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Table 1, Section 1A: Indo-European words as they relate to Etruscan. Notes: *Armenian W = West Armenian; E = East Armenian.
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kas
|
ka, kahe, who
(Avestan)
ke, ce kasi, who;
ke, kodâm,
which; ce,
kodâm, ânce,
what (Persian)
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chto, pron. who;
cyj, pron. whose
sto, pron. what
(Belarus)
ka, what (Baltic
Sudovian)
kas (Lithuanian)
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o opios, who; pou,
poios, which; ti,
puios, which; poia,
poio, what (Greek)
kush, who, qe, that (Albanian)
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quae or qua
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pwy, sawl, a, who;
pa, a, which; a, hwnnw
(honno [f]), that; hwn
(hon [f]), this; beth, pa,
what (Welsh)
ci, who; ce, che,
quello, quella, cio, that
(Italian)
qui, who, c' that, they,
these, those, which
what (French)
kuse, Tocharian
kuis (Hittite)
|
who? which, what
(interrog.)
whoever,
whichever
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ca, Script N74,
Q468, Q488, Au35;
BS-9
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saMvRta, concealed,
kept secret, cautious;
yat, yatati, -te, to join,
connect, unite; take
pains, be cautious or
careful; prayatnavant,
assiduous, careful
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âgâhi, ehtiyât,
caution [n];
âgâhânidan, to
be cautious
(Persian)
|
asciarozznasc [f],
caution, care,
prudence (Belarus)
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prosochi,
profylaxi,
proeidopoio,
caution (Greek)
maturi, kujdes,
paralajmërim, njeri
argëtues [fj.fol.],
caution (Albanian)
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caveo, cavere, cavi,
cautum
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gochelgarwch [m]
wariness, caution
(Welsh)
cautela, caution [f]
(Italian)
caution [f]; avertir
(French)
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to be on one's
guard
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cave (ca8e),
Script N41, N553,
N624;
caver (ca8er), Script
N483;
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rASTrabhedin [m],
rebel
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x
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bunt, buntowac
sie, powstanie,
rewolta, revolt
(Polish)
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x
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deficio-ficere -feci
fectum, to do less than
one might, to fail;
revolt, rebel, to fail
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gwrthryfela, to revolt
(Welsh)
rivoltare, to revolt
(Italian)
révolter, cabrer,
(French)
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to rear, to shy, to
buck, to revolt
[<Lat. revolvo
volvere -volvi
volutum],
kick
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kabro (ka8rv),
Script Q162;
cabro (ca8rv), Script
Q232
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guNth, guNthayati, to
veil, conceal, hide,
cover; chada, pp.
channa, to cover, veil,
hide, conceal, keep
secret
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kur, nâbinâ,
târik, blind, adj.
xik, hide [n];
penhân kardan,
to hide (Persian)
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chavac, kryc, to
hide; slapy, adj.
blind (Belarus)
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tyflos, grilia,
tyflono, blind;
apokrypto, conceal
(Greek)
fsheh, mbaj të
fshehtë, zhduk, fut,
to hide; verboj,
qorroj, to blind
(Albanian)
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caeco-are
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celu, to hide, conceal,
cloak, dissemble;
cuddio, to hide,
conceal, cloak, mask;
dirgelu, to secret,
conceal, hide; llechu, to
hide, shelter, lurk,
skulk; dallu, to blind,
dazzle, daze (Welsh)
nascondere, to hide
(Italian)
cacher, to hide, conceal
(French)
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to make blind?
hide?
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cace, Script M8
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x
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kodâm, har kas, any, adj., ce, adv.; barxi, andaki, yekcand, adj., andaki, pron., some (Persian)
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chto, pron. who;
cyj, pron. whose
sto, pron. what
(Belarus)
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o opoios, poios,
who; kapoios,
merikoi, peripou,
some (Greek)
dicka, adv., cilido,
ndonjë, kushdo,
pron. any; kush,
cili, who; i cili, që,
who, conj. , cili,
kush, që, which,;
ai; ajo; ky; atë;
kjo; i cili; e cila;
që; kush, that,
pron. (Albanian)
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quae
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dim, peth, rhyw, un,
adj., unrhyw, adv. any;
peth, rhai, rhyw, adj.,
some; (Welsh)
alcuno, alcuni,
qualche, any; chi, who;
che, that (Italian)
quelque, du, de, des, de
la, en, quiconque,
aucun, nul, personne,
any; quelque, certain,
du, de la, de l', des,
queques-uns, some;
qui, que, who, which
(French)
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any [<OE aenig],
some [<OE sum];
relat. who, which,
what, that
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cai, Script R80
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x
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x
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x
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x
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fosse, canal, channel
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It., canale, f. canal, channel;
Fr. canal, f. canal.
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Chaina, person's
name?, canal?
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Kaina, Script AB-1;
Caina, Script NC-3
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ucchedanIya, adj. to be cut off
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boridan, cidan,
zadan, to cut
(Persian)
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scinac, sciac, cut
off, cut down
(Belarus)
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niko, ypertero,
ktypo, beat; kobo,
tomi, cut; (Greek)
godas, rrah, godit,
fishkullon (era),
farkëtoj, perziej
(brumë), lodh,
mundoj, to beat; kadencë [muz.]
(Albanian)
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caedo, cadere, cecidi,
caetim
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lladd, to kill, slay,
slaughter, cut; toli, to
reduce, cut, deduct;
torri, to break, cut,
facture, hack, hew,
crop, dig, write; coedio,
to timber, beat, club,
escape, run away
(Welsh)
cadenza [f], cadence,
rhythm (Italian)
cadence [f], cadence
(French)
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to cut, to beat, kill
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caitim, Script Z674
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zabda [m], sound, cry,
noise, call, word,
speech, sacered
syllable Om, name,
title; zabdaM kR rasie
the voice, call aloud;
AzAvaNa [n], call
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bâng zadan,
xândan, telefon
kardan;
farâxândan, to
summon
(Persian)
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klikac, kliknuc, to
call; nazyvac,
nazvac, call, name
(Belarus)
preivaket
(Baltic-Sudovian)
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tilafono, zitisi
(Greek)
bërtas, ftoj, thërras,
cartoj, them,
konsideroj
britmë, kërkesë,
thirrje, bisedë,
telefonike, to call;
bej thirrje, thërras,
thërres, to summon
(Albanian)
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calo-are
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galw, to call, name, dub, convene, hail (Welsh)
chiamare, gridare,
convocare, richiamare
(Italian)
appeler, convoquer
(French)
harti, (hittite)
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to call [<ON
kalla], summon
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CAL, Script Z1408;
CaLA, Script Z463,
Z540, Z1408;
CaLa, Script K46,
AH-7;
KALA, Script L38,
N149, Q737, R542;
KaLaS, Script N533;
KaLE, Script R114;
KaLV, Script Q369,
Q388, R56, R108,
R121, R133, R150,
G-1
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binduka [m], drop;
cyut, cyotati, to drop,
sprinkle' gal, galati, pp.
galita, drip, drop, fall,
vanish, pass away,
gAlayati, cause to
drop, liquify, melt
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ceke, âviz, [n], cekidan, to drop (Persian)
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puskac, to drop;
upadak [m], fall,
drop, collapse
(Belarus)
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stagona, afino na
pesi, ptosi, drop
(Greek)
pakësohem, ulem,
zvogëloj, to
decrease; ul, zbres,
pakësoj, poshtëroj,
vrenjtet, lower
(Albanian)
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deicere, to drop
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disgyn, to descend,
alight, dismount, light,
fall, drop, devolve, let
down; gollwng, to
drop, loose, let go,
absolve, discharge,
dismiss, leak (Welsh)
calare (Italian)
tomber (French)
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to lower, strike,
descend upon,
decline, set,
drop, decrease
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KALI, Script Q360
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x
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x
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x
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x
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callosus, hard skinned, solid
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callosita, callous (Italian)
calleux, callous, hard
(French)
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name? callous,
hard skinned?
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calos (calvs),
Script M-1
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nikuJja [m], thicket,
bower, vault; nAka
[m], celestial vault,
heaven, sky;
nabhastala [tala, place,
like the palm of the
hand] celestial vault;
apavAraka, bed
chamber; bhUmigRha,
an underground
chamber; vezman, n.
dwelling, house,
chamber.
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sardâbe, gonbad,
sandog, vault
[n]' otâq, xâbgâh,
kade, chamber
[n], (Persian)
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grobowiec,
piwnica,
sklepienie, vault;
izba, komora,
pokoj, sala,
chamber (Polish)
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aithousa, thalamos,
chamber (Greek)
kube, kupolë, kupë
qiellore, qemer,
kërcim, zgavër
[anat.] dhomë
[polit.], dhomëz
[anat.], chamber
(Albanian)
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camera-ae [f]
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beddgell (oedd [f]],
vault, catacomb, cell
(oedd-au [f]), siambr
[f], ystafell (oedd [f]),
chamber (Welsh)
camera [f] room,
chamber (Italian)
camériste [f], chamber
maid (French)
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vaulted chamber
[<LLat. camera
ae], vault?
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CaMaReM,
Script M-74
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zvas, zvasiti, zvasati,
te, blow, bluster, hiss,
whistle, snort, breathe,
sigh; lap, lapAta (-te),
chatter, prate, talk,
lament, wail; kaj,
kUjati, -te, make
inarticulate sounds,
cry, sing, moan, groan
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nâle, groaning,
sigh; nâlidan, to
sigh, groan
(Persian)
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jencec, moan
(Belarus)
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thrino, bogko,
bogkito,
stenagmos, moan
(Greek)
kërcitje, rënkim,
ofshamë, groan;
rënkoj, ofshaj, to
groan; pëshpërit, to
sigh (Albanian)
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gemmatus-a-um,
adorned with jewels;
gemitus-us [m], a sigh,
groan, groaning
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griddfan, ochain,
tuchan, to groan; gemog, adj. jeweled
(Welsh)
gemere, to groan;
gemma [f], gem, jewel
(Italian)
gémir, to groan; bijou [m], jewel (French)
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bejeweled, jeweled
[<OFr. jöel]?
a sigh, groan [<OE
granian]?
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kamito (kamitv),
Script Q543
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pragIta, singing;
arcayati, -te}, pp.
{arcita} (q.v.) cause to
shine; honour, salute;
stu, stauti, stute,
stavate, sing, chant;
gA, gAyati (-te) &
gAti, praise, proclaim,
call with a song, sing
or call to
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sarâyidan,
xândan, âvâz
xândan, to sing
(Persian)
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picsnia [f], song
(Belarus)
grimat (Baltic
Sudovian)
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tragoudo, psallo
(Greek)
këndoj, to sing
(Albanian)
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cano, canere,
cecin, cantum
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canu, to sing, chant,
play, crow, ring
(Welsh)
can, va. cantainn, say,
sing, speak,
cànain, [m], a language
cantainn, singing,
speaking; (Scott)
kanañ, to sing (Breton)
canto [m] (1) song,
singing (2) corner;
cantare, to sing;
cantante [m] singer
(Italian)
chanter, to sing
(French)
sir (Hittite)
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to sing, play, to
prophesy
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kane, Script Q46;
kane (KaNE), Script
Q65, Q74, Q84,
Q95, Q416, Q717,
Q775, Q795, Q829,
R405
kaneto (KaNETV)
Script Q887
kanev (KaNE8),
Script Q821
kantor, KaNTVR,
Script Q311
KaNI, Script Q442,
Q452, Q460, Q805,
R596, R607
KaNIS, Script Q847,
R574, R584
see arco
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shvaana
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spâ , span [-],
sûnahe
(Avestan)
sag (Persian)
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pas (Serbo
Croatian)
sabaka [m.]
(Belarus)
sunis (Baltic
Sudovian)
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skylos (Greek)
mashkull, qen
(Albanian)
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canis-is
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ci [m] (Welsh)
cù [m] (Scott)
ki (Breton)
cane [m] (Italian)
chien [m] (French)
can-(Illyrian)
kan (Lydian)
ku (Tocharian)
suwana, (Hittite)
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dog
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KANE, KaNE,
KaNES, KaNI,
KaNIS, as listed
above
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x
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x
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x
|
x
|
x
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x
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Chaneri, gens?
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Kaneri, Script BS-11
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x
|
x
|
x
|
x
|
Cannae-arum [f.pl]
|
x
|
place name, Cannae?
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Canin, Script Z19, Z29, Z1177
|
|
palita [f], grey, hoary;
vidhUmra, adj. quite
grey; see vid, vetti, to
know
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xâkestari, tusi,
sefid, adj.; sefid,
[n], grey kohan,
sâlxorde, pir, old,
adj. (Persian)
|
sivy, sery, adj.
grey (Belarus)
|
vjec, aged; bëhem
gri, përhihet, to
become grey
(Albanian)
|
canus-a-um, whitish
grey, aged
|
llwyd (loyd), brown,
grey, pale, hoary
(Welsh)
vedi, grey (Italian)
gris, grey; vieux, viell,
vielle, aged, old
(French)
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name? aged,
whitish grey
|
canua (canfa),
Script Z1319
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kulapati [m], head of a
famly; zIrSan, head;
nirvyUDhi [f], issue,
end, top, summit;
cUlaka, tuft, crest,
adj., cUlikA, comb of a
cock, crest, summit
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kolâh, cap; sar,
nok, ruy, top;
nok, bâlest,
târak, summit
(Persian)
|
sapka [f], cap;
kapitan [m],
captain, stalica [f],
capital (Belarus)
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skoufos, kalypto,
ypertero, cap;
koryfi, skepasma,
anotatos, skepazo,
top (Greek)
kasketë, kësulë,
helmetë, kapak,
skufje, kupë,
shkronja kapitale,
cap (Albanian)
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caput-itis, the head;
also the top, summit,
extremity, source;
capitaneus, command
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cap-iau [m], cap; cochl-au [m.f.], mantell-oedd
[f], pall-on [m], mantle
(Welsh)
cappa [f] (Italian)
capuchon, capuce [m]
(French)
|
vault, mantle,
frock, cowl, cap
[<LLat. cappa]?
|
cap, Script N149
cape, Script K74
|
|
x
|
x
|
x
|
x
|
caput-itis, the head;
also the top, summit,
extremity, source
|
x
|
name? Capari
|
capari, Script ZB-4,
Z842, Z1770
|
|
aja (m), ajaa [f]; basta
[m] a goat.
|
anumayanãm
[anumaya]
(Avestan)
boz, goat
(Persian)
|
jarac (Serbo
Croatian)
kaza [f] she-goat,
kaziol [m] he-goat
(Belarus)
azukas, he-goat;
aze, she-goat
(Baltic-Sudovian)
|
tragos, gida, goat
(Greek)
dhi, dash, kurbani
(Albanian)
|
caper-ri
|
bwch gafr (Welsh)
boc, gabhar [f.] (Scott)
capra [f], capro,
caprone, [m] (Italian)
chévre [f] she-goat
(French)
|
he-goat [<OE gat]
|
caper, Script Z532,
Z674
capere, Q297
caperi, Script ZB-4,
Z842, Z1770;
See Note 1)
|
|
cit, cetati, -te,
perceive, observe,
attend to, take care of,
conceive, understand,
know; budh, bodhati,
wake, awake, perceive,
understand, regard or
know; vid, vetti,
understand, learn,
perceive, experience,
feel; think or be
mindful of, believe,
suppose, know
|
hozvârdan,
daryâftan,
âsnudan, to
understand
(Persian)
|
razumiec,
zrasumiec, to
understand;
razbiracca,
razabracca,
understand, be
well informed
(Belarus)
|
katalabaino,
katanoo,
understand (Greek)
kuptoj, marr vesh,
mendoj, kujtoj,
besoj, më duket se,
nënkuptoj, to
understand
(Albanian)
|
capire
|
deall, to understand (Welsh)
capire (Italian)
entendre, comprendre
(French)
|
to understand
|
kapire, Script N689,
N725, R286, R554,
R633
kapirus (kapirvs), Script Q683
|
|
x
|
x
|
x
|
x
|
Capua-ae
|
x
|
Capua, chief town
of Campania?
|
Capui (Capvi), Script Au67
|
|
puraetR [m], who goes
before, leader;
senAvAha [m],
camUnAtha, camUpa,
pati, leader of an army;
sArthapati [m], chief
or leader of a caravan;
grAmika [m], chief of a
village; nipa [m], chief,
master
|
pisvâ, rahbar,
farmândeh,
leader; gondâvar,
commander; sar,
head (Persian)
|
pravadyr [m],
leader; halava [m],
head; zahadcyk
[m], commander
(Belarus)
|
archigos, leader;
pigi, source; kefali,
archigos, head
(Greek)
drejtues, kryetar,
dirigjent,
udhëheqës,
udhëzues,
kryeartikull, kalë
pruës, rol kryesor,
qen pruës, leader;
kokë, krye,
kryeifaqes,
njerëzish, kryetar,
komandant, pruës,
head (Albanian)
|
caput-itis
|
pen-nau [m], head,
chief, top, apex, end,
extremity; blaenor-iaid
[m], leader, elder,
deacon (Welsh)
capo [m], head, top,
end, cape, chief, boss
(Italian)
capote [m] hooded
greatcoat;
capot, cloak bonnet,
cover (French)
|
the head, leader,
source, director,
commander,
|
caputis (capvtis),
Script Q117;
caputo (capvtv),
Script Q84, Q162
|
|
cintA [f], thought,
consideration,
reflection, care or
sorrow about;
anyacintA [f], thought
or care of some one
else; cAru, pleasant,
lovely, beautiful, dear
|
negahdâri,
parastâri, parvâ,
care [n]
(Persian)
|
apieka, achova [f],
care, protection;
klapacicca, ab
kaho, to care for;
sanowny, adj.
dear; adsutny, adj.
absent (Belarus)
|
agapitos, akribos,
agapimenos, dear;
frontida, frontizo,
care; apon (Greek)
kujdesem, kam
kujdes, dua, pyes,
interesohem,
dëshiroj, to care;
kujdes, gajle, care
[n]; që mungon, i
hutuar, absent
(Albanian)
|
curo-are, to care for,
cure, rest;
carus-a-um, high
priced, dear, costly;
transf. dear, beloved;
careo-ere-ui, to be
without, be absent
from
|
arail, to guard, care for,
foster, cultivate
cur-iau [m], throb,
ache, pain, beat, care,
trouble; absennu, to
absent oneself (Welsh)
caro, assenza [f],
absence (Italian)
cher; absence[f],
absence (French)
|
to care for;
to be absent [<Lat.
abense (abesse) to
be away] from, dear, cherished
|
car, Script Z582;
caro, caru (carv), Script K13
care, Script PL-21
|
|
cAru, pleasant, lovely,
beautiful, dear
|
parvardan,
gerâmi dâstan, to
cherish (Persian)
|
apieka, achova [f],
care, protection;
klapacicca, ab
kaho, to care for;
sanowny, adj.
dear (Belarus)
|
frontida, frontizo,
care; agapitos,
akribos,
agapimenos, dear
(Greek)
xhan, dua, to care
for; i dashurr, adj.,
dear; dua fort,
ushqej, mbaj gjallë,
to cherish
(Albanian)
|
curo-are, to care for
carus-a-um, adj. high
priced, dear
Transf. dear, beloved;
caritas-atis, [f.]
dearness
|
annwyl, adj., dear,
beloved, darling;
cariadus, adj., loving,
beloved, dear; cu, adj.
dear, fond, kind,
beloved, favorite
drud-ion, dear,
precious, costly,
reckless; prid, adj.
dear, costly precious;
prid [m], price, value
(Welsh)
caraid [m.] friend,
relation; carantas [m]
kindness, friendliness
(Scott)
caro, amabile, adj.
(Italian)
chéri [m], adj. dearest,
darling; chérir, to cherish, love
dearly (French)
|
to care for, dear,
high-priced,
beloved; to cherish
|
kare, Script Q406;
karen, Script R219
karo (karv), Script
N294;
kareto (karetv),
Script N341
|
|
shariira,
shariiaraM shava
(cadaver)
|
asti astasca [asti,
asta] kehrp [-], flesh, body;
tanu [-] [f]
(Avestan)
tan, badan,
body; gust,
maqze mive,
flesh; gust, nasâ,
lâs, lâse, corpse
(Persian)
|
telo, tijelo,
trup meso (flesh
(Serbo-Croatian)
miasa (Belarus)
karveina,
beef; karmenis
body, corpse;
navis, mensa,
flesh, meat
(Baltic-Sudovian)
|
sarka, flesh;
kormos, body
(Greek)
karkasë, masë, body; mish,
trup, mërshë, flesh
(Albanian)
|
caro, carnis
(flesh)
|
corff [m], body,
principal; celain, dead
body, corpse; corpws
[m], body (Welsh)
feòil, boghain [f],
cairbh [f]
carcase, dead body,
corpse (Scott)
carne [f] flesh
(Italian)
chair [f] flesh
(French)
mísa, meat,
flesh; kektseñe
(Tocharian)
|
the body
|
carna, Script Z1216;
carnal, Script Z1243; carnis, Script Z1177;
karne, Script R219, R238;
karnos, karnus
(karnvs), Script
Q701, R511;
mers, Script N194,
merso (mersv),
Script Q326, Q468
mersos (mersv)
Script Q294
masan, Script Au85
MASaN
Script Z1164
maso (masv)
Script K74, K92
|
kharayAna [n], a
donkey-cart;
zakaTikA, [f] a small
cart; anas [n], cart,
heavy wagon; rathin,
charioteer |
bârkas,
cahârcarxe,
wagon; gâri, cart
(Persian) |
fura, furgon,
wagon, wagon
(Polish) |
fortigo amaxi,
bagoni, wagon
(Greek)
karro, qerre,
kamion,
kamioncinë, vagon,
mallrash, veturë,
tryezë me rrota,
wagon; coci,
chariot (Albanian) |
carrus-i; wagon;
currus-us [m] chariot,
racing car
|
ben-ni [f], wain,
wagon, cart; gwagen-ni
[f], wagon; men-ni [f],
wain, wagon, cart;
cerbyd-au [m], chariot,
coach, car; cert-i [f],
cart; troli [f], cart,
float; trolian, to roll
(Welsh)
carro [m], cart, truck
(Italian)
char [m], chariot,
wagon; other words:
camion [m], voiture
[f], coche [f], coach
(French)
ansu.kur.ra-chariot* (Hittite) |
four-wheeled
baggage wagon [<MDU. wagen]; coach [<Hung. kocsi], cart |
carra, Script Z1641 |
| x |
x |
x |
Charon (Greek) |
Charon-ontis |
x |
Charun, the
ferryman at the
river Styx |
Charun (karvn), tomb
inscription of
Charon - 2 scenes |
madhunADI [f], honey
cell; maTHikA [f],
hut, cottage, cell;
kArA [f], prison |
zire zamin,
sardâb, cellar;
hoire, zendân,
sellul, cell
(Persian) |
sklep [m], cellar
(Belarus) |
keli, kyttaro,
stoicheio, cell
(Greek)
hojëz, qeli burgu,
celulë [polit.], qeli,
cell (Albanian) |
carcer-eris [m]; cella-ae, room, store-room, chamber |
cafell-af [f], cell,
sanctuary, oracle; cell
-oedd-au [f], cell,
chamber, closet (Welsh)
cellula [f], cell; cella [f], cell, cellar (Italian)
cellule [f], cell (French) |
prison cell; [<Lat. cella-ae, room, store-room, chamber] plural
carceres, the
starting point of a
race course |
carsi, Script Z1319 |
|