish; macto-are, to magnify, honour, glorify; mactus-a-um, glorified, honoured; magis [or mage], more, to a greater extent; magnus-a-um, major, maius great, large, loud, high price or value, Transf. of time: long, old, of standing: great, mighty, powerful, important; magus-a-um, magical; It. magnificare, to exalt; Fr, macérer, to macerate; magnifique, adj. magnificent, splendid, glorious, generous. Z819)

MACI (ZA-3)

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MAF (Lemnos Script)

MA8V (L. Mavors-vortis, m. archaic and poet. for Mars; mavolo [malo] , malle, malui, to wish rather, prefer; with dative of person, to be more favourable to; Fr. mauvais, adj. evil, ill; wicked, bad, unpleasant, nasty, wrong, harmful, sharp [langue]; il fait mauvais, bad weather)

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MAL (L. mala-ae, f. cheek-bone, jaw-bone, jaw, cheek; malus-a-um, unfavorable, unsuccessful, ugly; malum-i, an evil, harm disaster, punishment; as a term of abuse: scoundre. Adv. male, badly, ill; male audire, to be ill spoken of; male gratus, unthankful; malo, malle, malui, to wish, rather prefer; with dative of a person to be more favorable to; It. male, m. evil, ill, sin, illness, disease, swoon, harm, injury, damage, ache, pain, sorrow, misfortune, mishap; malo, adj. bad, wicked, evil; Fr. mal, m. evil, hurt, harm, pain, wrong, disease; adv. badly, ill, uncomfortable; mal au coeur, nausea; malade, adj. ill, sick, diseased; maladie, f. illness, sickness, malady, disease, ailment)

MALE (L. Adv. male, badly, ill; Z614, Z622, Z629, TC201, R370)

MALV (R370)

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MAM (L. mamma-ae, f. breast; It. mama, f. mother; Fr. maman, mother; mamelle,f. breast. M67)

MAMAR (AD-1)

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MANeRIFA (L. Minerva-ae, f. goddess of wisdom and patroness of arts and sciences. Transf.: wit, skill, art, esp. working in wool. M13)

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MAN (M50)

MANI (L. maneo, manere, mansi, mansum, intransit. to remain, stay, stay the night, to endure, last, promise to abide by; transit. in gen. to wait for, await; R530)

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MANV ((L. manus-us, f. hand; manus dare, to surrender; abl. manu, by hand; It. mano, f. hand, side, way, power, control, care, custody, workmanship, touch handwriting; Fr. main, f. hand, handwriting N206, Q219)

MAN8 (R596)

MANTeR (L. manto-are, to remain, wait, wait for; mando-are, to commit, entrust, of actions, to order, command, commission; n. of partic. as subst. mandatam-i, a commission, charge, order. R381)

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MANTRA (L. mandra-ae, f. a stall, cattle-pen, a herd of cattle, a draught board; manto-are, to remain, wait, wait for.Q152)

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MAR (L. mare-is, the sea; marinus-a-um, of the sea, marine; It. mare, the sea, seaside; marina, f. navy, sea, shore, beach; Fr. mare, f. pool, pond; mer, sea; marin, m. sailor, mariner, seaman; adj. marine, nautical; marine f. navy, sea-front. Z572, Z1236, Z1250, Q406, Q512)

MARAM (Note this may be: MAR AM, "the sea I love." Z40)

MARAZ (MARAS; Lemnos Script)

MAREM (Z1139)

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MARCA (L. Marcus-i, a Roman praenomen, abbreviated, m. marceo-ere, to wither, droop, grow feeble. It. marcare, vt. to mark, to score, to emphasize, stress; marca, f. brand, mark. M8)

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MARLE (L. merula-ae, f. a blackbird, a fish, the sea-carp; It. merlo, m. blackbird; [fig] dolt; [fort.] battlementFr. merle, m. blackbird;. Z592)

MARLVM (see MERLV)

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MART (L. Mars, Martis, m. [old form, Mavors], Mars, god of agriculture and of war. Transf. war, battle, fight. Adj. Martius and Mavortius-a-um, of Mars; adj. Martialis-e, of Mars; m. as subst. a priest of Mars or soldier of the Legio Martia; martius-a-um, adj. from Mars)

MARTA

MARTEN (war, battle, fight, N11, N533)

MARTI (M60, N628)

MARTIES (N304, N324)

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MARTIR (Fr. martyr, m. martyr; It. martire, m. martyre; Gr. martus, witness. Z598)

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MASAN ([Au70] L. massa-ae, f. a lump, mass; It. massa, f. mass, bunch; Fr. masser, to mass, masse, f. mass, bulk, heap, crowd, mace [arme]; sledgehammer; maçon, m. mason, bricklayer; maçonner, to lay bricks, construct; It. mattone, n. brick; mattonare, to lay bricks. Au85)

MASaN (Z1164)

MASV (K74, K92

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MATAM (L. madeo-ere, to be wet, to stream, to be drunk, to be boiled; transf. to be steeped in, about in; matta-ae, f. a mat of rushes; mattea (mattya)-ae, f. a dainty dish; madeo-ere, to be wet, to stream, to be drunk, to be boiled; transf. to be steeped in, abound in; It. matta, f. madwoman, joker [playing card] matto, madman; adj. mad, insane; meta-ae, f. a pyramidal column used as a turning-post or winning-post; any turning-point; a goal, end, boundary; Fr. mater, v. to checkmate [échecs]; to subdue; It. sottomettere, to subdue. Z761, Z1359, Z1647)

MATAN (Z1777)

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MATRA (L. mater, matris, f. mother, source, origin; It. madre, mother; Fr. mère, f. mother; maternel, motherly; R426)

MATRV (R487)

MATRV8 (R459)

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ME (L. me, Acc. and Abl. me; It. me, I; me, myself; in quanto a me, as to me; Fr. me, pron. me, to me, myself. Z122, Z224, N149, N280, N357, N363, N391, N485, N582, Q311, Q360, Q551, R459, R474, R619)

Me (M45)

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MEK (N74, N112, N139, N173, N206, N216, N230, Q311, Q326, Q452, Q521, Q784, Q795, Q806, Q813, Q829 [MeK], Q837, Q863, Q871)

MEK (It. meco, compound pronoun, with me, to me. TC213, Au22)

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MI (It. mi, pers. pron. me, to me, at me; [refl.] myself, to, at myself. M-1, AD-1, L-11, L151)

MIA (Au-1)

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MeTH (L. meto-metere, messui, messum, to reap, move, gather, harvest, to mow down, cut off. M38)

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ME8A (Fr. adj. mauvais, evil, ill; wicked, bad, unpleaant, nasty, wrong, harmful, sharp [language]; il fait mauvais, it's bad weather; Fr. méfier [se] to mistrust; It. muffa, f. must, mold. Q117)

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MEL (L. mel, mellis, n. honey; sweetness, pleasantness; Fr. miel, m. honey; It. miele, honey; mela f. apple, quince)

MELE (Z133, Z224)

MELI (AJ-1)

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MeLeFeR (L. mellifer-fera-ferum, producing honey; malifer-fera, ferum, apple-bearing; It. melato, honeyed, mellifino, adj. melliflous; Fr. adj. mielleux, honeyed.)

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MEN (It. menare, to lead, to take, to deal, to bring; menar le mani, to resort to violence, to come to blows; Fr. mener, to lead, to conduct, to guide, to drive, to steer, to manage [enterprise]; mendier, to beg)

MENA (K131)

MENAS (Z805)

MENE (Z1835, M60)

MENES (N160)

MENAN (K131)

MENeR

MENI

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MENIAR (L. mendico-are and mendicor-ari, dep., to beg, go begging, beg for; It. mendicare; Fr. mendier.N428)

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MENS (L. mens, mentis, f. mind, understanding, intellect; judgment; feelings, disposition, courage; opinion, thoughts, intention, resolve; It. mente, f. mind, intellect, understanding, memory. R349, R359)

MENT

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MER (L. mereo, and mereor, to deserve, earn, obtain, esp. to earn pay as a soldier; serve as a solder; merso-are, to dip in, immerse; Fr. immerger, to immerse; immersion, f. immersion; It. immerger, to immerse; immersione, immersion; K100, L38)

MERE

MERI (Z92, Z317, Z386)

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MERIT

MERITV (L. mereo-ere -ui, itum and mereor-eri-itus, to deserve, earn, obtain; esp. to earn pay as a soldier, serve as a soldier. Hence perft. partic meritus-a-um, deserving; Abl. as adv. merito, deservedly, rightly; It. merito, n. merit; meritare, to merit; Fr. mérite, m. merit, worth; mériter, v. to merit, to deserve; méritoire, adj. deserving, praiseworthy, commendable; R437)

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MERLVM (L. merula-ae, f. a blackbird, a fish, the sea-carp; It. merlo, m. blackbird, [fig. dolt; [fort] battlement; Fr. merle, m. blackbird; see also MARLVM. Z144, Z245, Z470, Z969, Z1016, Z1065, Z1602, Z1832)

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MERS (L. merx, [mers] mercis, f. merchandise, goods, wares; Fr. marchandise, f. merchandise, goods, wares; It. mercanzia, f. merchandise, goods. N194)

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MERSV (L. merso-are, to dip in, immerse. Q326, Q468)

MERSVM

MERSVS (Q294)

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MET 8ACI

MET8A (L. meto, metere, messui, messum; to reap, move, gather harvest; to mow down, cut off; meto-are, to measure off, lay out; metuo, to fear, be afraid; It. mettere, to put, place, to lay, to charge, to use, employ, to compare , to suppose; Fr. mettre, to put, to lay, to place, to set, to put on [clothes]; to devote. Z1216)

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MIA (L. meus-a-um, my, mine. Au-1, Au90)

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MiLaRuS (L. milarius (millarius)-a-um, containing a thousand; It. millanta, adj. a thousdand, a great many; Fr. millier, a thousand, about a thousand; K100)

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MINAS (L. minax-acis, f. projecting, overhanging; transf. threatening. Adv. minaciter, threatening; minor-ari, dep. to jut out, project; transf. to threaten, menace; with dat. adv. from minanter, part. threatenly; minito-are and minitor-ari, dep. to threaten; It. minaccia, threatening; Fr. menace, f. threat, menace; menacer, to threaten, to menace [de, with] TC298)

MINIS (Au30)

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MV (L. moveo, movere, movi, motum, to move, set in motion, stir, to remove, dispossess, dislodge; se movere, and in middle sense, moveri, to move [oneself]; milit., movere signa, movere castra, to march away; to move mentally, influence, affect, excite; to cause a result; to change, shake; politically, to arouse, disturb; It. mo', m. abbr. of modo, way; a mo' di, by way of, as; ma, conj. but, yet, still, why! who knows? ma no! why no! dove ma? where is he? ma che, you don't say! nonsense! muovere, to move, to displace, to stir [up], to drive, lead, to prompt, urge, to raise, vi. to go, to come, to move, to advance; Fr. moi, pron. me, to me; I [sujet] m. self, ego; c'est à moi, it is mine; moi-meme, myself; , pp. mouvoir, to move, to stir; mou, m. lights, lungs. Q521, Q813 )

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MVCI (L. mucus-i, m. mucous matter; mugio-ire, to bellow, low, roar, rumble, groan; It. mogio, adj. crestfallen, downhearted; Fr. moche, adj. pop. rotten, lousy [conduire], shoddy [travail], ugly, dowdy [personne]

MVCVM (Z1578)

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MVLA (L. molo-ere-ui-itum, to grind in a mill; mola-ae, f. a mill-stone; plur., a mill; transf. grits, coarse meal or flour; molaris-e, of a mill, to do with grinding; m. as subst. a millstone, a molar tooth, grinder; mollio-ire, to make soft, plieable, supple, to make gentle or effeminate; to alleviate trouble, to ease a gradient; molior-iri, dep.: transit., to stir, displace, work at; to construct laboriously, build, erect, contrive; to strive after, to destroy laboriously, undermine; intransit., to toil, struggle, exert oneself; moles, pier; mula-ae, f. a female mule; mulus-i, m. a mule; It. molino, m. mill, watermill; mola, f. grindstone, millstone; molare (1) adj. molar; (2) to grind, to bevel; molle (1) tongs f. pl., (2) adj. soft, flabby, wet, weak; mollare, to loosen, to let go, to drop, to give in, yield; molo, m. wharf, pier; mulo, m. mule; L. moles-is, f. a shapeless mass, e.g. of rock; a massive construction, e.g., dam, mole, large building; moles belli, large military machines; transf., a mass of men; greatness, might, power, trouble, difficulty; malacus-a-um, soft, pliable, delicate; Fr. moulin, m. mill; moudre, to grind; moulous, first & second person present singular, I grind, you grind; moulot, third person singular, he/she grinds; mou, molle, m. soft, weak, flabby, lax, spineless [fig]; môle. m. mole, pier, break-water; mouler, to cast, to mould, to found [fer], to fit tightly [robe]; mouiller, to wet, to moisten, to dampen, to cast, to drop [ancre]; mule, f. she-mule; mulet, m. mule. ZA-1, Z1282)

MVLE (Z40)

MVLES (K36)

MVLeS (M19)

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MVLAK (L. mollesco-ere, to become soft, or gentle; molliculus-a-um, soft, tender, effeminate; It. mollica, f. crumb; Fr. mollesse, softness. ZB-2, Z54,Z206, Z805, Z859, Z1049)

MvLAK (Z446, M-1, M24)

MvLAKE (Z463)

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MYNI ( L. munio [moenio]-ire, to build, esp. to build a wall; also to surround with a wall; to fortify, to secure, defend, protect; munitio-onis, f. fortifying, building up paving, bridging; a fortification; munus-eris, an office, function, duty, a charge, tax, service, favor, gift, present, public show, esp. by gladiators publicaly; It. munire, to provide, equip, furnish, supply [with]; Fr. munir, to furnish, supply, to fit, to equip, to provide [de]; to arm, to fortify [mil.]; munis, first and second person Present. K74)

MVNV (M13)

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MVR (L. mora-ae, f. delay, hindrance, any space of time; murus-i, m. a wall, bank or dyke; fig. protection, defence; Fr. mur, m. wall; murer, to wall, block in; mûre, adj. ripe, mellow, mature; It. muro, m. wall. Z1378, Z1600, Z1615)

MVRS (Z692)

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MVRFE (L. Morpheus-eos, m. the god of dreams. APH-18)

MVSEI (L. mos, moris, the will, inclination; morem homini gerere, to humour a person; custom, usage, wont, rule; in plur., ways, conduct, character, morals; Mosa-ae, f. a river in Gaul [now the Meuse]; Musa-ae, f. a muse; a goddess of music, literature and the arts; musaeus-a-um [or museus-a-um] poetical, musical; mus, muris, a mouse or rat; It. mossa, f. move, movement, gesture; essere sulle mosse, to be about [to]; musa, f. Muse, inspiration; muso, muzzle, face, snout, nose; Fr. muse, m. musk, musk-deer, museau, m. muzzle, snout, nose; muser, to idle, to dawdle; Muse, Meuse River, Muse, f. Muse. Q46)

MVSV (Zignago stelae inscription with a female head which reads as follows: ME SVNE MVSV; alt: MESVNE MVSV; L. musso-are, to murmur, mutter, whisper, to keep quiet about a thing; to be at a loss; massa-ae, a lump, boulder; It. masso, m. boulder; Fr. muser, to idle, to dawdle; maison, f. house, firm, home, household, family; masse, f. mass, bulk, heap, crowd)

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MVTIN (L. moveo, movere, movi, motum, to move, set in motion, stir; to remove, disposses, dislodge; to move mentally, influence, affect, excite, to cause a result; to change, shake; politically: to arouse, disturb; muto-are, to move, shift, to change, alter, to exchange, barter, to give or to get one thing in eschange for another; Mutina-ae, f. town in Cisalpine Gaul [now Modena]; It. mouvere, to move; muta, f. change, shift, outfit; pack of hounds, relay of horses; set of sails; Fr. mouvoir, to drive, to propel, to actuate; se mouvoir, to move, to stir; mutin, adj. unruly, mutinous; mutiner, to incite to rebellion; muter, to transfer; mutation, f. change, mutation, alteration, transfer. Z133, Z234)

MVTINVM (Z10)

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NA (L. (1) ne [nae], used before pronouns,: indeed, truly; (2) ne, not, that not, lest; ne...quidem, not even, no...either; It. (1) ne, adv. from there, therefrom, from here; (2) pron. particle, his of [about] him, her, of [about] her; its, of [about] it; their, of [about] them; (3) partitive pron., any, some, none; (4) [pleonastic, not to be translated] me ne vado: I am going away; ne va del mio onore, my honor is at stake; (5) , neg. conj. niether, nor; Fr. (1) , adj. born; il est né, he was born; (2) ne, adv. no, not. ZB-3, Z10, Z40, Z272, Z561, Z568, Z681, Z1080, Z1088, Z1397, Z1591, Z1647, TC28, TC103, TC213, K79, K86, K92, K131, K136, AH-1, N469, J45)

NE (L. (2) ne, not, that not, lest; indeed, truly; Z543, Z918, K113, N417, N647, Q53, Q74, Q84, Q95, Q661, Q692, Q726, Q745, Q821,Q847, R248, R286, R325, R359)

NI (L. ni [nei] and nive, if not, unless; quid ni? why not?; nihil [nil] nothing, nihil non, everything; non nihil, something; nihil, as internal acc., or adv., not at all; It. niente, m. nothing, naught; trifle; non fa niente, it does not matter; adj. no; un uomo da niente, a good-for-nothing; no, adv. no, not; dir di no, to say no; se no, otherwise; Fr. ni, conj. nor, or, neither....nor; ni moi non plus, nor I either; néant, m. nothingness, naught, nullity. Used in phrase, SAC NI CLERI. See SAC. Z386, AU13)

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NAC (L. nascor-i, to be born, to come into existence, arise, be produced; It. nascere, to be born, to spring, sprout, to derive, to originate, preceed; It. nuotare, to swim Fr. naître, to be born; , p.p., naquis, first & second person singular preterite; nato-are, to swim, to float, to stream, flow, to swim with, to be full of [with abl. ]f. pl. of partic., natantes, fish;. nage, swimming, rowing, pulling [naut.]; stroke [natation], nager, to row, to stroke, to swim, to wallow [in opulence], to be all at sea; . Z263, Z432, Z1227, Z1591, Z1623, Au-1, Au55, Au74, L15, AH-3)

NAKFA (Z522, Z905)

NACFS (It. nascesfe, you arose. M32)

NAK ( nascor-i, to be born, to come into existence, arise, be produced; It. nascere, to be born, to spring, sprout, to derive, to originate, preceed. Z887, Q303)

NAI (N100, N112, N469)

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NACRFM (Fr. nacre, f. mother of pearl, nacré, adj. nacreus, pearly; nage, f. swimming, rowing, pulling [naut.], stroke [natration], rowlock, en nage, bathed in perspiration; to tow, to pull, to scull, to swim, to wallow in [opulence], to be all at sea [fam.)

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NA8E (It. nave, f. ship, boat. Fr. navire, m. vessel. Q152)

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NAL (L. naulum-i, fare, passage-money. TC80, TC103, TC236, TC248, TC260, TC271, TC327, TC338, AN31)

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NAM (L. nam, and namque, conj. for. Z1319)

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NANIE (L. naenia = nenia-ae, f. a funeral song, dirge, an incantation, nursery ditty, lullaby; It. f. nenia, dirge. Q53)

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NAPH (Lemnos Script)

NAPHAR L. navo-are, to do energetically; nefas, n. what is contrary to divine command: sin, crime, abomination; per fas et nefas: by fair means or foul; as interj.: monstrous! dreadful; nefarius-a-um, impious, abominable; adv. nefarie; nefastus-a-um, forbidden, unholy; unlucky, sinful, dies nefasti, days on which no public business could be transacted; It. nefasto, adj. ominous, unfortunate; nefando, adj. nefarious, unspeakable; nefandezza, f. nefariousness; Fr. néfast, adj. ill-omened, baneful; ill-fated, pernicious. N184)

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NAPTI (L. neptis-is, a grand-daughter. Z1334)

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NAR (L. narro-are, to make known, to say, speak; naris,-is, nares-ium, the nostrils, nose; gnarus-a-um, act. knowing, aquainted with, expert; pass. known; It. nare, narice, f. nostrile; narrare, to recount, narrate, relate; Fr. narrer, narrate; narine, f. nostril; Note this appears to be a person's name. Z648, AJ-17)

NARA (Q65, Q74, Q95, Q460)

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NAS (L. nascor-i, natos and [gnatus] dep. to be born, to come into existence, arise, be produced; hence, part. natus-a-um, born, naturally, fitted or constituted; pro re nata, under present circumstances; annos prope XC' natus, almose ninety years old; as subst. m. a son; f. a daughter; It. nascere, to be born, to spring, sprout, to derive, to originate, proceed; Fr. naître, to be born, to originate, to begin, to dawn. TC170, TC231, J35, K13, AD-1, AE-1, AK-1, AN-1, AN-12, AN-31, R5)

NATINE (It. nazione, f. nation; Fr. nation, f. nation. Q243, R565)

NATV (L. natio-onis, f. being born, birth; a tribe, a race, people, esp. uncivilized; species, stock, class; TC-61)

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NATVR (L. nature-ae, f. birth, nature, natural qualities or disposition, character; an element, substance, essence; rerum natura nature, the world or universe; It. natura, f. nature; Fr. nature, f. nature, kind, constitution, character, temperament, disposition; naturel, adj. natural, unaffected, native, innate, illegitimate [enfant], m. naturalness, character; naturellement, adv. naturally. R156)

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NAVeS (L. navis-is, f. a ship, vessel, a transport; It. navire, m. ship, vessel; Fr. nave, f. ship boat, vessel; navire, m. ship, vessel)

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NECE (L. neco-are, to kill, slay, put to death; nego-are, to say no, deny, so say that or not to deny a request, refuse to give or do; It. necrologia, f. necrologio, m. obituary; Fr. nécrologe, m. obituary list; nécrologie, f. necrology, obituary)

NEKIE (Z692)

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NEIP (L. ni [nei] and nivi, if not, unless, also in the sense of nei, q.v. quidni? why not? R212)

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NEIR (The nymph Naear; Evadne. Q906)

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NEN (L. nenia, -ae, f. a funeral song, dirge; an incantation, nursery ditty, lullaby; It. nenia, f. dirge)

NENIA

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NEPOS (L. nepos-otis, m. a grandson, a nephew, a descendant, a spendthrift; It. nepote, nipote, m. f. nephew, niece, grandchild, grandson, granddaughter; Fr. neveu, m. nephew)

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NERTRV (L. narrator-oris, a relator, narrator; narratio-onis, f. telling, relating, a narrative; It. narrare, vt., to recount, narrate, relate; narrative, adj. narrative; narratore, m. narrator, storyteller; narrazione, f. naration, story; Fr. narrer, to narrate, to relate, to tell; narrateur-trice, m.f., narrator, relator, teller; narration, f. narration, narrative. N725)

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NERE (Script "F")

NERI (L. Nero-onis, a cognomen in the gens, Claudia; neo, nere, nevi, netum, to spin, to interweave; niger -gra -grum, black, dark-coloured, blackening; bad, unlucky; n. as subst. a black spot; It. nero, m. black, blackness; adj. black, dark; Nerone, m. Nero; Fr. noir, adj. black, dark, gloomy, wicked; noircir, to blacken, to darken, to sully, to besmirch. Z1300, Z1319)

NERIS (Z1300)

NERVNS (Z791, Z851, Z975, Z1013, Z1040)

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NES (L. nescio-ire, not to know, to be ignorant, to fail to recognize; with infin.: to be unable to do; nescio quis, quid, etc., I know not who or what, somebody, something; nasus-i, m. the nose; It. nesci, m. know-nothing; It. naso, m. nose; Fr. nez, m. nose, snout [animaux], nose [bateau]; nez à nez, face to face. K58)

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NETI (It. nettare, vt. to clean, cleanse; netto, adj. clean, net, clear, marked; Fr. net, nette, adj. clean, spotless, clear, plain, distinct; adv. flatly; nettoyer, v. to clean, to clear, to scour, to plunder; It. nettamente, adv. cleanly, markedly, utterly, clearly. Z1088)

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NI (L. ni [nei] and nive, if not, unless; also in the sense of ne, : quid ni? why not?; Fr. ni, conj. nor, or; neither...nor; ni moi non plus, nor I either. See SAC. TC38, L1)

NY (J48)

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NIA (L. nai = ne; ne (nae) used before pronouns, indeed, truly; (2) ne, not, that not, lest; ne...quidem, not even, not...either; (3) -ne (sometimes n') interog., enclitic particle; Fr. nia, third person singular preterite of neir, to deny, to repudiate; L. nego-are, to say no, to deny, to deny a request, refuse to give or do; It. negare, to deny. APH-1)

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NICS (L. nixor-ari, dep. to lean upon, to strive, to strain; nitor, niti, nisus or nixus, dep. (1) to rest, lean, support oneself [on], to trust [in], depend [on] (2) to strive, exert onself, make an effort, of movement: to press on, climb up. Z1265)

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NIF (L. nive = ni, q.v. or neve, niveus-a-um, of snow, snowy; ni (nei) and nive, if not, unless; quid ni? why not?; It. nix, nivis, snow. J43)

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NIVL (L. nihil, nil, nothing; nihil non, everthing; non nihil, something; adv. not at all; Fr. nier, to deny; It. niuno, nessuno, adj. no; pron. nobody, no one, none, any anybody, anyone; nessuna cosa, nothing ; in nessun luogo, nowhere; a nessun patto, by no means. M78)

NIFL (Z606, J43)

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NIMV (L. nimis, very much, too much, excessive; nimius-u-um, very great, too great, excessive, intemperate, immoderate; n. as subst. a great deal, much, also, excess, too much. L71)

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NIS (L. nisi, if not, unless; after negatives and questions, except; nisi quod, except that; nisus [nixus] -us, m. pressing, straining, effort; nitor-oris, m. brilliance, brightness, splendour, glow, elegance; naris-is, f. usually plural, nares-ium, the nostrils, the nose; It. naso, m. nose; Fr. nex, m. nose, snout [animaux] [bateau] Z591)

NISA (L. nissus-a-um, partic. from nitor [nitor, niti, nisus or nixus, dep. (1) to rest, lean, support oneself [on]; to trust [in], depend [on] (2) to strive, exert oneself, make an effort, of movement: to press on, climb up; (AG-1)

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NV (Fr. non, adv.no, not; It. no, adv. no, not; dir di no, to say no; L. no, nare, navi, to swim. Transf. to sail, flow, fly; It. nuotare, to swim; Fr. nager, to swim. M50)

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NVA (It. nove, m. adj. , nine; Fr. neuf, m. adj. nine, ninth; neuf, neuve, adj. new, brand new; L. novem, nine; novo-are, to make new, renew, revive, to change, alter; to invent; novare res, to make a revolution. Z522)

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NVCIS ( L. noceo-ere, to hurt, injure, harm; nocuus-a-um, hurtful, injurious; It. nocivo, adj. harmful, detrimental; nuocere, to be detrimental [to]; nox-noctis, f. night; meton., sleep, darkness, gloom, death; abl. form as adv. noctu, by night; Fr. noce, f. wedding, spree; nocoeur, m. reveller. R447)

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NVMEM (L. nomem-inis, n. a name; nomem Romanum, the Roman power; nomine meo, in my name, on my behalf; It.nome, m. name; fame, repute; nume, m. diety, god; Fr. nom, m. name; nommer, to name, to mention, to appoint. N184)

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NVN (L. non [old forms noenum, noenu] not; non; Fr. non, adv. no, not; It. non, adv. not, no; un non so che, something [indefinable] Z40, Z54, Z150, Z176, Z190, Z206, Z347, Z327, Z357, Z369, Z439, Z446, Z1846, Z1853, Z1869, APH22)

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NVPER (L. nuper, lately, not long ago. R121, R133, R150)

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NVRA (It. nuora, f. daughter-in-law; L. nurus-us, f. a daughter-in-law; any young married woman. TC61)

NVRE (TC201)

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NVRPENER (Possibly a person's name; L. penarius-ium, of or for provisions. R94)

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NVS (L. nos, pl. of ego [ I ]: our; Fr. nos, poss. adj. pl. our; [see also notre]; It. nostro, nostri, nostra, nostre, our. Z133)

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OPI (L. opus-eris, work, labour; work done, finished work, a building, a literary work or a work of art; plur. milit, works, lines, siege engines. L20. L58; Note: "o" = a loop)

OPNEI (L. obnitor-niti-nixus, dep. to press against, strive against, to take up a stand, maintain a firm position, adv. from partic. obnixe, firmly, vigorously. TC461)

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Etruscan phrases6.html

PAF (TC38)

PAFA (L. paveo, pavere, pavi, intransit., to quake with fear, panic; transit, to quake at; Fr. paver, to pave; peur, f. fear, dread, fright; avoir peur, to be afraid; faire peur, to frighten; de peur que, lest; de peur de, for fear of; peureux, adj. fearful; It. paura, f. fear, dread; fright, scare; paventare, to fear, to be afraid. DL-9)

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PAIE (Lemnos Script; see PAYKeS)

PAINIEM (L. paean-anis, m. the healer, a surname of Apollo, hymn, paean; Appenninus-i,, m. the chain of the Appennines. Z591)

PAYKeS (L. pagus-i, m. a village or country district; a canton; paganus-a-um, belonging to a village; It. pago, adj. satisfied, content; paese, n. country; pagar, to pay, to pay for, to reward; Fr. pays, m. country, land, region, fatherland, home, birthplace; mal du pays, homesickness; paysage, m. landscape, scenery; paysan, m. adj. peasant, rustic, countryman; pacage, m. pasture-land, pasturage; payer, to pay, to pay for, to remunerate, to requite, to expiate, to atone for; payer d'audace, to brazen it out)

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PALAS (L. Pallas-adis and ados, f. Athene, the Greek goddess of wisdom; Minerva. Au13)

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PANES (L. penes, prep. with acc. in the possession of, in the power of, belonging to; penes se esse, to be in one's senses; It. panare, vi. to suffer, to find it difficult. AN-12, AN-37)

PANE (L. pango, pangere, panxi, to fasten, fix, drive in; transf. to compose, write; in perf. agree upon; pepigi and supine partum, to fix, settle. N404)

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PANIEM (Possibly refering to Pania, a town near Chiusi; It. pannia, f. time. Z591)

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PANTA (L. pando, pandare, pandi, pansum and passum, (1) to stretch out, spread out, extend; (2) to throw open, lay open, reveal, disclose. Hence partic. passus-a-um, spread out esp. spread out to dry; n. as subst. raisin-wine; pandus-a-um, bent, curved, crooked; pendo, pendere, pependi, pensum; transit., to cause to hang down; to weigh, to pay out money; to weigh, consider, judge, value, esteem; poenas supplicia, to pay a penalty, suffer punishment; intransit., to weight. Hence partic. pensus-a-um, weighed, esteemed, valued, prized; nihil pensis habere, to put no value upon, be indifferent about. N. as subst. pensum-i, wool weighed out to a spinner; hence, a day's work, task, duty. G9, G14)

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PAPEN (L. pappo-are, to eat. L44)

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PARF (Z92)

PAR8AM (L. parvus-a-um, (see also MINMV), little, small, slight, weak; of time: short; of age: young; of value: poor, insignificant; n. as subst. a little. Compar. minor, smaller, less; of time: shorter; of age: minor [natu]; younger, of value, inferior. Superl. minimus, smallest, least; n. as adv. minimum, very little. Rare superl. parvissimus-a-um. N139)

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PATRE (L. pater-tris, m. father, sire; founder, head; plur. patres; It. padre, m. father, pl. forefathers; Fr. père, m. father, sire; pl. forefathers; patria- ae, f. fatherland; It. patria, f. country, fatherland; patrio adj. patrial, paternal; Fr. patrie, f. fatherland, native land, mother country, home. Q53, Q162, Q171, Q209, Q243, Q416)

PATREBVM (R258)

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PAVE (L. paveo, pavere, pavi, intransit. to begin, to quake, take fright,; transit. to be alarmed by)

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PE (see also PI, PV; PE seems to be used as a preposition, for, by; PV may be L. per, prep. with acc.: of space, through, along, over; sometimes before, in the presence of; of time: throughout, during; in the course of, in a time of; of means or instrument: through, by, by means of, with, by way of; of cause: because of, on account of; per me licet, you may as far as I am concerned; in entreaties, oaths, etc., in the name of; It. per, prep. for, by, to, on, from, out of, on account of, through, during, along, towards, in, into, in favor of, as, about to; per natura, by nature; poco, little; con quel po' po' di patrimonio, with such a fortune. Z272, Q33, Q468, Q701, Q763, Q829, Q837, R13, R72, G21, K31)

Pe (TC236, N160, N206, N254, N268, N417, L71)

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PE8eNeS (L. pervenio-venire-veni-ventum, to come through, to arrive at, reach, attain tok be passed to; K20)

PEIA (L. beo-are, to bless, enrich, make happy; beatus-a-um, happy, blessed, prosperous, well off, as a subst.: n. happiness; adv. beate, happily; pellis-is, f. a hide, skin; dressed hide, leather, felt; milit., a hut covered with skins; It. benedire, to bless; bene, m. good, love, gift, blessing, possession, welfare: beni mobill; pelle, f. skin, hide, peel, rind; Fr. bénir, to bless; blessed, adj. béni; peau, f. skin, hide, pelt, leather [animal]; rind, peel, husk [fruit, legume], coating, film [lait])

PEIS (Z1292)

PEIV (See L. malus-a-um, comp. peior-us; peius, superl. pessime, badly, ill. N268)

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PEL (It. pel, comp. prep. for the; see per; It. pelle, f. skin, hide, peel, rind; L. pellis-is, f. a hide, skin, dressed hide, leather, felt; milit. a hut covered with skins; Fr. peau, pellicule, skin f. peler, to peal to skin, to stri. N660, Q500, R270)

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PEMTE (Gr. pente, five)

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PEN (L. penna-ae, f. a feather, a wing; penis-is, m. a tail; It. pena, f. punishment, penalty, pain, ache, distress, pity, trouble, pains: a mala pena; penna, f. feather, pen; Fr. pénal, adj. penal; pénaliser, to penalize; peine, f. punishment, penalty, pain, affliction, grief, sorrow, trouble, difficulty, labour, toil; a peine, hardly, scarcely; faire de la peine à,to hurt, to grieve; être en peine de, to be at a loss to; valoir la peine, to be worthwhile; se donner la peine de, to take the trouble to; sous peine de, under penalty of, under pain of; peiner, to pain, to grieve, to toil, to labour; se peiner, to grieve, to fret; pene, m. bolt, latch; empenner, to feather one's nest. Z1337)

PENA

PENES ( penes, prep. with acc.: in the possession of, in the power of, belonging to; penes se esse, to be in one's senses; poenio, punio, and punior-iri, to punish, avenge. Q253, K86)

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PENSIN ( (L penso-are, to weigh carefully, to estimate, ponder, consider, to counter balance, require, to pay for, purchase one thing with another; It. pensare, to think, to conceive, to intend, to mean, to believe, suppose,to devise, think up, to take care of see that, to mind; Fr. penser, to think, reflect, to consider. Z19)

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PER (L. per, prep. with acc.: of space: through, along, over; sometimes: before, in the presence of; of time: throughout, during, in the course of, in a time of; of means or instrument: through, by, by means of, with, by way of; of cause: because of, on account of; per me licet, you may as far as I am concerened; in entreaties, oaths, etc. in the name of; It. per, prep. for, by, to, on, from, out of, on account of, through, during, along, towards, in, into, in favor of, as, about to, per natura, by nature; Fr. par, prep. by, per, through, from, par exemple, for example. Z26, z1146, Z1378, K136, N-11, N41, N63, N100, N469, N491, N513, N543, N573, N590, N595, N615, N647, N660, N676, N711, Q53, Q117, Q335, Q406, Q424, Q433, Q475, Q512, Q713, R49, R229, R248, R258, R306, R334, R521, K26, K79, K86, K136)

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PERA (L. pareo,-ire-ii and ivi, itum [often as pass. of perdo], to go to waste, be ruined or lost, pass away, perish, die; It. pera, f. pear; perire, to perish, die; Fr. périr, to perish, to die. N404, N444, Q53, Q84, )

PERE (L. pereo-ire-li-ivi-itum, to go to waste, be ruinded or lost, pass away, perish, die; often as pass. of perdo; It. perire, to perish, die; Fr. périr, to perish, to die. Z508, Z1097, N194, R238)

PERI (N689, N725)

PERIReN (L25)

PERIAI (N304)

PERV (R294, R437, R474)

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PERAE (the port, Perae, or its region. R314, R325)

PERAEM (Q500)

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PERK (L pergo, pergere, perga, perrectum, to continue, proceed, go forth. N160)

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PERCE (Fr. percer, to pierce, to bone, to drill, to perforate, to broach, to penetrate, toopen, to become known, to break through, to cut through [crue]; L. pungo, pungere, pupugi, punctum, to prick, puncture, stab, to push, move, penetrate, to sting etc.)

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PERSNIMV (This is part of an ephitet following a name in the Tavola Eugubine; it is spelled both ways and also interchanged with PESNIMV; It. personifcare, to personify; personificazion, f. personification; Fr. personnifier, to personify, to impresonate, to embody. N230, Q726, Q713)

PERSIPHMV (Q847)

PERSNIPHMV (Q737, Q829, Q887, R11, R521, R574, R607, R644)

PESNIMV (N320, N333)

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PERSTV (L. persto -stare-stiti-statum, to stand firm, remain standing, to remain unchanged, last, endure, to stand firm, persist, persevere; It. persistere, to persist; Fr. persister, to persist; R530)

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PERSVN (L. persono-sonare-sonui-sonitum, to resound, sound forth, to shout; to perform upon a musical intrument; transit: to make, resound, to proclaim loudly; persona-ae, f. a mask, esp. as worn by actors; hence role, part, character, personality; personatus-a-um, masked, disguised, counterfeit; It. persona, f. person, fellow body, size; Fr. personne, f. person, body, indef. pron. m., no one, nobody, not anyone. Q784, Q805, Q813, R511)

PERTENTV (L. pertempto-are, to prove, test, try; to weigh, consider, examine, to assail; pertendo, to push on, proceed, continue; It. pertanto, conj. therefore; non pertanto, nevertheless; Fr. pertinent, adj. pertinent, relevant)

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PERV (L. pero-onis, m. a boot of untanned hide; peroro-are, to speak from beginning to end, to plead a cause throughout, explain or state thoroughly; to conclude a speech, wind up, close; pererro-are, to wander through, ramble over, to look over, scan; It. pero, m. pear tree; però, conj. but, yet, still, therefore; perorare, to plead; Fr. perorer, to perorate. J48, R294)

PERVM (N689, N725, Q424)

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PES (L. pes, pedis, m. the foot; translated as "army." TC19, TC38, TC190, TC271, N63, N670, N700)

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PERSNIPHMV; L. pes, pedis, m. the foot; nimis, very much; too much, excessively; nimius-a-um, very great; too great; excessive; intemperate, immoderate. N. as subst. a great deal, much; also excess, too much, R474, R499, R511)

PESNIMV (Person's name/epithet.N21, N290, N320, N444, N529, N553, N598, N632, Q162, Q171, Q194)

PESNIMv (N500, N660)

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PESTV (It. pesto, Genoese sause; adj. crushed, battered; ossa pesta, aching bones; passato, m. past; adj. past, previous, former, withered, faded, overripe, gone by; l'anno passato, last year; Fr. pester, to swear, to rave [contre, at]; pas, (1) m. step, pace, stride, gait, walk; footprint; threshold [seuil]; pass, passage, straits [geog.] thread [vis.]; adv. no; not; faux pas, slip, misstep; (2) adv. not, no, none; passe, f. passing, passage, permit, pass; thrust, pasado [escrime]; situation, predicament, navigable channel [naut]; adv. all right, let it be so; mauvaise passe, bad fix; mot de passe, password; passe-droit, unjust favour, passe-temps, pastime; passé, adj. past, gone, vanished, faded; m. past, passer, to pass, to go, to cross, to die, to pass away, to vanish, to fade, to spend [temps]; to sift [farine]; to strain [liquide]; to put on [vêtement]; to take, to undergo [examen]; to excuse [erreur]; se passer, to happen to take place, to cease, to elapse [temps]; se passer de, to do without, to dispense with, to refrain from. Q183)

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PET (L. peto-ere-ivi-and -li-itum, to make for, got to, to attack, assail, to seek, strive after, to ask for, beg, request, demand after, to ask for, beg, request, demand; polit., to stand for, canvas for; legal, to sue for; sometimes to fetch, derive;TC260)

PETeNA (L. patina-ae, f. a dish; pecten, comb; Pitino, town near San Severino; It. patina, f. film, gloss; petine, m. comb; Fr. peigne, m. comb; patiner, to skate, to skid, to slip. Z1227)

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PETR ( It. pietra, f. stone, pietra da affiliare, whetstone, hone; pietra delle scandalo, shame; Fr. pétrin, m. kneeding-trough; mess; petrir, to knead, to mould; piètre, adj. shabby, paltry, poor, lame, wretched; paitre, to graze, to crop, to feed, to put to grass, to browse, to graze on; pierre, f. stone; pierre à aiguiser, grind stone; pierre à fusil, flint; pierre de taille, free-stone; Gr. petra, rock. Z1854, TC61, TC137)

PETRV (TC-120)

PETRVIS (TC1)

PETRVS (TC38, TC61, TC144, TC190)

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PETRVNIA (L. Petronius-i, name, m. late Romaan gens, esp. of a satirest under Nero; Patronia-ae, f. a protectress, patroness; patronus-i, m. a protector, defender, patron, esp. an advocate in a court of law; It. patrono, m. patron, saint, counsel; Fr., patron, m., patron, protector, master, proprietor, boss, skipper, pattern, mask; R565)

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PEV (Fr. peu, m. little, few, a little, bit; adv. little, few, not veery; peu de chose, mere trifle; peau, pellicule f. skin, hide; L. pellis-is, f. a hide, skin, dressed hide, leather, felt; milit. a hut covered with skins; It. pelle, f. skin hide, peel, rind. TC220, L31)

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PFIA (see PVIA; It. poi, adv. after, afterwards, then, later on, next; Fr. puis, then, afterwards, next, following. Z1780)

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PFNE (L. pugnon-are, to fight, to give battle, to struggle, contend, fight, to strive, exert onself; punio ( poenio)-ire, and punior-iri, to punish, to avenge; J-4)

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PHA (Etruscan goddess; appears in several scripts; AN-20, N638, N670, N738, R56)

PHABAS (L. Phoebus-i, m. Apollo the Sun god; hence subst. Phoebas-adis, f. a priestess of Phoebus, a prophetess; adj. Phoebeius and Phoebeus-a-um, of Phoebus; Phoebe-is, f. the sister of Phoebus, the Moon-goddes, Diana; Some early writeres identified Phoebus Apollo with the ancient sun god Helios. Eos (Dawn) and Selene (moon) were his sisters. Q906)

PHABE (N160, N194)

PHABETV (Q217, Q253, Q263, Q468, Q893, Q899)

PHABIA (R31, R121, R133, R150)

PHABINA

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PHATV (L. fatum-i, an utterance, esp. divine utterance; destiny, fate; Fata, the Parcae or Fates: doom, fate, natural death, misfortune, ruin, calamity; Phaethon-ontis, m. the son of Helios (the sun god) killed trying to drive the chariot of his father; It. fata, f. fairy; Engl. fay, fairy; N112, N428)

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PHER (L. Pharus -[os]-i, f. rarely m., an island off Alexandria with a lighthouse; hence in gen. a lighthouse; It. faro, m. beacon, light, lighthouse; Fr. phare, m. beacon. N206, R40, R56, R72, R619)

PHERI (Z516, N483, N624, Q74, Q84, Q202, Q854, G39)

PHERIE (N100)

PHERIIE

PHERIS (N53, N483)

PHERIS

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PHeTV (L. fetus-a-um, (1) pregnant, fruitful, fertile teeming with, full of (2) that has brought forth, newly delivered; R413, R459, R644)

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PHV (a goddess, N428, Q209)

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PHVBIA (Gr. phobos, fear; It. fobia, f. phobia; note: this appears to be a god's name; Phobos (Gr. panic), a son of Ares and Aphrodite. He and his brother Demius (Gr. fear) were constant companions to their father and often drove his chariot into battle. They figure in myth as personifications of the emotions commonly felt in war. R88)

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PHVCE (L. phoca-ae and phoce, f. a seal. Q784)

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PHVNT (N254, Q899)

PHVNTA (R339)

PHVNTE (L. fontanus-a-um; of a spring or fountain; fons-fontis, m. a spring or fountain; It. f. fonte, spring, fountain, source; Fr. fonte, f. melting, smelting, casting, cast iron, fount. N31, R394, R554)

PHVNTIA (R359)

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PH (person's initial? Z508)

PHVR ( first person singular present, to rage/ be frantic; L. furo-are Z489)

PHVRIE (L. furia-ae, f. usually plur. rage, frenzy, madness, passion; personif., of the mythological Furies, avenging deities; fig., of persons; furio-are, to make furious, madden,; partic. furiatus-a-um, raging; furo-ere, to rage, rave, be mad; often of impassioned persons, to rave, be frantic; furere aliqua, to be madly in love with. Adv. from partic. furenter, furiously; furor-ari, dep. to steal, pilfer; fig., to steal away, withdraw, to counterfeit, impersonate; It. furia, f. fury, wrath, vehemence, hurry; aver furia, to be in a hurry; Fr. fureur, f. fury, rage, passion; faire fureur, to be all the rage; furie, f. fury, rage; furieux, adj. mad, furious, raging. N11)

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PHTA8 (Phthia? The principle city of Phthois or Achaea, the adopted home of Peleus. R554)

PI (L. pius-a-um, dutiful, godly, holy, patriotic, devoted, affectionate; in gen. honest, upright, kind; Fr. pieux, adj. pious, devout; pie, magpie, adj. piebald; It. pio, adj. pious, merciful, charitable. R56)

PIA (L-1, L-11)

PI8IATV (It. piu, m. most; piva, f. bagpipe; Fr. pivot, m. pivot, spindle. N149)

PIPHAS (name; Phthia, chief city of Achaea. N63 )

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PIKVN (This may refer to the people or the Picene region which includes the town of Piceno; L. picus-i, woodpecker; piger-gra-grum, sluggish, unwilling slow; adv. pigre ; (1) pic, m. pick, pickaxe, mountain peak; (2) woodpecker; picorer, to pick; It. piccone, m. pick, pickax; picco, peak; picca, f. spike, spite; Fr. pic, m. pick, pickaxe; peak [montagne]; à pic, steep, sheer, vertical; in the n