Updated 7.12.04 Etruscan Phrases– Etruscan etymological relationships to other Indo-European languages; Proto-Indo-European (PIE):
Indo-European Table 2, Indo-European words as they relate to Etruscan – based on the Etruscan_Phrases vocabulary, http://www.maravot.com/Etruscan_Phrases_a.html
Copyright © 1981-2006 Mel Copeland. All rights reserved.

Etruscan_Phrases

 by Mel Copeland
(from a work published in 1981)

Table 2 Etruscan cognates as they relate to Indo-European words

Table 1

Etruscan Cognates

English

Western-red

Central-green

Eastern-blue

Table 1

matra, matro, matrov

mother

x

B, W, T, Lyd, Alb, SC, Bela

S, F, I, Phr, Gk, Bal, P, Skt, Etr, Lat

Table 1

mam, mamar

breast

Etr, F, Lat, Gk

E, W, I, P

Sct, Bela

Table 1

patrre, patrebum

father

x

S, I, F, T,

Etr, E, S, I, Lat, Gk, Av, P, Skt

Table 1

frater, fratro, fratrom, fratros

brother

Etr, I, Lat, Gk

F, Lyd

E, W, Irs, Br, Illry, T, SC, Bela, Bal

Table 1

filos, filoi

son

Etr, I, F, Lat

E, T, Bal, Bela, SC

Table 1

file

daughter

Etr, I, F, Lat, Alb

W, Br

E, T, Bela, Bal, P, Skt

Table 1

nos

our

Etr, I, F, Lat, Bal, Av

E, Br, W, lb

Gk, P

Table 1

sa, Se, sese, si

self

x

E, W, Br, Alb

Etr, I, F, Lyd, Car, Lat, Bal, P, Skt

Table 1

on

one

Etr, W, Br, I, F, Lat, SC

E, G, Bal

P, Skt

Table 1

tua, tue

two

Br, F, Alb

E, Lyc, Hit

Etr, W, I, Lat, G, SC, Bela, Bal, Av, P, Skt

Table 1

tre, trei, tres, tri, tria

three

Br, Lat, Gk, Alb, Bal, Lyc, Etr

F, SC

Etr, E, S, W, T, Phr, Bela, Av, Skt

Table 1

tre, trei, tres, tri, tria

three-x

Br, Etr, I, Lyc, Lat, Alb

F, SC

Etr, E, S, W, T, Phr, Bela, Av, Skt

Table 1

ter

thrice

Etr, I, Lat, Bal

x

S, W, F, Gk, Alb, Bela, Av, Skt

Table 1

terti, tertie, terto

third

x

S, W, F, Gk, Alb, Bela

Etr, I, Lat, Bal, Skt

Table 1

catra

four

Etr, S, I, F, SC, Bela, Av

E, W, Lyc

T, Lat, Alb, Av, P, Skt

Table 1

pet

five

Irs, S, I, F, Lat

E

Etr, W, Br, T, Gk, Alb, SC, Bel, Bal, Av, P, Skt

Table 1

heks

six

E, S, I, F, Lat, SC, Bela, P

x

Etr, W, T, G, Alb, Bal, Skt

Table 1

saphta

seven

S, W, I, Alb, SC

E, Gk, Bela, Av, P

Etr, F, T, Lat, Bal, Skt

Table 1

octito

eight

Etr, S, I, T, Lat, Gk

E, W, Br, F, Car, Alb, Sc, Bela

Bal, Av, P, Skt

Table 1

no, niv

nine

Etr, S, W, I, F, Lat, Bal, Av, P

E, G, Alb

x

Table 1

tecom

ten

Etr, S, W, Br, It, F, Lat, Gk

E

Alb, SC, Av, P, Skt

Table 1

cueto

hundred

Etr, S, W, I, F, Br, T, Lat, Gk, Alb

E

SC, Av, P, Skt

Table 1

ac, aca, aci, acis

call

Etr, Lat

x

x

Table 1

aces, aciv

equalize

Etr, E, F, Lat

G, Alb, P

F, Alb, Skt

Table 1

akapa, akim

move

x

x

Etr, Lat, Skt

Table 1

aker, akro

land

E, W, Lat, Alb

E, W, P, Alb

Etr, I, F, Lat, Gk, Skt

Table 1

acern

prophesy

Etr, I, F, Lat

E, W, Gk, Alb

x

Table 1

acil, acilar, acilo

eagle

Etr, E, I, F, Lat, P

W, Gk, Bela

x

Table 1

akne, aknem, aknesem, akneo, akni, ayenaso

lamb

Etr, I, F, Lyc, Luw, Lat

E, W, Alb, SC, Bela

Skt

Table 1

aekis

aegis

Etr, W, Lat

W, OFr., Bela

x

Table 1

afev

carry

Etr, I, F, Lat, Al, P

E, W

Etr, W, Lat, Skt

Table 1

afetus

age

Etr, I, F, Lat, E

x

Table 1

avil, avils, avilsae

have

Lat

Etr, E, W, I, F

Alb, P

Table 1

age, ages

age

Etr, E, W, I, F, Lat

x

x

Table 1

air

air

Etr, E, W, I, F, Lat, Gk

x

P, Skt

Table 1

ais

copper

Etr, Lat

x

x

Table 1

aito

summer

Etr, I, F, Lat, P

x

x

Table 1

am, ama, amapa, amapen, amar, ame, amem, ami, amo

love

Etr, I, F, Lat

x

Alb, P, Bela

Table 1

amie

friend [m]

Etr, Lat, I, F

x

x

Table 1

anc

hip

Etr, I, F

x

x

Table 1

ancuis

snake

Etr, Lat

x

x

Table 1

anna, anas, ane, ani

year

Etr, I, F, Lat

x

Bela, P

Table 1

ans

handle

Etr, Lat

x

x

Table 1

ant, anta*

sooner

Etr, I, F, Lat

x

x

Table 1

anta*, anter, anto, antor

excel

Etr, I, F, Lat

x

x

Table 1

ap, apa, ape, apen, api

water

Etr, Illyr, Luw, Bal, Av, P, I, F

x

x

Table 1

apa, ape, apen, api

go away

Etr, Lat, Gk, P, S

x

x

Table 1

apne, apni, apnis

refuse

Etr, Lat, W, I, F, Gk, Bela

x

x

Table 1

aprob

approve

Etr, Lat, I, F, P, Alb

x

x

Table 1

Apronai

Apronai, woman's name

Etr

x

x

Table 1

ara

altar

x

x

Etr, Lat, Skt

Table 1

ar, ara, arai, aras, ari

plow

Etr, W, S, I, Lat, Alb, Bela, Bal

x

x

Table 1

ara

gold, golden

Etr, I, F

x

x

Table 1

arc

arc

Etr, E, I, F, Lat, Gk, Alb, Bal

x

x

Table 1

aras, arce, arces, arcia, arcis, arcio, arcamen, arkani

keep away, bend

Etr, I, F, Lat

x

x

Table 1

arco, arcos

Argos

Etr, Lat, Gk

x

x

Table 1

are

ventilate, air

Etr, W, I, F, Lat, Gk, Alb

x

x

Table 1

Arelis

Aurelius, name

Etr, Lat

x

x

Table 1

arepe

creep

Etr, F, Lat, Gk

x

x

Table 1

Arepes

Erebeus

Etr, Lat, Gk

x

x

Table 1

Ares

Ares

Etr, Lat, Gk

x

x

Table 1

arberture

arbitrator

Etr, I, F, Lat, Alb

x

x

Table 1

Ariphmo

Ariphmus

Etr

x

x

Table 1

armone

arm, Armone, name

Etr, I, Fr, Lat

x

x

Table 1

Arna, Arno, Arnoi

Arno river

Etr, Lat

x

x

Table 1

arpe

brazen-footed

Etr, lat

x

x

Table 1

arpo

tree (harp)

Etr, F, Lat, I, Gk

x

x

Table 1

ars

art, skill

Etr, I, F, Lat, Alb

x

x

Table 1

aro, aros

plow

Etr, W, S, I, Lat, Alb, Bela

x

x

Table 1

as

whole, asgis

Etr, Lat

x

x

Table 1

asa, ase

adopt

Etr, Lat

x

x

Table 1

Asia

Asia

Etr, Lat, Alb, Bela

Table 1

Ate, Ates, Atia, Ati

Atys, king or patriarch (2)

Etr, Alb

x

x

Table 1

atento

try

Etr, I, F, Lat, Alb

x

x

Table 1

ater, atro

black

Etr, Lat, Alb, P

x

x

Table 1

Athinem

Athens, of Athens

Etr, Lat, Alb

x

x

Table 1

Atiieri, Atiiria, Atiierie, Atiirier, Atiiries, Atiierio

Atigeris, name

Etr

x

x

Table 1

av, avim

desire

Etr, W, Lat

x

x

Table 1

ava

grandmother

Etr, Lat

x

x

Table 1

avo

grandfather

Etr, Lat

x

x

Table 1

avle, avles

lord, prince

Etr, Lat, Toch, Lyd, Phr

x

x

Table 1

afle, afli

lord, prince

Etr, Lat, Toch, Lyd, Phr

x

x

Table 1

al

to him, her, it

x

Etr, It

x

Table 1

alc

someone

Etr, Lat

x

x

Table 1

aleni

alien

Etr, I, Fr, Lat, E

x

x

Table 1

ale, aler, alto, alti

nourish

Etr, Lat

x

x

Table 1

avra, avras, arerom

greedy

Etr, I, F, Lat, E, P

x

x

Table 1

auratom

golden

Etr, W, I

x

x

Table 1

Bale

Balae, town

Etr, Lat

x

x

Table 1

bele, belem

war

Etr, Lat, Skt

x

x

Table 1

beni

good

Etr, I, F, Lat

x

x

Table 1

berca

boat

Etr, I, F, Lat, Gk, E, Alb

x

x

Table 1

beros

drink

x

Etr, I, F

x

Table 1

Brutos

Brutus, name

Etr, Lat

x

x

Table 1

Boris

Boreas, north wind

Etr, Lat

x

x

Table 1A

ca

who, which, what

Etr, Lat, Bal, Av

x

x

Table 1A

cace

blind

Etr, Lat, F

x

x

Table 1A

cave, caver

caution

Etr, I, F, Lat

x

x

Table 1A

cabro

revolt

x

Etr, F

x

Table 1A

cai

any

Etr, Lat, P

x

x

Table 1A

Kaina, Caina

Chaina, man's name:
Note (3)

Etr

x

x

Table 1A

caitim

beat

x

x

Etr, W, I, F, Lat, Alb, P, Skt

Table 1A

cal, cala, kala, kalas, kale, kali, kalo

summon

Etr, W, Lat, Bela, E

x

x

Table 1A

kali

drop

x

x

Etr, W, I, Skt

Table 1A

calos

callous

Etr, I, F, E

x

x

Table 1A

camaram

chamber

Etr, W, I, F, Lat, Pol

x

x

Table 1A

kamito

jeweled

Etr, W, I, Lat

x

x

Table 1A

kane, kaneto, kanev, kantor, kani, kanis

sing

Etr, W, S, Br, I, F, Lat, Alb, P

x

x

Table 1A

kane, kanes, kani, kanis

dog (same list as sing)

Etr, I, Illyr, Lyd, Lat, Alb

x

x

Table 1A

canua

grey

Etr, Lat

x

x

Table 1A

Canin

Cannae, town

Etr, Lat

x

x

Table 1A

cap

cap

Etr, W, I, F, Lat, Alb

x

x

Table 1A

Capari

Capari, Capri, name

Etr, Lat

x

x

Table 1A

cape, caper, capere, caperi

he-goat, name

Etr, W, S, I, F, Lat, Alb

x

x

Table 1A

kapire, kapirus

understand

Etr, I, Lat

x

x

Table 1A

Capvi

Capua, town? (1)

Etr, Lat

x

x

Table 1A

caputis, caputo

head, cover

Etr, I, F, Lat

x

x

Table 1A

car, caro

dear

x

x

Etr, I, F, Skt

Table 1A

kare, karen, karo, kareto

care

x

x

Etr, W, S, I, F, Lat, P, Skt

Table 1A

carna, carnal, carnis, karne, karnos

flesh, body

Etr, I, F, Lat

x

x

Table 1A

carra

wagon, cart

Etr, W, I, F, Lat, Alb, P

x

x

Table 1A

Karon

Charun, ferryman at the river Styx

Etr, Lat, Gk

x

x

Table 1A

carsi

cell

Etr, Lat

x

x

Table 1A

casa

house

Etr, I, F, Lat, Alb

x

x

Table 1A

case, casi

pretend, cause

Etr, W, I, F, Lat, Alb, Skt

x

x

Table 1A

kase

seek

Etr, F, Lat, Alb

x

x

Table 1A

casus

instance, case

Etr, I, F, Lat, Alb

x

x

Table 1A

kastro

fort, castle

Etr, W, S, I, F, Lat

x

x

Table 1A

cate, cates, catos, kati, kato

Cato, name; cunning

Etr, Lat

x

x

Table 1A

katele, kateles, katelo

Catele, name; young animal, dish or plate?

Etr, Lat

x

x

Notes:

(1) To be consistent with other texts the way I would have written Capua would be CAPFA
(2) Ati no doubt relates to king Atys, the king of Lydia, who was the father of Tyrsenus. Tyrsenus led the Tyrhennians from Lydia to Italy after the Trojan war, as a result of a drought. The Tyrhennians, who became known as the Etruscans, took their name from their leader, Tyrsenus, according to Greek historians. In the "Battle of the Amazons" mural, located in Translation_Short_Scripts.html, we have a picture which depicts the Lydian battle with the Amazons, which preceeded the battle of the Amazons with Attica.

(3) The name appears on a cinerary urn: Click on the thumbnail to view it and another like it.


Key to abbreviation of languges:

Alb, Albanian; Av, Avestan; Balt, Baltic-Sudovian; Bela, Belarus; Br, Breton; Car, Carian; E, English; Etr, Etruscan; F, French; Gk, Greek; I, Italian; Illyr, Illyrian; Irs, Irish; Lat, Latin; Luw, Luwian; Lyc, Lycian; Lyd, Lydian; P, Persian; Phry, Phrygian; Pol, Polish, S, Scott; SC, Serbo-Croatian, Skt, Sanskrit; Toch, Tocharian; W, Welsh; Details on entries may be accessed at the Indo-European Table 1 and its sections.


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Copyright © 1981-2006 Maravot. All rights reserved.
Copyright © 1981-2006 Mel Copeland. All rights reserved.
Use of the information on this page is expressly forbidden for purposes of publication in any media without the prior written consent of the author.