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Table 1, Section 1E: Indo-European words as they relate to Etruscan. Notes: *Armenian W = West Armenian; E = East Armenian.
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- ta, tad, he, she, it, this
that; ya ta, whoever,
anybody
|
azâne to, at, adj.,
azâne to [n], thy;
azâne somâ, your,
adj. (Persian)
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dawna forma, thy
(Polish)
|
sas (Greek)
jot, yt, jote, yte,
tënd, thy
(Albanian)
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tuus (singular); vester
(plural)
|
dy ('th) (Welsh)
ta, adj., [f], thy, your
(French)
|
thy, your
|
ta, Script Z1334,
Z1397, N357, Q290,
Q320, Q326, Q671,
Aph-3, TC61, S-18
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- tuam, tvam
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somâ, somârâ,
you, pron.
(Persian)
|
pan, pani, ty, wy,
you (Polish)
|
eseis, esy, you
(Greek)
ti, ju, teje [prej], të,
njeriu, pron. you
(Albanian)
|
tu, te, etc.; sing. vos,
etc., plur.
|
chi (chwi), chwithau,
dy ('th), eich ('ch), ti
(Welsh)
te, you, to you (Italian)
te, you, to you, to
thee, to yourself
(French)
|
you, to you
|
te, Script Z1, Z111,
Z284, Z727, Z776,
Z897, Z1192,
Z1265, Z1300,
TC179, M45,
N184, N294, N453,
Q11, Q21, Q33,
Q46, Q209, Q283,
Q521, Q551, Q671,
R40, R49, R56, R72,
R173, R188, R212,
R229, R270, R339,
Au39, L15, BS-7
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- tuam, tvam?
|
azâne to, at, adj.,
azâne to [n], thy;
azâne somâ, your,
adj. (Persian)
|
pan, pani, ty, wy,
you (Polish)
|
eseis, esy, you
(Greek)
ti, ju, teje [prej], të,
njeriu, pron. you
(Albanian)
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vos, etc., plur.
|
chi (chwi); chwychwi,
pron. you yourselves
(Welsh)
vos (Italian)
vous (French)
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you, plural,
possessive?
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Te, Script TC61,
TC71, TC108,
TC170, TC201,
TC260, TC298,
TC327, K74, K86,
AP-1, Au90, N230,
N349, N404, Q806,
R13, R108, R121,
R258, R306, R359, PL-6
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- x
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somâ, somârâ,
you, pron.; azâne
to, at, adj.,
azâne to [n], thy;
azâne somâ, your,
adj. (Persian)
|
pan, pani, ty, wy,
you ; pan sam, sie,
siebie, sobie, ty
sam, yourself
(Polish)
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esy o idios, monos
sou, o eaftos sou
(Greek)
ti, ju, teje [prej], të,
njeriu, pron. you
(Albanian)
|
tibi, 2nd person
personal & reflexive,
Dat., you
|
chi (chwi), chwithau,
dy ('th), eich ('ch), ti
(Welsh)
ti, you, to you,
yourself (Italian)
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you, to you,
yourself
|
ti, Script ZZ84,
Z103, Z300, Z572, Z880, Z945, Z1386,
Z1770, Z1818, K79, AG-1, AK-1, TC41, TC46, Au85
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- x
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somâ, somârâ,
you, pron. azâne
to, at, adj.,
azâne to [n], thy;
azâne somâ, your,
adj. (Persian)
|
panski, twoj, wasz,
your (Polish_
|
juaj, tënd, yt, i
njeriut, tipik, your,
pron. (Albanian)
|
tu, 2nd person pers. &
reflex., Nom., you;
tui, 2nd person pers. &
reflex. Gen., you
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chi (chwi), chwithau,
dy ('th), eich ('ch), ti
(Welsh)
tu, pers. pron. you,
thou, sing.
tuo, tuoi, adj. poss.
your, thy, yours, sing.
pl. (Italian)
tu, pers. pron., you;
toi, pers. pron. you,
possessive; ton, poss.
adj. [m] (f. ta, pl. tes)
your, thine (French)
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you, your
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tu, Script Z656?,
TC161, TC108,
TC170, TC201,
N149, N160, N230,
N244, N254, N417,
N522, N582, N748,
Q53, Q65, Q74,
Q95, Q107, Q171,
Q217, Q224, Q273,
Q311, Q351, Q406,
Q442, Q460, Q754,
Q899, R49, R65,
R128, R173, R188,
R212, R314, R370,
R394, R426, R447,
R459, R521, R530,
R596, R607, R619,
R633, R653,
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- tvaa, unto you;
tvaaM, to you;
tvai, with
regard to thee
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W-tun; E-Du. (Armenian)
tvêm [tûm], thou (Avestan)
somâ, somârâ,
you, pron. azâne
to, at, adj.,
azâne to [n], thy;
azâne somâ, your,
adj. (Persian)
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tebe, tebi, ti,
vama, vas, vi
(Serbo-Croatian)
pan, pani, ty, wy,
you (Polish)
ty [sing.], vy [pl.]
Belarus)
tu, thou (Baltic
Sudovian)
tu (Baltic
Lithuanian)
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eseis, esy (Greek)
tri, ju, teje, te,
njeriu (Albanian)
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tu, ta, te, tibi
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chi (chwi), chwithau,
dy ('th), eich ('ch), ti
(Welsh)
agaibh, chugad, to you,
s.; sibh, ye; té [f], t',
thy; tu and tù, tus,
thusa (Scott)
da, te (Breton)
ta, tu, toi, te,ton, tes
(French)
tu, tuo, tuoi, vi (Italian)
tu, thou (Tocharian)
tuk (Hittite)
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you, to you
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tv (tu), te,
Te, See above
|
- vaH
|
tava [tûm], of
thee, thwa [-]
thwat [tûm]
(thee) thwat
[tûm] ve (Avestan)
azâne somâ, your,
adj. (Persian)
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panski, twoj, wasz,
your (Polish)
_jusun, your
(Baltic-Sudovian)
|
dikos sas
(Greek)
juaj, tënd, yt,
injerint, tirik
(Albanian)
|
tibi
|
chi (chwi), chwithau,
dy ('th), eich ('ch), ti
(Welsh)
bhur, bhur n- (Scott)
da (Breton)
ve (Italian)
ta, tes, votres,
vos (French)
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your, yours
|
ti, ta? See above
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- bhArman, support,
board, table; paTTaka
[f], plate, tablet, cloth,
bandage, document;
phalaka, adj. result,
advantage, halaka [n],
tablet, board, a
wooden bench, palm
of the hand, shield
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miz,xân, xorâk,
table [n]; taxte,
lowhe, tablet [n]
(Persian)
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tabletka, tablica,
tablet (Polish)
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trapezi, bazo sto
trapezi, table;
chapi, pinakida,
tablet
(Greek)
tryezë, tavolinë,
tryezë, e shtruar,
ushqim, tabelë,
shesh, rrafshnaltë,
table [n] (Albanian)
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tabella-ae [f], tablet,
flat board, document,
letter, record
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bord-ydd-au [f], table,
board; tabl-au [m],
table; tafle-nau-ni [f],
table, list, leaflet
(Welsh)
tabella [f] table, list
tavola [f] tavolo [m],
table, board, plate
(Italian)
table [f] (French)
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table, tablet, board
[<OE bord]
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table (ta8le),
Script Q107
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- x
|
x
|
x
|
x
|
x
|
x
|
Tages, Etruscan
god
|
Tages, Script N320,
N353, N444, N660;
Q863, R278, R607
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- pUy, pUyati, to
become foul or putrid,
stink; [f], dirty, foul,
timid, shy [n. m.], dirt,
timidity, shyness
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nâpâk, cerkin,
palid, adj., palid
[n], foul (Persian)
|
faul,
niedozwolony,
nieprzepisowy,
wstretny, foul (Polish)
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epithetikos,
prosblitikos,
offensive (Greek)
i pistë, i ndyrë, i
urryer, i zënë
[oxhak], i
turpshëm, i
padrejtë, adj. foul
(Albanian)
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taeter-tra-trum
|
afiach, adj. unwell,
unhealthy, sick, dirty,
foul, unwholesome,
noxious; amhur
(amhurol, amur), adj.,
impure, foul, unclean;
budr (budur), adj.
dirty, filthy, nasty,
vile, foul; aflan, adj.
unclean, polluted, foul
(Welsh)
sporco, immondo,
torbido, fedtido,
infetto, brutto, adj. foul
(Italian)
immonde, souillé,
odieux, infâme,
bourbeux [water], adj.
(French)
|
foul [<OE ful], hideous,
offensive,
abominable
|
TAITeR,
Script Z421
|
- sama, adj., even,
smooth, parallel; like,
equal to
|
conin, yekconin,
ingune, such, adv.,
pron.; mânand,
hamânand, yeksân,
adv. mânand,
yeksân [n], similar
(Persian)
|
podobny, taki, ten,
such (Polish)
|
omoios, similar;
tetoios, such
(Greek)
kaq, i tillë, such,
adj. (Albanian)
|
talis-e, of such a kind,
such
|
cyfryw, adj. like, such
cyffelyb, adj. like,
similar (Welsh)
tale, adj., pron. (Italian)
tel, telle, adj., pron.
(French)
|
such, like, similar,
same, such a one
|
tal, Script TC161
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- vairayAtanA [f],
requital of enmity,
retaliation; pratikAra
[m], requital,
retaliation,
counteraction, remedy;
pratikriyA [f],
requital, retaliation,
defence, remedy
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tuzes, retaliation
(Persian)
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ktos, someone
(Polish)
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antekdikisi (Greek)
shpagim, shpagë,
retaliation;
dikush, ndonjëri,
dicka, someone,
pron.(Albanian)
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talo-onis [f], retaliation
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ad-daledigaeth-au
[m.f.], ad-daliad-au
[m], retribution,
recompense,
retaliation; rhywun
[m], someone (Welsh)
taluno, adj. pron.
someone (Italian)
talion [m], retaliation,
(French)
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retaliation?
someone?
|
talena, Script
Q33, Q46
|
- tamah, tamas.h
(darkness, m.)
|
tars, bim [n],
tarsidan, to fear;
târik, adj. [n], dark
(Persian)
|
potamniti (Serbo
Croatian)
ciemnosc,
darkness, gloom;
przygnebienie,
gloom; hanba,
hanbic znieslawic,
dishonor (Polish)
dumas, dark;
tamsa, gloomy
(Baltic-Sudovian)
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atimia (Greek)
errësirë, dishonour,
trishtim, mërzi,
gloom (Albanian)
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temero-are
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caddugo, tywyllu, to
darken, obscure;
anharddu, to defile,
disfigure; amharchu, to
disrespect, dishonour,
disparage; caddug [m],
gwyll-ion [m], prudd
der [m], gloom;
tristwch-au [m],
sadness, sorrow
(Welsh)
oscurare, to darken;
disonore, to dishonor;
timore [m], fear, dread
(Italian)
obscur, sombre, adj.
dark; obscurcir, noircir,
to darken; déshonneur,
to dishonour; timoré,
adj. timorous; triste,
sadness, gloom
(French)
neku, to get dark,
tamas, to torment
(Hittite)
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to darken [<OE
deorc], defile [<Fr.
défiler],
dishonour [<Lat.
honoro-are, to
honour]
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tame, Script L31
tamir, L84;
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- x
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x
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x
|
x
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x
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x
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Tanaquil, Etruscan
Queen; an expert in divination, wife of Tarquin Priscus the Elder, 5th king of Rome
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Thanchuilus,
Thanchoilos,
(Thanchvilvs),
Script A-1
|
- Astara [m], spread,
couch, carpet, cushion,
coverlet
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pârceye pardeyi,
pardye
qâlicenemâ,
tapestry [n]; qâlice
[n], rug; qâli [n],
fars kardan, to
carpet (Persian)
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dywan, carpet
(Polish)
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chali, carpet; chali,
tapetsaria, tapestry
(Greek)
sixhade, tapiceri,
tapestry [n]
(Albanian)
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tapeta-ae [m]
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brycan (brecan)-au
[m.f.], blanket, rug
carped-au-i [m], carpet
hugan-au [f], cloak,
covering, rug (Welsh)
tapppezzeria [f]
(Italian)
tapis [m] (French)
tabahaza, air (Lycian)
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tapestry [<Gk.
tapes, carpet],
carpet [<OItal.
carpita], rug [<of
Scan. origin]
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tapis, Script Q893
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- viha, air, the sky;
abhra [m], rain-cloud,
sky; AzA [f], space,
region, quarter of the
sky; Varuna, sky-god
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ashnô [ashan]
(Avestan)
âsmân, sepehr,
sky [n]; âsmân,
behest, minu,
heaven [n]; abr,
miq, cloud; havâ,
bâd, vây, air [n]
(Persian)
|
niebiosa, niebo,
sky (Polish)
niabiosy, nieba,
(Belarus)
|
ouranos, sky,
heaven; Uranus,
sky-god; aeras,
yfos, air (Greek)
qiell, parajsë
(Albanian)
|
caelum-i, heaven, sky,
air, climate
|
awyr [f], wybr-au [f],
sky, ffurfafen
nau [f], nwyfre [m],
firmament, sky; celi
[m], heaven, god
(Welsh)
athar; nèamh, sky,
heaven; speur (Scott)
cielo [m]; nube [f],
cloud (Italian)
ciel [m]; nuage [m],
cloud (French)
tabahaza (Lycian)
nepis, sky (Hittite)
|
sky [<ON sky,
cloud], air
[<Gk.aer], heaven
[<OE heofan]
|
tapis? Script Q893
|
- tavAgA, strong, huge
(bull); saurabheya, [m,
f.], bull, cow.
|
gava, cow, bull
staora [-] m. beast,
draft animal, steer
(Avestan)
gâve nar, bull [n]
(Persian)
|
byk, samiec, bull (Polish)
lanikis (Baltic
Sudovian)
|
tavros, psemata
(Greek)
dem, mashkull,
bulë (Albanian)
|
taurus-i [m]
|
tarw (teirw) [m], bull
(Welsh)
tarbh [m] (Scott)
toro [m] (Italian)
taureau [m] (French)
wawa, a bull (Hittite)
|
bull, [<ON boli]
steer [<OE steor]
|
tar, Script Z10,
Z150, M-1
|
- tavAgA, strong, huge
(bull); saurabheya, [m,
f.], bull, cow.
|
gâv, mâdegâv, cow
(Persian)
|
krowa, zastraszyc,
cow; byk, samiec,
bull (Polish)
|
agelada, cow;
tavros, psemata
(Greek)
lopë, cow
(Albanian)
|
taurus-i [m], bull;
vacca-ae [f], a cow
|
tarw (teirw) [m], bull
buwch (buchod) [f],
cow (Welsh)
taurino [m] bull-like;
mucca [f], cow
(Italian)
taureau [m], bull; vache
[f], cow (French)
|
cow [<OE cu]-like
|
Tarina, Script
N173, N184; see
Note (5)
|
- x
|
x
|
x
|
x
|
Tarquini-orum, [m.pl],
an old town in Etruria,
whence came the
Tarquin family,
including two kings of
Rome
|
x
|
the Tarquins, a
gens of kings that
founded Rome
|
Tarkie, Script DL-10;
Tarkonos,
Tarkunus)
(Tarkvnvs),
Script DL-6; see Note (4)
|
- tim, timyati, to
become quiet; il {ilati},
come, {ilayati}, be
quiet, not budge; rati
[f], rest, repose, quiet,
comfort, pleasure,
sexual intercourse; tuS,
tuSyati, to become
quiet, satisfied,
pleased
|
ârâmes, âsâyes,
xâmusi, quiet [n];
ârâm, xâmus,
biârâmes, still, adj.
(Persian)
|
cichy, cisza,
lagodny, skromny,
spokoj, spokojny,
uspokoic sie, quiet;
cichy, milczacy,
silent (Polish)
|
siopilos, siopiros,
tacit; boubos,
afonos, silent
(Greek)
qetësoj, resht, to be
quiet; heshtje,
qetësi, quiet [n]
(Albanian)
|
taceo-ere-itum
|
distewi, to be silent,
calm, quiet; tawedog,
adj. silent, taciturn,
reticent (Welsh)
tacere (Italian)
tacite, adj. tacit
(French)
|
to be silent [<Lat.|
sileo -ere -ui], still
[<OE still],
quiet [<Lat.
quietus-a-um]
|
tas, Script
Z1168, Au30
|
- RNin, adj., indebted,
obliged [m],. a debtor;
saRNa, adj., having
debts, indebted; RNa,
adj., guilty [n], guilt,
debt, obligation,
RNadhAray, to be
indebted to
|
bedehkâr budan,
bedehi dâstan, to
owe (Persian)
|
byc dluznym,
zawdzieczac, owe;
odwrocic, zmienic
kierunek, divert
(Polish)
|
ektrepo,
diaskedazo, to
divert (Greek)
devijoj (Albanian)
|
debeo-ere -ui-itum; to owe
deveho-vehere-vexi-vectum, to carry away or down; pass. devehi (ac. navi) to sail
|
dylu, should, ought to,
owe, infatuate;
dyled -ion [f],
debt, obligation,
debit, duty (Welsh)
devere (Italian)
devoir (French)
|
to owe [<OE ule]
to carry away or down
|
teb (te8),
Script N95;
tebe (te8e), Script
N139, Q224
tebra (te8ra),
Script Q500, R474;
tevre (te8re), Script
N638;
tebri (te8ri), Script
N676
|
|
dhvan, to cover; khan, khanati, -te, to
dig, dig up, delve,
bury; dhA, dadhAti,
dhatte; dadhati, -te,to
put, set, lay, think of,
cause, bear, set upon
(esp. the fire), hide,
conceal, cover, cause
to be laid in, shut up
|
nikañte [ni-kan],
to bury; daxma [-],
grave (Avestan)
puses [n],
pusândan,
pusidan, to cover;
bexâk sepordan, to
bury (Persian)
be-dap
(Yagnobian)
|
pochowac,
pogrzebac,
zakopac, bury;
celowac, koperta,
okladka,okryc,
okrycie, oslonic,
pokrowiec,
pokryc, pokrycie,
polisa, powlec,
przkryc, cover
(Polish)
enkapt, to bury
(Baltic-Sudovian)
|
thabo, to bury;
kalypto, kalypsi,
to cover (Greek)
varros, gropos, fus,
rras, to bury;
maskim, mbulim,
cover; mbuloj, to
cover (Albanian)
|
tego, tegere, texi,
tectum, to cover, bury
fossa-ae [f] ditch,
trench, channel;
decoro-are, to
embellish, beautify,
adorn; tectorius
i-um, plaster, stucco,
fresco,
|
anhuddo, to cover,
engulf; gordoi, to
overspread, cover
toi, to cover, roof, thatch (Welsh)
teagair, va. collect,
supply, cover,
protect, shelter;
teagar [m] provision;
teagaisg, va. to
teach, instruct;
teagasgair [m]
teacher (Scott)
sepillire,
sotterrare, to bury;
coprire, celare, to
cover; mascherare,
vt. to mask; fosse
[f] pit, hole, grave
tacere, to say nothing, be tacit (Italian)
enterer, to bury;
couvrir, to cover;
masquer, to cover,
conceal; fosse [f]
pit, hole, trench,
grave, lion's den;
tacite, adj. tacit
(French)
tekan, takama, ground
(Hittite)
|
to cover [<Lat.
cooperire, to cover
completely], to
bury [<OE
brygan], to conceal,
to mask [<Ital.
maschera], to
shield, protect;
|
tec, Script Z111,
Z122, Z214, TC266
TeC, S-1;
THeK, Script M74,
tece, Script AL-8,
Tekeias, Script Q-1
Tekories (Tekvries)
Script Q-1
|
|
x
|
x
|
x
|
gypsos,
asbestono,
sobatizo, plaster
(Greek)
|
decuria-ae [f], a body
of ten men, jurors;
tectorius-a-um, plaster,
stucco
|
x
|
name?
|
Tekories (Tekvries),
Script Q-1, name:
Tekeias Tekories
|
|
zubhay, zubhayati, to
adorn; maND,
maNDayati, to deck,
adorn, embellish,
glorify; Rc, arcati, to
beam, shine, sing,
praise, honour, adorn
|
ârâyes, âzinbandi,
âzin, decoration
[n]; ârâstan,
pirâstan, to adorn
(Persian)
|
dekorowac,
odnowic, ozdobic,
decorate (Polish)
|
kosmo, stolizo, to
adorn; diakosmo,
to decorate (Greek)
zbukuroj, stolis, to
adorn; dekoroj,
zbukuroj, to
decorate (Albanian)
|
decoro-are
|
arwisgo, to enrobe,
array, invest, decorage
(Welsh)
addurno, to adorn,
decorate, grace,
illuminate (Welsh)
decorare (Italian)
décorer (French)
|
to embellish
[<OFr. embellir],
adorn [<Lat.
adorno-are]
|
tecum, Script
Z1615, Au13; see Note (1)
|
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dasha
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dasa [dasan] (Avestan)
dah (Persian)
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deset (Serbo
Croation)
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deka (Greek)
dhjetë
(Albanian)
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decem
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deich, ten;
deicheamh, tenth
(Scott)
deg-au [m] (Welsh)
dek (Breton)
dieci (Italian)
dix, (French)
s'äk, s'ek
(Tocharian)
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ten [<OE tien]
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tecum (tecvm)?
Script Z1615, Au13
tikam (ticham)?
R286
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AdhRSe, to attack
or defy; dhRS,
dhRSNoti, dharSati, to
be bold, dare or
venture, defy, attack,
injure, violate, conquer
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mobâreze xâhi [n];
bejang xândan,
sârânidan, to
challenge (Persian)
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przeciwstawiac sie,
stawiac opor, defy;
rzucic wyzwanie,
wyzwanie,
challenge (Polish)
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apsifo, to deny;
tulmo, prokalo,
proklisi, to
dare, challenge
(Greek)
sridoj, to challenge
(Albanian)
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provoco-are
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beiddio, to dare,
presume, defy (Welsh)
deò (Scott)
sfidare (Italian)
défier, to defy,
dare, challenge;
défi, [m] (French)
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to defy [<OFr.
desfier], challenge,
dare [<OE durran]
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tev (tef) Script
AN20;
deviv, Script K136
(probably revio (L.
reveho-vehere -vexi
-vectum)
ride back, sail back
the last three words
of K136)
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iisha divi, in heaven
divya devaaya, divine
deva, devaM, God
devataa, devi, goddess;
Bhaga, among the
dieties of the highest
sphere; sometimes
another expression of
god in the Rig Veda.
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daêum [daêva],
god, devil
daêvi [daêvî],
female daêva
ahura, ahura
mazdâ [-]
(Avestan)
Xodâ, Izad,
Parvardegâr, God
(Persian)
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bog, god bogina,
goddess
(Serbo-Croatian)
bog, bostwo, god
(Polish)
boh [m] (Belarus)
deivas, God,
father of light
(Baltic-Sudovian)
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Zeus, light;
théos, a god
(Greek)
nyjni, zot,
perëndi
(Albanian)
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deus, divus,
numen divinum
[m], di [dii],
divi, numina;
caelestes,
supers, dea,
diva [f]
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celi [m], heaven, god;
duw-iau [m], god, diety
dofydd [m]; duwies-au
[f], goddess, nymph
(Welsh)
dia, Dia, a god, God;
diadhair, divine (Scott)
doue (Breton)
dio [m], god; dea [f]
goddess; (Italian)
dieu [m], dieux, pl. god;
deesse [f], goddess
(French)
divi, a god,
divNali,
divine (Lydian)
zbali, a deity,
zusi, Zeus (Lycian)
siwali, a diety, siu,
siun, a god
(Hittite)
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god [<OE god], goddess
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tei, Script
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