Indo-European Table 1, Etruscan Vocabulary, Etruscan
Phrases with Indo-European cognates
09.14.18
Etruscan Vocabulary, Etruscan Phrases Etruscan
etymological relationships to other Indo-European
languages; Proto-Indo-European (PIE):
Etruscan_Phrases
Indo-European Table 1,
Part 2
by Mel Copeland
(from
a work published in 1981)
This table has Indo-European, Hurrian, Georgian
(Kartlevian), Latvian (Baltic) and Finnish (Uralic)
selections. We have colored words that may be
related among the various languages/families. The
coloring provides an unusual view of the mix of the
cited languages.
Table 1, Section
1A: Indo-European words as they relate to
Etruscan. Note: colors indicate
possible relationship among words.
Sanskrit
Avestan & Armenian
Slavic & Baltic
Greek & Albanian
Latin
other
English
Etruscan
,
kas, api,
that, although
ka, kahe,
who,
(Avestan)
ke,
ce kasi,
who;
ke,
kodām, which; ce,
kodām, ānce,
what (Persian)
ვინ, vin, who, რომელიც, romelits,
which, რომ, rom, that, რა, ra, what (Georgian)
ave-, who (Hurrian)
chto,
pron. who;
cyj, pron. whose
sto, pron. what
(Belarus)
хто, chto, who, што, to,
what, that, які, jaki,
which (Belarussian)
tko,who, da, that, to,
what, koji, which (Croatian) ka,
what (Baltic
Sudovian)
kur, who, ka,
that, kas,
which, what (Latvian)
kas,
who, which, tai, that, ką,
what (Lithuanian) care, who, which, ce, what, acea, that (Romanian)
Kuka, who, että, that, mitä, what,
joka, which (Finnish-Uralic)
ο οποίος, o
opios, who, οι οποίες, oi
opoķes which; ti, puios,
which; poia, poio,
what, ότι, óti,
that (Greek)
ով,ov, who, որը, vory
which, ինչ, inch,
what, որ, vor,
that (Armenian)
kush, who, which Ēfarė,
what, qė,
that (Albanian)
qui, who, which quae, any, some,
who, which, what, quod, that, which, quid est, what
a, who, which, sin,
that, Cad,
what (Irish)
cņ, who, dč,
what,
sin, that (Scott)
pwy, sawl, a, who, what pa, a, which; a, hwnnw
(honno) that; sydd, which hwn (hon),
this; beth,
what (Welsh)
chi, who; ce, che,
quello, quella, cio, that, quale, which,
che cosa, what (Italian)
qui, who, lequel, cette, that
which, quelle, what (French)
kuse, Tocharian
kuis, who,kās,
this, apā-,apa-as, that,
he, she, it, thatapās, that
(Hittite)
აჯანყება, ajanqeba, to revolt,
აჯანყება, ajanqeba,
revolt (Georgian)
бунтаваць, buntavać, to
revolt, паўстанне, paŭstannie,
revolt (Belarusian)
na pobunu, to revolt, pobuna, revolt
(Croatian) bunt, buntowac
sie, powstanie, rewolta,
revolt
(Polish);
sacelties, to revolt, sacelanās, revolt
(Latvian) să
se revolte, to revolt, revoltă,
revolt, cabra, revolt,
oppose in the case of a horse (Romanian)
ylösnousemukseen, to revolt, kapina, revolt
(Finnish-Uralic)
να εξεγείρουν, na
exegeķroun, , to revolt, περιστροφή, peristrofķ, revolt (Greek)
ապստամբություն, apstambutyun, to revolt,
վերածնունդ, veratsnund, revolt (Armenian)
pėr tė revoltuar,
to revolt,
revoltė, revolte
(Albanian)
deficio-ficere -feci
fectum, to do less than one might, to fail;
revolt, rebel, to fail rebello-are, to rebel
tumultuari, revolt
chun éirķ amach, to revolt, réabhlóid,
revolt (Irish)
gu ar-a-mach, to revolt, ar-a-mach, revolt
(Welsh)
gwrthryfela, to revolt, gwrthryfel, revolt
(Welsh)
rivoltare, to revolt
(Italian)
révolter, cabrer,
to buck, to revolt
(French)
to rear, to shy, to
buck, to revolt
(from L. revolvo-volvere-volvi-volutum, to
roll backwards, to go over again);
avaguh, to
cover, hide, conceal;
guNth, guNthayati, to veil, conceal, hide,
cover; chada, pp.
channa, to cover, veil, hide, conceal,
keep secret
kur, nābinā,
tārik, blind, adj.
xik, hide;
penhān kardan,
to hide (Persian)
timeri, timari, dark (Hurrian)
დამალვა, damalva, to
hide, ბრმა, brma, to
blind, ბნელი, bneli, to
darken (Georgian)
chavac, kryc, to
hide; slapy, adj.
blind (Belarus)
схаваць, schavać, to hide,
цямнець, ciamnieć, to
darken, сляпой, sliapoj,
blind (Belarusian)
sakriti, to hide, slijepima,
to blind, zatamniti, to darken (Croatian)
uz akli, to blind, slēpties,
to hide, pasliktināt, to darken
(Latvian)
tehdä sokea, to
make blind, piiloutua, to hide, tummenna, to
darken (Finnish-Uralic)
κάνει τυφλή, kįnei tyflķ, to make blind;
tyfli, blind, να τυφλωθεί na
tyflotheķ, to blindgrilia,
tyflono, blind;κρυβω,
kryvo, to hide
(Greek)
կույր, kuyr,
to blind, թաքցնել, taktsnel, to hide,
մթնել, mtnel, to
darken (Armenian)
fsheh, mbaj tė
fshehtė, zhduk, fut,
to hide; verboj,
qorroj, to blind
(Albanian)
caeco-are, to make blind or dark celo-are,
to hide
a
cheilt, to hide, to blind, dall, chun dorchadas, to
darken (Irish) gus falach, to hide, gu dall, to blind,
gu dorchadas,
to darken (Scott) celu, to
hide, conceal, cloak, dissemble;
cuddio, to
hide,
conceal, cloak, mask; dirgelu, to secret,
conceal, hide; llechu, to
hide, shelter, lurk,
skulk; dallu, to blind, dazzle, daze (Welsh)
nascondere, to hide,
accecare, to blind, oscurare, to
darken (Italian)
cacher, to
hide, conceal, aveugler, to blind,
assombrir, to darken (French)
Chaina, place name, Chiana Valley :
Caina, Caino? Captured by Numicius 468 B.C.
Chaina (↓aina), Script AB-1;
Caina, Script NC-3
x
x
cais, apricot
tree (Romanian)
x
Caius = Gaius,
abbrev. C, a Roman praenomen, f., Gaia; port of
Caieta
x
Gaius, name
Cais,
Script MA-2
ucchedanIya, adj.
to be cut off;
anuccho, to
cut open, cut up nas-, nāśayati, to destroy mārayati, to
kill animals
boridan, cidan,
zadan, to cut
(Persian)
ცემა, tsema, to
beat,მოკვლა, mokvla, to
kill, შემცირება, shemtsireba,
to cut down, სასაკლაო, sasaklao,
to slaughter (Georgian)
біць,bić, to
beat, зарэзаць, zarezać,
to slaughter, забіць, zabić, to
kill, ссекчы, ssiekčy, to cut
down (Belarusian) scinac, sciac, cut
off, cut down
(Belarus)
na klanje, to slaughter, smanjiti,
to cut down, ubiti, to kill, pobijediti, to beat
(Croatian)
kauanai, to slaughter, Sist, to beat,
samazināt, to cut down, upurēt, to sacrifice
(Latvian)
teurastukseen, to slaughter, tappaa, to kill, kaataa, to cut down, lyödä, to beat
(Finnish-Uralic)
σε σφαγή, se sfagķ, to
slaughter, να θυσιάσει, na
thysiįsei, to sacrificeniko,
ypertero, ktypo, beat; kobo, tomi, cut; (Greek)
զոհաբերելու համար, zohaberelu
hamar, to sacrifice, սպանել, spanel,
to kill, ծեծել, tsetsel,
to beat (Armenian) pėr tė sakrifikuar, to
sacrifice, pėr tė therur,
to slaughter, pėr tė vrarė to kill, pėr tė
rrahur, to beat godas, rrah, godit,
fishkullon (era),
farkėtoj, perziej
(brumė), lodh,
mundoj, to beat; kadencė
[muz.]
(Albanian)
caedis-is, cutting down, slaughter,
killing; pers. slain (L. caedis-is; 3rd
Decl. Acc. -em>im); Context: of sacrifice
of he-goat]
)
a mharśa,
to slaughter,
kill, don
chlub, to
club, a
ķobairt, to
sacrifice,
cóiste, coach
caedence,
caedence
(Irish) marbhadh,
to slaughter,
kill, gu
cluba, to
club, airson
ģobairt, to
sacrifice,
coidse,
coach,
(Scott) lladd,
to kill, slay,
slaughter,
cut; toli, to
reduce, cut,
deduct; torri, to break, cut, facture, hack, hew,
crop, dig, coedio, coach (Welsh)
ridurre, cut
down,
macellare, to
slaughter,
battere, to
beat,
uccidere, to
kill,
cadenza
[f], cadence,
rhythm
(Italian) tuer,
to kill,
slaughter,
couper, to cut,
battre, to
beat, cadence
[f], cadence
(French)
kuēnzi, to
kill, tuhhus-> cut
off, separate, harnink-> destroy
kuērzi, to cutsēr
kuēn-> kill,
strike
(Hittite)
of slaughter, killing (re: a sacrifice)
caitim,
Script Z674
acchānu,
to call out to; zabda
[m], sound, cry, noise, call, word, speech,
sacered syllable Om, name, title;
zabdaM kR raise
the voice, call aloud;
AzAvaNa [n], call
bāng
zadan,
xāndan, kardan;
farāxāndan, to
summon
(Persian)
დარეკვა, darekva, to
call, ასახელებს, asakhelebs, to name,
გამოძახება, gamodzakheba, to summon
(Georgian)
заклікаць,
zaklikać, to summon, назве,
nazvie,
to name (Belarusian)klikac,
kliknuc, to
call; nazyvac,
nazvac, call, name
(Belarus)
nazvati, to name, zvati,
to call, pozvati, to summon (Croatian)
zvanīt, to call, izsaukt, to summon, nosaukt, to
name (Latvian)
soittaa, to call, kutsua, to summon, nimetä , to name
(Finnish-Uralic)
για
να καλέσετε, gia na kalésete, to
call,ονομάζω, nomįzo,
να καλέσωo, na kaléso,
to summon, to name, στο χαλάζι, sto
chalįzi, to hail
(Greek)
զանգել, կանչելու համար, zangel, to
call,kanchyelu
hamar, to summon, անունը, anuny, to
name (Armenian) per te
thirrur, to call, summon, pėr tė pėrmendur, to
name, bėrtas, ftoj, thėrras,
thirrje, bisedė, call;
bej thirrje, thėrras,
thėrres, summon
(Albanian)
calo-are
a Glaoigh, to
call, thoghairm, to summon, ainm a thabhairt, to
name (Irish)
a 'gairm, to call, gus a ghairm, to summon, gus
ainm ainmeachadh, to name (Scott)
galw,
to call, name, dub, convene, hail (Welsh)
chiamare, gridare,
convocare,
richiamare
(Italian)
appeler, convoquer
(French)
binduka, drop;
cyut, cyotati, to drop, sprinkle' gal, galati,
pp. galita,
drip, drop, fall, vanish, pass away, gAlayati,
cause to drop, liquify, melt
ceke, āviz, [n], cekidan, to drop
(Persian) kud-, kut-,
to fell (Hurrian)
დავარდნა, davardna, to
drop, დაცემა, datsema, to
fall, შემცირება, shemtsireba,
to decrease, გაქრება, gakreba,
to vanish (Georgian)
puskac,
to drop;
upadak [m], fall,
drop, collapse
(Belarus)
выпусціць, vypuscić, to
drop, падаць, padać, to fall,
для памяншэння, dlia
pamianennia, to decrease, знізіць, znizić, to lower
(Belarusian)
smanjiti, to lower, decrease, pasti, to
fall, ispustiti, to drop (Croatian)
krist, to fall, nomest, to drop,
samazināties, to decrease (Latvian)
pudottaa, to drop, pudota, to fall,
vähentää, to decrease
(Finnish-Uralic)
να πέσει, na pései, to
drop, fall, να μειωθεί, na
meiotheķ, to decrease, stagona,
afino, ptosi, drop
(Greek)
ընկնել, ynknel, to
fall, թողնել, tvoghnel,
to drop նվազեցնելու
համար, nvazetsnelu hamar, to
decrease (Armenian) pėr t'u ulur, to decrease, lower, tė
bjerė, to drop, fall pakėsohem,
ulem,
zvogėloj, to
decrease; ul, zbres, pakėsoj,
poshtėroj,
vrenjtet, lower
(Albanian)
deicere, to drop
disgyn,
to descend,
alight, dismount, light, fall, drop, devolve,
let
down; gollwng,
to
drop, loose, let go,
absolve, discharge,
dismiss, leak (Welsh) chun titim, to drop, fall,
a shliocht, to descend, a laghdś, to decrease
(Irish)
gus tuiteam, to fall, drop, a dhol sģos, to
descend, gus lłghdachadh, to decrease (Scott)
diminuire, to decrease, far cadere, to drop
calare, to fall
(Italian)
diminuer, to decrease, abandonner, to drop, tomber,
to fall (French)
kārpa- (vb.) 1.[B
kārp-],descend
(Tocharian)
to lower, strike,
descend upon,
decline, set,
drop, decrease
KALI,
Script Q360; (See CAL, KALI
above;
KALI, Script Q360;
(See CAL, KALI above, calo-are; possibly 1st
Pers. Ind. Perf. 1st Pers. single calā́vī or Conj.
Pres. 3rd Pers. Single, calet)
kaṭhina (f. nā =
callous) kiṇakṛta
მძიმე წებოვანი, mdzime tsebovani, hard
skinned (Georgian)
цяжка лупінай, ciaka lupinaj, hard skinned
(Belarusian)
tvrda koa, hard skinned (Croatian)
cieta āda, hard skinned, grūti, hard
(Latvian)
greu, hard, tare jupuită, hard skinned
(Romanian)
kovaa nahkaa, hard skinned (Finnish-Uralic)
σκληρό δέρμα, skliró
dérma, hard skinned (Greek)
ծանր բծերը, tsanr btsery, hard skinned
(Armenian)
e vėshtirė i skinnuar, hard skinned
(Albanian)
callosus,
hard skinned, solid
craiceann crua, hard skinned (Irish)
craiceann cruaidh, hard skinned (Scott)
croen caled, caled,
hard (Welsh)
callosita,
callous,
(Italian)
calleux,
callous, hard(French)
name? callous,
hard skinned?
calos (calvs),
Script M-1
koṣṭhaḥ, chamber vezman,
dwelling, house,
khoḍakaśīrṣam,
arched roof, vault, nikuJja, thicket,
bower, vault; nAka, celestial vault,
heaven, sky;
nabhastala [tala, place, like the palm of the
hand] celestial vault; apavAraka, bed chamber;
bhUmigRha,
an underground
