Table 1, Section 1C.1:
Indo-European words as they relate to
Etruscan. Notes: *Armenian W = West Armenian;
E = East Armenian.
Sanskrit
Avestan, Persian,
Georgian, Hurrian, Akkadian
Slavic, Baltic,
Romanian,
Finnish-Uralic
Greek, Armenian,
Albanian, Basque
Latin
other
English
Etruscan
rājakīya,
royal, belonging to a king or queen, ādhipatyam, authority, power,
rājyam;
viṣayāḥ, kingdom, country
xshi [-], to rule, govern, ahu [-], lord (Avestan) saltanati, سلطنتی royal, padshahy,
پادشاهی, kingdom
(Persian)
სამეფო, samepo, royal,
kingdom (Georgian)
ever-ni, king,
lord, šarri, šarr-a-šše, king (Hurriab)
kussû,
royal
property
and service, throne, exta, a feature of the exta, rule,
dominion, chair, sedan chair, name of a
month, saddle, part of a chariot or a plow,
kussû,
in bīt kussi, royal
property
(real estate), royal service, itḫuru, royal
standard, karallu, a term for happiness
(Akkadian)
xntawati(ye, royal, of the
ruler, xntawata,
xñtawata-:
A xñtawatã, L xñtawata, G adj. L
xñtawatahi/ kingship,
xñtawat(i)-: N/D
xñtawati, AblI xñtawatedi,
G adj.
N/Npl. xñtawatehi, Ntpl.
xñtawataha, king
(Lycian) xñtabaime/i-:
DL xñtabaimi, ruling, xñtaba-: A
xñtabã/xñtabu, G adj. xñtabasi;
xñtawaza-: N xñtawaza, kingship
(Mylian) saladr/salan,
rulership, kingship, greatness, hantawadi,
royal, hasuetsi, royal status, hasuetsna,
royalty, hassuiznāi-
(LUGAL-uiznāi-), hassuwāi-,
(LUGAL-uwāi-), to govern as king,
hantawahit,
kingdom, hantawadahit,
kingship, hassueznae, to be king, hassuezziie/a,
hassuuezziie/a, hassue,
to become king (Hittite)
kubuttû,
rich gift,
abundance, abundan, kabātu,
rich, to become painful,
to honor a person, honored, to give honor, to
be honored,etc.,mašrītu,
riches, mašrû,
riches, prosperity,
wealth, a descriptive name of the date palm,
of Sirius, of excrement, šarûtu,
wealth,lalû,
riches, wealth, wish,
desire, happiness, desirability, prime of
life, pleasant appearance, charms (of a woman
or man), luxury objects, sumptuous decoration,
abundant vegetation, ḫadīš, joyfully, adj., ḫabāṣu,
happiness, karallu, a term for
happines, ḫudû
or ḫūdu, happiness, joy, lullû,
hapiness, to provide with happiness,ḫaddû, adj., happy, lalānû, happy, luxeriant, ḫadû, happy person, ḫadû, happyto be happy(Akkadian)
hapan, #hapan,
wealth, bargain, to make a
bargain (Palaic)sunatruant(i),
rich in outpourings (Luvian)
hap,
wealth,
#hap,
wealth, bargain, to
make a bargain, hapina, hapinat,
wealth, rich, happines,
to become rich, hapinah,
to enrich, to become rich, happiness, hapinant,
rich, hapina,hapinat,
wealth (Hittite)
rich,
wealthy
[<OE rice,
rich], happy
[<hap,
Fortune, chance, an occurance, <ON happ], abundance,
[<Lat. abundare,
to abound],
rad kardan, رد کردن reject, to refuse
(Persian)
უარითქვას, uari tkvas, reject
(Georgian)
*mâzu,
to refuse, zakāpu,
to reject, nasāk,
reject, to be rejected, to annul an
order, remove an inscription, tablet,
to hurl, to shoot, cast aside, etc..šalū, to reject, hurl
weapons, shoot arrows, throw away etc.,tāru, to
reject the 30th day, to recede,
take back, to again,
to respond, etc.,nadû,
to reject, stop working
disregard an order, throw out
a corpse, have a miscarriage,
knock down a wall, erect a
reed ht, place a stone in
amounting, to load a boat,
etc.,ramû,
to reject, let go, drop,
leave behind, to untie,
release, become weak,
suspend, set free,
etc. (Akkadian)
απορρίπτω, aporrípto, to reject
(Greek) մերժել, merzhel,
reject (Armenian) hedh poshtë, reject,
zmbraps,
prapësoj,
zbyth, to repel
(Albanian)
ukatzeko, errefusatu,
to reject, uxatzeko,
aldaratu, to repel (Basque)
reicio-icere-ieci-iectum
diúltú, reject
(Irish) dhiùlt, reject
(Scott) gwrthod, reject, gwrthladd,
to resist, repel, combat (Welsh) rifiutare,
reject, respinger, ripugnare,
to repel, reject (Italian)
repousser, to repel, rejeter,
to reject (French)
ma, to refuse, do not! (Tocharian)
mimma->,
to refuse, reject, mimma-,
to refuse, to know anything
of someone, toreject
someone,
mimma/ mimm, mima,
mim
to refuse, reject, UL
mema-, refuse, to say
no,pasku, paskuuae, to
reject, to
ignore, to
neglect, to
remove, suai, rejection,
pessiya-,
reject, to dismiss, to project, to push, to
throw,
abolish, (Hittite)
throw back,
throw behind,
drive off, reject, refuse
[<Lat. refundere,
to pour back]
8-3
See also Refuse, Deny, 7-59, 1-89
rica? Script
TC190
raj, rajati, -te,
rasti; to reign, rule, direct, be
master of, shine, glitter, be illustious or
eminent, nayati, to lead, guide,
adhitiṣṭhati, to conduct,
. ādhipatya-), governorship, padeṣṭṭa,
leader, advisor
xshi [-], to rule,
govern (Avestan)
jelo raftan, ژله
روفتن
to lead, saxt, seft, rigid, adj sarrâst, râst,
direct, adj., (Persian) გაძღოლა, gadzghola, to lead, გამორიცხავს, gamoritskhavs, to rule, მიმართვა, mimartva, to direct
(Georgian)
arû,to
steer a
boat, to rule, lead, bring people/animals,
guide, to have brought, send, guide safel
(Akkadian)
весці, viesci, to lead, правіць, pravić, to rule
(Belarusian) voditi,
to lead, vladati,
to rule (Croatian) prowadzić, to lead, rządzić, to lead (Polish) vadīt,
to lead, valdīt,
to rule (Latvian) a conduce,
to lead, to rule,
RIGĂ, REGE, rex,
king (Romanian)
johtaa, to lead, hallita,
to rule (Finnish-Uralic)
να
οδηγήσει, na odigísei, to lead, archigos,
leader, κυβερνώ,
kyvernó,
to rule (Greek) առաջնորդել,
arrajnordel, to rule, կառավարել, karravarel, to rule (Armenian)te
udheheqesh, to lead, për të sunduar, to rule, drejtues,
leader, kryetar,
head,
dirigjent,
conductor,
rol kryesor, main role (Albanian)
eramango,
to lead, zuzendu, to lead, direct, rectify,
address, amend, jaurri, to rule (Basque)
rigo-are, to
lead;
rego, regere, rexi,
rectum, to rule
a threorú, to lead, riail,
to rule (Irish) gu stiùir,
to lead, gus riaghladh,
to rule (Scott) i arwain, to lead, lywio,
to rule, govern, direct, steer;
rheoli, to rule,
govern, control, manage (Welsh) condurre,
to lead, rigare,
to rule, dirigere,
to direct
(Italian) mener, to lead, rigide,
rigid, firm, strict, severe; diriger, to direct, gouverner,
to rule (French)
kākmärtune, ruling, governorship, āk-, lead, drive, kälā-, lead, bring (Tocharian) nana, to
lead, tbar, to rule, to
govern, tbaraman,
ruling, governing, tbaramahit,
ruling, position of ruling (Luvian)
tapariala, tapariie/a,tbarie/a
to rule, lead, decide, to reign, tbaria,
ruling, order, saladr/salan,
rulership, kingship, greatness, watarnah-,
lead, to command,
to inculcate, to entrust, to order, to
ask, to inform,pehute-,
lead, to
execute, to drive, realize, nāi-, lead, to guide, to turn, to turn oneself, to happen, edi,
to
lead to the other side, (to make
rebel), to move, remove, -anda,
to lead, to
take care, to bring?, to turn
back (Hittite)
rigid, to lead
[<OE lead];
to rule, to steer [OE stieran],
govern [<Lat. gubernare],
conduct
[<Lat. conducere]
âpa
[ap], (duna) âfsh, water
(Avestan)
âb, اب water, byary
kardan آبیاری کردن, to
water, irrigate, paryab kardan, پاریاب کردن,
irrigate (Persian) მორწყვა, morts
q’va,
to water, irrigate, წყალი,
ts’q’ali,
water (Georgian)
šiye, šije,
water, šijə, water,
river (Hurrian)
mēma, water,lapātu,
water, to apply water, to contact, to
touch, to strike, to obscure,
defeat, be defeated, dālu,
irrigated field, irrigation, dālû,
irrigator,
water
drawer,
gardener, dālu,
dīlu,
irrigation,
using
water from a well, daluwātu,
irrigated
fields,
irrigated by water drawn from wells, mikru,
irrigation,
flooding
of fields, an
irrigated or
irrigable
field, mēkiru,
irrigator,
ēsip
iki, irrigator,
worker
on irrigation
ditches, šāqûtu, šiqītu, *zuriqtu,
irrigation, riṭibutu, irrigated land, šaqītu, irrigated area(Akkadian)
ў вадзе, ŭ vadzie,
to water, вада, vada,
water, абрашаць, abrašać, to irrigate
(Belarusian) zalijevati,
to water, voda,
water, navodnjavati,
to irrigate
(Croatian) do wody,
to water, woda,
water, nawadniać,
to irrigate
(Polish) undan,
water; apis,
river (Baltic-Sudovian) aplaistīt, to
water, ūdens,
water, apūdeņot, to
water, irrigate, flood,
upe,
river
(Latvian) apă, to
water, apă,
water,IRIG,
I irrigate, IRIGA, to irrigate
(Romanian) veteen,
to
water, vesi,
water, kastella, to
water, irrigate, wet,
douse
(Finnish-Uralic)
ποτίζω,
potízo,
to water, irrigate,
ύδωρ, ýdor,
water (Greek) ջուր, jur,
water, to water, ոռոգել, vorrogel,
to irrigate, flood
(Armenian) në ujë,
to water, ujë,
water, vadit,
vadis,
to water, irrigate, dabble
(Albanian)
ura,
garaztatu, to water, ureztatze,
irrigation, ureztatzeko,
to irrigate, ibai,
river
(Basque)
rigo-are,
to water, aqua-ae,
water,
poto-potare-potavit,
potatum and
potum, to drink
chun uisce, to
water, ujisce,
water (Irish) gu uisge
(to water,
uisge, water (Scott) i ddŵr, to
water, dŵr,
water, dyfrio, watering
(Welsh) ad acqua, to
water, acqua,
water, irrigare,
to irrigate (Italian) eau, water, arroser, to
water, abreuver, to drink (French)
wato,
water (Gothic) war,
water,
āp*[B āp], water, river,
stream (Tocharian) ap,
water (Illyrian)
xba(i),
3rd
pl.
pret. xbaitẽ, to irrigate
(Lycian) hapna,
hapa/i, river (Palaic) hapi, a river, hapina/i, little river, stream (Luvian)
watar,#watar, wātar, (Gen.
sing.)wetenas, water,
warsa, dew,wedanda
(instr. sg.,) wadr/widen,
wētt-,
water, wida,
wet, water, widār,
irrigation, water, wida, weten-
root of water, wetenas,
water, warsa,
dew,sakuruue/a,
to water animals, sagurue/a,
sagrue/a,
to water animals, to drink,sragu,
to give water to,
sihill(iy)as, pure water, holy
water (Hurrian word),siss(i)uriie/a,sisorie/a, sisiorie/a,
to irrigate, sisor,
irrigation, hapas, hapa,
river,
(Hittite)
to water
[<OE
waeter],
irrigate, [<Lat. irrigare]
wet
[<OE wæt]
See also,
7-22, "water,
to drink: pot (PVT),
Script
Z1319;
pote (PVTE),
Script Z84, Z211, Z214, Z308, Z953, Z117
Z1319, Z1797,
Z1813
POTeS (PVTeS),
Script Z160,
See also,
1-83:
"water, or to go away?):
ap, Script
Q253, Q396, Q767, Q908
apa,
Script AF-1;
ape,
Script Q253, Q263, R121, R128, R142, R156,
R294; S50
apen,
Script Q460
api,
Script N670, N700, N738; MS24
tand, tanda, to relax, give way;
zithilay, -yati,
śithilayati or
śithilīkaroti, to relax, loosen, slacken,
to loosen, relax; iyasy,
-syate,
to shrink, relax, dwindle, loṭ,
let, allow
shol kardan, شل کردن to
relax, sost
kardan, سست کردن, to relax, shel
kardan, شل کردن, to loosen, release,
pardakhtn,
پرداختن, to relax, loosen,
ejâze dâdan اجازه دادن to let (Persian)
მოდუნება,
moduneba,
to relax, გაათავისუფლონ,
gaatavisuplon,
to release, მოხსნა, mokhsna, to loosen, უფლების მიცემა, uplebis mitsema, to
let (Georgian)
kir-, to release
(Hurrian) indurāru, release, ašāru,
to release, išaru,
loose (said
of the bowels), correct, fair, just, in
good condition, favorable, normal,
regular, ordinary, prosperous, straight,aliktu,
looseness, detachment
of
soldiers, uššuru,
released, freed, unattached, to
abandon, give up, make flow, leave
fallow, leave alone, to allow,
permit, be sent, dispatched, etc., ḫabtu,
released or runaway prisoner, zakû,
to cleanse ritually, use fine
materials, clear, wash, to free,
release, etc.(Akkadian)
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
дляадпачынку, dlia adpačynku, to relax, вызваліць, vyzvalić, to release, каб аслабіць, kab aslabić, to
loosen, дазволіць, dazvolić, to let
(Belarusian) opustiti
se, to
relax, objaviti,
to release, popustiti, to loosen, pustiti,
to let
(Croatian) zrelaksować się, to relax, uwolnić,
to release, poluzować,
to loosen, pozwolić, to let(Polish) atpūsties,
to relax, atbrīvot, to release, atraisīt, to loosen,
lauju, ļaut
to let (Latvian) a se relaxa,
to relax, pentru a elibera,
to release, să
slăbească, to loosen, a
pierde,
to loose,a lasa,
to let (Romanian) rentoutua, to relax, vapauttaa,
to release, löysää,
to loosen, antaa, to let
(Finnish-Uralic)
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
για να χαλαρώσετε, gia
na chalarósete,
to relax, να απελευθερώσει, na
apeleftherósei, to release, να χαλαρώσει, na
chalarósei, to loosen, να αφήσει, na afísei, to let
(Greek) հանգստանալ,
hangstanal, to relax, ազատ արձակել, azat ardzakel, to release, թուլացնել, t’ulats’nel,
to loosen, թույլ տալ, t’uyl tal, to let
(Armenian)
për t'u çlodhur, to relax,për të liruar, to release,të
liroj, to loosen, te lesh,
to let, la,
he let(Albanian)
lasaitu, to
relax, calm, sedate, oharra,
release, askatu, to release, free,
liberate (Basque)
relaxo-are, to relax, slacken,
luo, luere, lui, luiturus, to expiate,
a scíth a ligean, to
relax, to let, a scaoileadh,
to release, loosen, a mhaolú,
to slacken, a leigeil,
to let(Irish) gus fois a ghabhail, to
relax, a leigeil ma
sgaoil, to release, a leigeil,
to let, gus a dhol fodha,
to slacken, gus
a sguabadh às, to
loosen,(Scott) i ymlacio, to
relax, loosen,
i
ladd, to
slacken, i ryddhau, to release, i adael, to let(Welsh) rilassarsi, to relax, rilasciare,
to release, allentare, to loosen, lasciare,
to let
(Italian) se relaxer,
to relax, relâcher, to release, desserrer, to
loosen, laisser,
to let
(French)
суст
шудан, sust şudan,
to loosen (Tajik)
letan,
to let, allow (Gothic) tark,
tarna,
[B tarkana], to
let go, to let, allow (Tocharian)
ha-: 3rd
hadi,
3rd pl. hãti,
3rd pret. hade,
3rd pl. pret. hãtẽ,
3rd imper. hadu,
to release (Lycian) lilai,
to release,lae, la, ladr/lan,
to loosen, release, untie, relieve, remove,tarna->trna/trn,tarnai/tarnanzi,
to release, let go, let go,
to leave something, to allow,
to let
loose, tarna->,
to let loose, tarna-,
to let, allow,
abandon, to leave,
to forgive to put
a spoon in a
liquid, tarnai/tarnanzi,
to release, let go,dala/dali,
dala/dallet,
to leave, to let in peace, #harš,
to loosen
(Hittite)
relax
[<Lat. relaxo-are],
slacken, weaken, release,
loosen [<ON
lauss], liberate
[<Lat. liberare], to let [<OE lætan], pardon [<LLat.
perdonare,
to give wholeheartedly], loosen,
loose,
[<ON,
lauss]
8-6
RILiS,
Script K54,
See also,
5-51, "to expiate":
lua (LVA), Script BT-35
lui (LVI),
Script M-8;
luis (LVIS) or LVISNA
Script TC103 Note: (3) (probably a
name based on "NA" suffix) luit (LFIT) Script
XC-6
lur (LVR), Script
Z582;
luri
(LVRI),
Script Z463, HA-1;
LURS (LVRvS),
Script M24, M32;
lus (LFS) Script
PL-29 (Note: this is an area of the
Piacenza Bronze Liver used for divination.
PL-29 undoubtedly refers to expiation)
dhārayati,
to cling, to keep, anusandhatte,
to pry, vic,
vinakti, to separate,
esp. grain from the chaff; try,
examine; tul, tolayati, to lift up, weigh,
examine, compare; ci {cike3ti}, {cinoti},
{cinute} ({cayate}), to observe, perceive,
examine, try
chasbidan چسبیده می شود , to
cling, âzmâyes, bâzjuyi,
âzmun,
examination
(Persian)
გაჭრა გადატანა, gach’ra gadat’ana,
to cleave onto, გასაშუქებლად, gasashukeblad,
to pry (Georgian)
latāku,examine
someone’s mood,to question, to check
measurements, calculations, to check on work
in progress, to test, to put to a test, to
try, to try out, to try to do something, to
investigate, to be circumspect, to attemp
(Akkadian)
расшчапляцьна, rasščapliać na, to cleave onto,
падглядваць, padhliadvać, to pry
(Belarusian)
da se usidrite, to cleave
onto, piti, to pry
(Croatian) rozszczepiać
się, to cleave onto, podważać,
to pry (Polish) šķelties uz, to cleave onto,
ievilkt,
to pry
(Latvian)
pentru a se
desprinde, to
cleave onto, a invada spațiul personal,
to pry
(Romanian)
päästä kiinni,
to cleave
onto, räpyttää, to
pry, tutkia,
to explore,
examine, study
(Finnish-Uralic)
για να
διασπαστεί, gia na
diaspasteí,
to cleave onto,για να ξεφύγουν,
gia na xefýgoun,
to pry (Greek) կփակվի, kp’akvi, to
cleave onto, փորձել,
p’vordzel,
to pry (Armenian) për t'u kapur, to
cleave onto, për
të
qarë, to
pry (Albanian)
aztertu, to examine,
analyze, take, hausteko,
to cleave onto, harrapatzeko,
to pry
(Basque)
rimore-ari, to
cleave onto, probe, pry;
examino-are, to weigh, consider
chun dul ar aghaidh, to
cleave onto, chun pry,
to pry (Irish) gus gluasad air, to
cleave onto, gu pry, to pry
(Scott) i glynu ar,
to cleave onto, i pry, to pry,
profi, to prove,
demonstrate, taste, try, examine
probe; holi, to
examine,
inquire, ask, query,
question (Welsh) aggrapparsi, to cleave onto,
fare leva,
to pry
examinare (Italian) s'attacher à,
to cleave onto, prier,
to pry,
examiner (French)
kappuwāi-,
to examine, to pay, to control, to visit, to
predict, reason, provide with (Hittite)
to pry
[<ME prien]
into, examine, inquire,
8-7
rimat,
Script TC331
raj, rajati, -te,
rasti;
to reign, rule, direct, be master of,
shine, glitter, be illustious or eminent;
viraji,
queen,
deva, divine,
heavenly; queen, princess; rajan,
king, ruler
erešu,
queen,ekallu,
in *ša ekalli, wife of a ruling king,
janzi (Kassite
word), king, šarru, to
make someone king, šarrūtu,
to rule as king,šarru, (when
reffering to foreigners, often petty
king, tribal chief), Regulus, ḫammāmu,
usurper king, ḫammā’u,
usurper king, rebel, šarrūtu,
rule, royal status, reign, kingship,
royalty, nīru,
rule, domination, crosspiece, yoke, part of
a door, etc., lītu,
rule, power,
triumph, victory, victorious deed,
victorious might, bēlūtu,
ridūtu,
to rule, ma’û,
ruler, prince?, ālu,
in bēl āli,
prince, šanukatu, queen,šarratu,
queen,šarratuttu,
queenship, position of a
queen
(Akkadian)
каралева, karalieva,
queen, кароль, karoĺ,
king (Belarusian) karaleva, queen,
(Belarus) kraljica,
queen, kralj,
king (Croatian) kraljica, queen
(Serbo
Croatian)
dama, krolowa,
queen, król, king
(Polish) karaliene,
queen, ķēniņš,
king (Latvian)
regină,
queen,
rege, king (Romanian)
kuningatar,
queen, kuningas, king
(Finnish-Uralic)
βασίλισσα,
vasílissa, basilissa,
queen, Βασιλιάς,
Vasiliás, Basilias, king
(Greek) թագուհին,
t’aguhin,
queen, թագավորը, t’agavory, king
(Armenian) mbretëreshë, queen,
mbret,
king (Albanian)
errege,
king, erregina,
queen (Basque)
regnum-i, royal
power; rego,
regere, rexi, rectum, to
guide, direct, rule, govern; regius-a-um,
of a king, royal,
regal, splendid,
magnificent; regina-ae,
queen;
Rhenus-i,
the
Rhine river
rí, king,ríocht,
kingdom, réimse,
realm,banríon,
queen (Irish) rìgh,
king, bhanrigh, queen,
rìoghachd,
kingdom, realm
(Scott) brenin
(brenhinoedd), king, monarch; rhi, king,
lord;
brenhiniaeth,
kingdom, brenhines,
queen,teyrnas
-oedd, kingdom,
realm (Welsh) re, regno, king;
regina,
queen;
regno, kingdom
reggere, to reign
(Italian) reine, queen; règne, reign; règner, to reign,
rule, hold, sway, prevail; régir, to rule, govern,
administer (French)
xntawa, rule,
kingship, xntawata, ruler, king, xntawat(i),
royal, of the ruler, xntawati(ye) (Lycian)
tbar, to rule, govern, tbaraman,
ruling, governing, tbaramahit
, position of governing (Luvian)
MUNUS.LUGAL, hasusra,
queen, ishasra,
lady, mistress, isha,
lord, master,nasusara,
a queen, LUGAL,
hasu, hassu- (LUGAL)
king, tbarna/tbarna,
title of a king, hantawat, hantawad(i),
king, supreme authority, royal, hassueznae, to be king,hassuezziie/a,
hassuuezziie/a, hassue, to
become king,hasuetsna,
royalty,
hasuetsi, royal status,hantawadahit,
kingship, hantawahit,
kingdom,saladr/salan,
kingship, rulership, greatness, tapariie/a, to
rule, tbaria, ruling
order, (Hittite)
queen
[<OE
cwen],
king
[<OE cyning],
kingdom, to rule; tyrant [<Gk. turannos,
ruler]; note:
S-22 is used as verb, "he reigns"
sarit, stream,
river; navya,
adj., navigable
river, apas, wet,
âpa
[ap], water
(Avestan) rud,
رود river, stream, juy, جوی,
stream, brook, watercourse,
rudxâne,
river, nahr, نهر,
river, stream, creek, âb, اب
water, (Persian) მდინარე,
mdinare, river, ნაკატა,
nak’at’a,
stream, current
(Georgian)
šijə, river, water (Hurrian)
ikišiītu,
river, canal, kišādu,
river, ditch,canal,
bank,
rim of a pot, edge of a well, sea shore,
amulet or piece of jewelry worn around
the neck, string of beads, throat (of a
human being, a god, or an animal, ofen
including the head and shoulders), neck,
necklace, neck scarf, etc. (Akkadian)
рака, raka,
river, паток,
patok,
stream, jet
(Belarusian) Rijeka,
river, potok,
stream, brook (Croatian) rzeka,
river, strumień,
stream, torrent
(Polish) apis, river
(Baltic-Sudovian) upe,
river, straume,
stream
(Latvian) râu,
river, stream, flood, apă,
to water, apă, water,curent,
stream, flow,
tide
(Romanian) joki, river, puro, stream, brook, creek
(Finnish-Uralic)
ποτάμι, potámi,
river, ρεύμα,
revma,
current, stream, (Greek) գետը, gety,
river, հոսք, hosk’, stream (Armenian) lumi, river,
stream, rrymë,
stream
(Albanian)
ibai, river,
errekasto, korrontea,
stream (Basque)
rivus-i,
river, flumen-inis, river, stream, flood,
current
abhainn, river, sruth,
stream (Irish) abhainn, river, sruth,
stream (Scott) afon-ydd,
river, ffrwd, stream, brook, glan-nau
(glennydd), bank, shore, brink, coast;
traeth-au, strand, shore, beach (Welsh) fiume,
river, rio,
river, ruscello,
stream, brook (Italian)
rivière, river, ruisseau,
stream, creek, brook (French) નદી,
Nadī, river, ઞરણું, Ñaraṇuṁ, stream, brook
(Gujarati) nehir, river, dere, stream,
brook (Turkish) өзен, özen, river, ағын, ağın,
stream (Kazakh) daryo,
river, oqim,
stream, current, ariq,
stream, ditch, rivulet
(Uzbek) дарё, darjo,
river, ҷараён,
çarajon,
stream (Tajik) дарыя,
darıya,
river, агым, agım,
stream (Kyrgyz) голын, golyn, river,
урсгал,
ursgal, stream
(Mongolian)
kāṅk*, river, the Ganges?, āp*[B
āp],
water, river, stream
(Tocharian) ap,
water (Illyrian) hapna, hapa/i,
river (Palaic) xba(i),
3rd
pl.
pret. xbaitẽ, to irrigate
(Lycian) hapi, a river,
hapina/i, little
river, stream (Luvian)
hapa,hapas, apa,
river, ÍD, river,
hapati,
hapna, hapad(ai),
river land?, wapu/wapau, wappu->,
river bank, wappu-, river shore,
(Hittite)
river
[<Lat. ripa,
bank], stream
[<OE
stream] shore
[<ME, shore],
bank
[<of Scand. orig.], current,
[<Lat. currere,
to run], jet,
something emitted in or as if in a stream
[<Lat. jactare,
to throw]
See also,
1-83:
"water, or to go away?):
ap, Script
Q253, Q396, Q767, Q908
apa,
Script AF-1;
ape,
Script Q253, Q263, R121, R128, R142, R156,
R294; S50
apen,
Script Q460
api,
Script N670, N700, N738; MS24
kūlam, shore, udakānta, bank, shore, tira, shore, bank,
brim (of a vessel);roghas, beach,
tata, slope, declivity, shore, bank; kula,
slope, hill, shore, bank; rodha, obstruction,
restraint, blockade,
dam, bank, siege, shore
sâhel,
ساحل
shore, daryâkenâr,
دریاکنار, coast, shore,
strand,
karâne, کران beach,
shore, coast, edge, bâr, shore, plazh, پلاژ, beach
(Persian)
მდინარის ნაპირი, mdinaris nap’iri,
river bank, ნაპირი, nap’iri, shore, სანაპირო, sanap’iro, beach
(Georgian) aḫātu,
shore, bank, aḫannā,aḫennā,
shore or bank, this
side, the nearer shore or bank (Akkadian)
бераг ракі, bierah
raki, river bank, бераг, bierah,
shore, пляж, pliaž,
beach (Belarusian) obala rijeke,
river bank, poduprijeti, shore, plaža,
beach
(Croatian) brzeg
rzeki, river bank, wybrzeże, shore, plaża,
beach
(Polish) upes
krastu, river bank, krasts,
shore, beach, bank,
coast,
(Latvian) malul
râului, river bank, ţărm,
shore, beach,
bank, plajă, beach, shore (Romanian) joen penkka,
river bank, ranta, shore, beach
(Finnish-Uralic)
τράπεζα ποταμών, trápeza potamón, river bank, ακτή, aktí,
shore
revma, current, παραλία, paralía, beach, coast,
shore (Greek) գետի
բանկը, geti banky,
river bank, ափին, ap’in,
shore, ծովափ, tsovap’, beach, shore, coast
(Armenian) banka
e lumit, river bank, breg, shore
(Albanian)
urbazter, shore, Ibaiertz,
river bank, hondartza, beach (Basque)
aripa-ae, shore, bank
cladach, shore, bruach na
habhann, river bank, trá, beach
(Irish) cladach, shore, banca aibhne,
river bank, tràigh,
beach (Scott) lan, shore, glan yr Afon,
river bank, afon-ydd,
river;
glan-nau (glennydd), bank, shore, brink, coast, traeth,
beach (Welsh) riva
del fiume, river bank, ripa,
shore, bank; ripare, to protect, shelter,
repair, spiaggia, beach, shore,
sand (Italian) rive, shore, berge
de rivière,
river bank, abri,
shelter, abriter, to shelter, cover; côte,
shore, plage,
beach, shore (French)
નદી
કિનારો, Nadī kinārō, river bank,
કિનારા, Kinārā,
shore, બીચ,Bīca,
beach (Gujarati) plaj, beach
(Turkish) жағажай,
jağajay, beach (Kazakh) plyaj, beach
(Uzbek) соҳили
дарё, sohili
darjo, river bank, соҳил, sohil,
beach, coast, shore
(Tajik) пляж, plyaj,
beach (Kyrgyz)
далайн эрэг, dalain
ereg, beach, shore, coast
(Mongolian)
岸邊, Àn
biān, shore, bank, coast, beach
(Traditional Chinese) wappu->wapu/wapau,
river bank,wappu-,
river shore, (Hittite)
shore [<ME schore], bank [<of
Scand. origin], to
shelter, bar
(i.e., sand bar), beach,
[<Orig. unknown)
8-10
rip, Script
AE-8
riva
(RIFA), Script
Z1310 rifin (RIFYN) Script
XC-1
see rio
kalahaḥ, to
quarrel, kalahay, -yate, to
quarrel, contend, vigraha,
separation, division,
isolation, discord,
contest, quarrel, war with, rtiy, -yate, to
struggle, quarrel
daavâ, داوا quarrel, dava
kardan, دعوا کردن, to quarrel,
argue, setizidan, ستیزیدن,
n. quarrel, challenge, struggle,
(Persian)
,ამათი, k’amati, to
dispute, contest, argue, debate, ჩხუბი, chkhubi, to
quarrel, brawl (Georgian)
ṣalûtu,
dispute, to hold a disputation, gerû, tostart
a lawsuit, to be hostile, to open up
hostilities, to make war
(Akkadian)
сварыцца,svarycca,
to quarrel (Belarusian) svađati se, to quarrel
(Croatian) kłócić się, to quarrel
(Polish) strīdēties,
to quarrel (Latvian) să
se certe,
to quarrel (Romanian) riidellä, to quarrel
(Finnish-Uralic)
να
διαμαρτυρηθούν, na
diamartyrithoún, to quarrel, να
φιλονικία, na
filonikía, to brawl (Greek) վեճ, vech,
to quarrel (Armenian) për
të grindur,diskutoj,
to quarrel
(Albanian)
rixor-ari,
to quarrel, queror--ri-stus,
to complain, lament, sing (said of birds)
,
a rá, to quarrel (Irish) a bhith a 'creidsinn,
to quarrel (Scott) cweryla (cweryl),
quarrel; cynhennu,
to contend, quarrel;
ffraeo, to quarrel,
ymgecru, to quarrel,
wrangle, bicker
(Welsh)
litigare, to quarrel (Italian) se
disputer, to quarrel, dispute, discuter, to
dispute, guerre, conflict,
war, battle (French)
kavga, quarrel (Turkish) жанжал, janjal, to
quarrel (Kazakh) janjal,
quarrel, altercation (Uzbek) ҷанҷол,
çançol, n. quarrel (Tajik)
uruş, a quarrel (Kyrgyz) хэрүүл, kherüül,
to quarrel (Mongolian) 吵架, Chǎojià,
to quarrel, wrangle (Traditional
Chinese) mugai, to complain,
oppose, sullāi-,
sulliya-,
to argue, quarrel, scold rebuke, to become
arrogant,sullātar,
argument, quarrel, arrogance, idālawes-
(HUL-ues-), to quarrel, become
nasty, become bad, worsen,
(Hittite)
to quarrel
[<Lat.querela,
complaint], brawl [<ME brall],
strident
[<Lat. stridere,
to make a harsh sound], vex, to annoy,
bother,to puzzle, to debate at length,
[<Lat. vexare,
to shake, trouble, distress]
8-11
riseras,
Script M50
kriya,
vidhiḥ, rite, āhuti,
any solemn rite accompanied by oblations; grhya,
adj. belonging to a house, the
house-fire, domestic rite or rule; dhaman, seat,
home,
residence, law,
sacrifice, custom,
rite; karman,
action, deed, sacrifice, rite
kikkiṭṭû, ritual act, liptu,
ritual act, discolored
spot, affliction, touch (in the
physical sense), sense of touch,
craft, creation (of human beings),
handiwork, disease, epištu,
ritual, manufacture,
evil magic, crew, construction,
agricultural work, handywork,
tillage, act, kidudû,
ritual performance,pilludû,
taqribtu, taqrību,nāṭu,
ritual, parṣu, rite,
ritual, temple office, divine authority, power,
etc.,
purruṣu, to perform a
rite, upšāšu, rite, ritual, magical action
or procedure, evil machinations,
sorcery, witchcraft, kišaḫû,
a sacrifice, (Akkadian)
абрад, abrad,
rite, ахвяраваць,
achviaravać,
to sacrifice,чысты, čysty,
pure(Belarusian) obred,
rite, žrtvovati,
to sacrifice, čist, pure
(Croatian) obrzęd,
rite, ceremonia,
ceremony, poświęcić, to sacrifice,czysty,
pure (Polish) rituāls,
rite, upurēt,
to sacrifice,
(Latvian)RIT,
rite, să sacrifice,
to sacrifice,
(Romanian) riitti,
rite, uhrata, to
sacrifice,
(Finnish-Uralic)
ιεροτελεστία,
ierotelestía,
rite, ,
teletourgikos,
ritual; teleti,
ceremony, επιστολ, epistol,
letter, να θυσιάσει, na thysiásei,
to sacrifice, σκέτος,
skétos, plain, pure
(Greek) ծեսեր,tseser,
rite, զոհաբերելու
համար, zohabereluhamar, to sacrifice
(Armenian)ceremoni,
rite, te sakrifikosh,
to sacrifice,
(Albanian)
garatzen, rite, sakrifikatu,
to sacrifice (Basque)
ritus-us,
usage,
ceremony, rite; caerimonia-ae
holiness, sanctity,
holy awe, reverence,
religious usage,
sacred ceremony, devoveo -vovere vovi -votum,
to
consecrate, devote, sacer-ri,
holy, sacred, devoted for sacrifice, sacro-are-avi- atum, to
consecrate, dedicate, curse, doom, devote, ara-ae,
altar, refuge,
ghnás,
rite, iobairt,
sacrifice (Irish) deas-ghnàth,
rite, iobairt,
sacrifice (Scott)
defod-au, rite, aberth, sacrifice
(Welsh)
rito, rite, sacro, sacred, holy,
sacrificio,
sacrifice, sacrificare,
to sacrifice (Italian)
rite,
rite, sacré,
adj., sacrifice, sacrifier,
to sacrifice, (French) સંસ્કાર, Sanskāra,
rite, બલિદાન,
Balidāna, sacrifice (Gujarati) ayin, rite,
ritual, sacrement, service, kurban etmek,
to sacrifice (Turkish) салт,
salt, rite, құрбан ету, qurban
etw, to sacrifice
(Kazakh) marosim, rite, qurbon
qilmoq, to sacrifice
(Uzbek) маросим, marosim, rite, қурбонӣ,qurʙonī,
to sacrifice (Tajik) назири, naziri,
rite, курмандык, kurmandık,
to sacrifice (Kyrgyz) зан
үйл, zan üil, rite, тахил
оргох, takhil orgokh, to
sacrifice (Mongolian)
ara, rite
(Lycian)
saklai,
ceremony, rite, law,custom,
customary behaviour, rule, requirements, sakniie/a,
to anoint, É karim(n)i-,
ritual building, temple, (NA4)huwasi-,
(NA4ZI.KIN),
ritual monument,
ritual
stone, grindstone, mantli/maltli,
ritual, negative?, zāu-,
ritual object, nior, niur, ritual,
prestation, iya-,
(DÙ), to heal
with a ritual, celebrate, to father, to realize, to do,tslhai, ritual vessel, vessel used in rituals (Hittite)
in due form, with properceremony, [<Lat.caeremonia,
religious rite],
rite,
ritual [<Lat. ritualis,
of rites] devotion [<Lat. devoveo -vovere vovi
-votum, to
consecrate, devote], sacred
ceremony [<Lat. sacro-are,
to dedicate to a god, apostole,
one of the 12 disciples of Christ
[<Gk. apostolos,
messenger]
knuy, to wet,
moisten; ghr,
jigharti, to sprinkle, moisten; klid, klidyati,
to be or become wet, wet, moisten, soil; prus, prusnoti, prusnute,
to wet, moisten, sprinkle anything on
oneself, sprinkle
about, limpati,
to anoint
