Etruscan Phrases – Glossary
by Mel Copeland
(from a work published in 1981)
This glossary of Etruscan words is selected from Indo-European Table 1 which is a map showing the relationships of the wor
ds found in the Etruscan vocabulary.
Because the Etruscan language is frozen in time (~500 B.C.), it is a good reference on the evolution of related Indo-European languages. Just as we now utilize maps of genetic movement through populations, so too can we map the flow of words through populations using a map similar to Table 1.
A major effort is now being exercised in mapping languages. Thus, Table 1 follows, and is a part of, that effort. There are many discoveries in Table 1 which are fascinating and bear further investigation. This glossary augments that work.
What is shown in Table 1 is a map of three Indo-European linguistic strands: an Eastern (Blue), a Middle (Green), and a Western group (Red). The Slavic language group, which is in the main represented in Table 1 by Polish, appears in the "green" zone. Sanskrit, Avestan and Persian I placed in the "blue" zone. What is interesting about Table 1 is that some of the solid "green" and "red" zone languages have words that fall into the "blue," Sanskrit zone. German and Gaelic – including Old English – fall solidly into the (Green) zone, and French, Italian, Etruscan and Latin represent the strongest band in Table 1: the red zone.
This section of the glossary contains words from the following pages of Indo-European Table 1. To ascertain cognates that relate to this glossary click on the appropriate page and scroll alphabetically via the Etruscan word. Glossary is also in Excel format, download – sorted alphabeticaly by the Etruscan words (Etruscan_GlossaryA.xls) is the most complete version. See Etruscan Grammar for Etruscan declension and conjugation patterns, which is the working document used in translating the Etruscan scripts, together with Etruscan_GlossaryA.xls. This Glossary has been updated down to the yellow zone.
|
Names of family, mother, father, etc. & numbers
|
mi through piviato (pi8iato)
|
||
|
A through boris
|
plak through reva (re8a)
|
||
|
ca through kfa (kua)
|
ri through semenies
|
||
|
ci through eos
|
senata through suvera (sv8era)
|
||
|
fac through itis
|
ta, te, ti, tu, table (tafle) through tvtin
|
||
|
la through meva (me8a)
|
oce through vra (8r, 8ra)
|
|
English |
Etruscan |
Location |
|
about, over, superb |
SUPER (SVPER) |
N417, Q805 |
|
about, over, superb |
SUPRO (SVPRV) |
Q661 |
|
about, towards |
ERCE |
BS18 |
|
abrade, scrape off |
APRATO (APRaTV) |
N216 |
|
abundance |
OP (VP) |
Q1, Q65, Q95, Q320, Q335, Q416, N31, R286, Aph29 |
|
accelerate, make quick |
CILeR (to quicken) |
Z317, Z386, Z470, Z701, Z1006, Z1065, Z1662, Z1800 |
|
accelerate, make quick |
CILeReS (you qucken) |
Z290, Z872, Z937, Z999, Z1386, Z1807 |
|
accompany |
KOMITE (KVMITE) (you --) |
Aph-2 |
|
Achaia, Greece |
ACIE |
N149, R219, R238, P-1 |
|
Achaia, Greece |
IKIHI |
T-11 |
|
adopt, to |
ASA (he/she adopts) |
Q424, Q775, R596, R607, R653, Z638, Z1345, Z1784 ; |
|
adopt, to |
ASE (you adopt) |
TC46, Q416, R381 |
|
adorn, embellish |
TECUM (TECVM) (adorned) (see cover) |
Z1615, Au13 |
|
adorn, equip |
ORN (VRN) (I equip) |
ZB-1, Z834 |
|
adult, puberty |
POVE (PV8E) |
N341 |
|
Aecai, name of Trojan hero
|
AECAI
|
DM-6
|
|
aegis, shield |
AEKiS |
Z40 |
|
afraid, to fear, have respect for |
VERIER (8ERIER) (to be afraid) (see true) |
Q278 |
|
after, next |
PUIA (PFIA) |
N294 |
| after, next |
PUIA (PVIA)
|
Z1780
|
| after, next |
PUE (PVE)
|
N294
|
|
afterwards, then?
|
POIA (PVIA)
|
TC144, AH-1, AJ-1
|
|
age, lifetime |
AVETUS (AFETVS) |
HT5 |
|
age, lifetime |
AGE (AbE) |
R248, R334 |
|
age, lifetime |
AGES (AbES) |
R661 |
|
Agememnon
|
ACHMEMNVN
|
DM-6
|
|
ai!, oh! |
AI |
Z530, TC71, TC127,| TC260, Au55 |
|
air |
AIR |
J52 |
|
air, to air, ventilate, dry |
ARE (you dry) |
Z769 |
|
Alexander, Prince of Troy |
ELCHINTRE |
DM-8 |
|
alien |
ALENI |
M45 |
|
allow, to
|
LEIS
|
TC150
|
|
allure, to wheedle
|
LACTH
|
Z516
|
|
alone |
SOLA (SVLA) (see sun) |
Z598 |
|
alone |
SOLO (SVLV) |
Z1161, R49, R65 |
|
altar |
AR (See plow and gold) |
AR-1, NC-4, SM-1 |
|
amber |
GLAS (bLAS) |
Q543 |
|
Ana, name |
ANA |
AJ-19, AO-3 |
|
and
|
ETH
|
M78
|
|
and |
ET |
N216, Q701, Q745, R40, R94, R128, R142, R160, TC1, MS-1 |
|
and also, and indeed |
AC |
Z54, Z432, Z1183, Au-1, TC46 |
| and also, and indeed |
AK
|
Z489, Z508, Z1139
|
|
anger |
IR |
J-4 |
|
anger |
IRI |
Z10, Z54, Z245, Z606, Z1807, AP-1 |
|
angry, to become angry |
IRICER (to grow angry) |
R128 |
|
Anio, river, name |
ANIA |
Z1578 |
|
any, some |
CEI |
Q65, K119, TC290 |
|
anyone, anything |
CILVA (CILFA) |
Z1310 |
|
Aph |
APH, name of goddess |
Z19, Au102, N123, Q433, Q475, R306, R314, R437, R447, R521, R596 |
|
Phabas, Apollo (Phoebus) |
PHABAS |
Q906 |
|
x |
PHABETO (PHABETV) |
Q217, Q253, Q263, Q468, Q893, Q899 |
|
Apronai |
Apronai (name, see Ronai) |
BS-5 |
|
applaud, to strike |
PLATO (PLATV) |
N139 |
|
approve, to |
APRO8 (APRV8) |
N268, N341 |
|
arbitrator, judge |
ARBERTORE (AR8ERTVRE) |
N417, R13, R72, R349, R417, G14, G30 |
|
arc, arch, bow |
ARC |
TC127, TC236, TC260, PL-10 |
|
arcade, covered passage |
IAN (see Janus) |
J20, Aph-1 |
|
Arelis, name (Aurelius) |
ARELIS |
Z963 |
|
Ares, Greek god of war |
ARES |
N529 |
|
Argos, capital of Argolis |
ARCO (ARCV) |
R314 |
|
x |
ARCOS (ARCVS) |
TC-7 |
|
Ariphmus |
ARIPHMO (ARIPHMV), name |
Q53 |
|
Arno, river & gens |
ARNA |
Z737 |
|
x |
ARNO |
AE-1, AN-1 |
|
x |
ARNOI |
AJ-1 |
|
x |
ARNOI (ARNVI) |
Au102 |
|
arrange, to compose, tidy |
KOMA (KVMA) (he/she arranges) |
Q871, R294, R633 |
|
x |
KOMIAU (KVMIA8) |
N505 |
|
x |
KOMO (KVMV) (I arrange) |
N748 |
|
arrow, dart |
PINA |
N357, N363, N738 |
|
x |
PINAU (PINA8) |
N638, N670 |
|
x |
PINAS |
Z1397 |
|
x |
PINE |
Z122 |
|
x |
PINES |
Z92 |
|
x |
PINI |
TC71 |
|
x |
PINIE |
N294 |
|
as, like, in the way of |
COM (CVM) |
N378 |
|
x |
KOM (KVM) |
N-1, N31, N149, N184, N391, N417, Q297, Q303, Q468, Q871 |
|
ascent, steep |
ERTI (ascent) |
R87 |
|
x |
ERTO (ERTV) (steep) |
M78 |
|
Asia |
ASI |
S-1 |
|
x |
ASIA |
N647 |
|
ask, to call upon, demand, pose |
POSC (PVSC) (I demand) |
N505, N563, N638 |
|
ask, to demand |
PROCO (I demand) |
Z1080 |
|
x |
PROKIS (PRVKIS) (you demand) |
Z272 |
|
assemble, collect together |
CU (CF) |
Z234, Au76, Au86 |
|
x |
CUA (CFA) (he/she assembles) |
Z1, Z656, Z784, Z1183 |
|
x |
CUE (CFE) (you assemble) |
Z180, Z336, Z1137, Z1236, J18, Au35, Au49 |
|
Athena, pallas |
PALAS |
Au13 |
|
Athens, Athena |
ATHINEM (of Athens, Athena) |
L-7 |
|
attempt, try |
ATENTO (ATENTV) |
Q263, Q369 |
|
Attis, King Atys, father |
ATE |
N160, N349, Q46 |
|
x |
ATES |
N462, R359 |
|
x |
ATIA |
AN-5 |
|
x |
ATI |
Q-11, AM-5 |
|
x |
ATIE |
BS-16 |
|
Atijeries, Atijerius gens |
ATIIERI |
R-1, R22 |
|
x |
ATIIERIA |
Q11, Q24 |
|
x |
ATIIERIE |
R100, R114, R219, R229, R238; |
|
x |
ATIIERIER |
R405, $114 |
|
x |
ATIIERIES |
Q453 |
|
x |
ATIIERIO (ATIIERIV) |
Q243, R88, R181, R195, R565, G21 |
|
avail, to have influence, pose |
POS (PVS) I pose |
R619, R530 |
|
x |
POSE (PVSE) (you pose) |
N349, Q74, R248, J43 |
|
avoid, to shun |
EFITI (you avoided) |
M19 |
|
x |
EFITOS (EFITVS) (we avoided) |
HA-5 |
|
avoid, to evade |
IFETSvM |
Z812 |
|
Bacchus, Euhan, god of wine |
EUN (EFN) |
M45 |
|
back, behind, rear |
POST (PVST) |
N112, N349, N363, Q183, Q754, R447 |
|
bad, evil |
MAV (MAF) (see unfortunate) |
S-8 |
|
bad, to mistrust |
MEVA (ME8A) (he mistrusts) |
LS-4 |
|
x |
PEIU (PEIV) (badly) |
N268 |
|
badly |
PEIS |
Z1292 |
|
bait, food |
ESA |
LS-4 |
|
Balae, holiday resort |
BALE |
L59 |
|
band, girdle |
PHASEI |
Z180, Z347 |
|
barley |
ORK (VRK) |
Z489, Z508, Z761, TC213 |
|
be, to be |
ES (you are) |
Z347, Z439, Z470, Z561, Z572, Z784, Z1027, Z1378, Z1410, Z1438, TC61, N453, |
|
x |
EST (he/she/it is) |
N469, N607, N638, N676, N767, Q46, Q202, Q209, Q217, Q224, Q311, Q543, |
|
x |
ISONT (ISVNT) (they are) |
R229, R619, R661, K43, Pl-2 |
|
x |
RONT (RVNT) (they will be) |
Q453, J48 |
|
x |
SIM (I am) |
Z-1, Z897, Z1192, Q-1 |
|
x |
SOM (SVM) (I am) |
N522, N582 |
|
x |
SOME (SVME) (we are) |
Q278, R339, R474 |
|
x |
SUNT (SVNT) (they are) |
Q701 |
|
be able, to do |
QISI (you did) |
MS13 |
|
be, place name? |
ESTE (he/she/it is, place name?) |
Q821, R65, R459 |
|
beam |
TRAVE (TRaFE) |
S-50 |
|
bear, to carry |
FERE (you bear) |
Q360, Q369, R487, R574 |
|
x |
FERSOM (FERSVM) |
N462 |
|
beat, cut, to kill |
CAITIM (of the cutting, killing?) |
Z674 |
|
beat, to combat |
PUNE (PFNE) (you combat) |
J-4 |
|
because |
CEIA |
TC56 |
|
become, to be made |
FI (see make, do) |
Z1781 |
|
x |
FIA |
Z606, Z614, Z622, Z629 |
|
before, sooner |
ANT |
AP-1, Au30 |
|
x |
ANTA (See go before, excel) |
Z1780 |
|
before, in front |
PRE |
N435, N469, Q162, R31, R88, L65 |
|
before, in front of, for, like |
PRO (PRV) |
AN-5 |
|
beg, to ask |
PREC (I beg) |
N533, N607, N676 |
|
x |
PREK (I beg) |
(L38) |
|
x |
PRECE (you beg) |
R294 |
|
x |
PRECER (to beg) |
R94 |
|
beginning, origin |
ORS (VRS) |
TC56 |
|
behind, after, next |
POSTE (PVSTE) (see back) |
N647 |
|
behold! |
EC |
Z391 |
|
x |
EK |
R664 |
|
bejeweled |
KAMITO (KAMITV) |
Z103 |
|
belonging to, in power of |
PENES |
Q253, K86 |
|
bellow, roar |
mocum (MVCVM) (roaring?) |
Q674 |
|
bend, to; archon, leader |
ARCAS (you bend, hide) |
Q543 |
|
x |
ARCE (you bend) |
Z1578 |
|
x |
ARCES (you bend?) |
AJ-17 |
|
x |
ARCIA (name, leader, archon) |
N53, Q117, Q521, Q683, R499 |
|
x |
ARCIS |
N31, N290, N320, N341, N500, N529, N561, N598, N632, R278 |
|
x |
ARCIO (ARCIV) (to bend) |
N21, N53, N280, N476, N522, N660, Q65, R370, R457 |
|
x |
ARCAMEN (we bend) |
N63 |
|
x |
ARKANI (archons) |
N304, N333, N543, N582, N632 Q723, R270 |
|
betray, hand over, give up |
TRATI (you handed over) |
R88 |
|
bewail, lament |
CERE (you bewail) |
Q331 |
|
x |
CEREN (they bewail) |
Q871 |
|
x |
CERES (you bewail) |
Z133 |
|
x |
CERI (you bewailed) |
Z665, Z737, Z755, Z769 |
|
bind together, to yoke |
IOKA (IVKA) (he/she binds) |
N505, N563 |
|
x |
IOCE (IVCE) (you bind) |
Z665 |
|
x |
IOCES (IVCES) (you bind) |
Q468 |
|
x |