mam

is (Armenian)

ja, mi, mnie
(Polish)
mane (Lithuanian)

eme (Greek)
mua, mëm ma, unë
(Albanian)

meus-a-um, my, mine

fi, fy ('m, 'n), i (fi), mi,
myfi (Welsh)
mi, pers. pron. to me,
at me, myself (Italian)
ammuk (Hittite)

me

mi, Script M-1,
AD-1; L11, L15
mia, Script Au-1,
Au90; VF-1

x

hezâr, thousand

tysiac, thousand
(Polish)

chilia, thousand
(Greek)
një mijë, thousand
(Albanian)

milarius [millarius] -a
um

mil-oedd [f], thousand
(Welsh)
millanta (Italian)
mille, adj. [m], a
thousand (French)

containing a
thousand

MiLRS, Script K100

tarjita [n], bhartsita
[n], threat, menace;
tarj, tarjati, to threaten,
menace, abuse, terrify

tahdid, padest
n], menace (Persian)

grozba, utrapienie,
zagrazac,
zagrozenie,
menace (Polish)

fobera, apeili,
foberizo, apeilo,
menace (Greek)
kërcënoj, to menace
(Albanian)

minor-ari; minax-acis
[f], projecting,
overhanging,
threatening

bygwth, to threaten,
menace (Welsh)
minacciare, to menace
(Italian)
menacer, to menace
(French)

to jut out, project,
threaten [<OE threat], menace

minas, Script TC298
minis, Script Au30

aGga, aGgati, to move;
raGg, raGgati, to move
hither and thither, to
rock; Ilay, Ilayati, to
move; taraMgay, -yati,
to move to and fro,
toss; mIv, mIvati, to
push, move

jonbes [n],
bordan, takân
dâdan, to move
(Persian)

poruszac,
posuniecie,
posuwac, przeprowadzac
sie,
przeprowadzka,
move (Polish)

kinoumai, kino,
move (Greek)
lëviz, gjallëroj,
zhvendos, detryoj,
transportoj,
mallëngjej,
transferoj,
mbartem,
manipuloj, to move
(Albanian)

moveo, movere, movi,
motum

chwimio, to move, stir,
accelerate; cyffroi, to
move, excite, stir,
incite; mudo, to move,
remove, emigrate,
migrate; ymod, to
move, stir (Welsh)
muovere (Italian)
mouvoir, to move;
mélanger, to mix
(French)

to move, set in
motion, remove,
dispossess; to
rock [<OE
roccian]

mo (mv),
Script Q521, Q813

taT, taTati, to rumble,
groan; kaj, kUjati, -te,
make inarticulate
sounds, coo, caw,
hum, moan, groan;
zvas, zvasiti, zvasati,
te, to blow, bluster,
hiss, whistle, breathe,
groan, sigh

nâle [n]
groaning; nâle,
zâri [n], moan;
nâle kardan, to
moan (Persian)

x

mougkrisma,
mougkrizo, bellow
(Greek)
pëllas, rënkoj,
ulërij,
bellow (Albanian)

mugio-ire

bugunad, to bellow;
peuo (peu-), to puff,
bellow; rhuo (rhu-), to
roar, bellow, bluster;
griddfan, ochain (och-),
to groan, moan; ubain,
to howl, wail, moan,
sob; udo, to howl,
moan (Welsh)
mogio, adj. crestfallen,
downhearted (Italian)
moche, adj. shoddy,
ugly, dowdy (French)

to bellow, low,
roar, groan

mocum (mvcvm),
Script Z1578

mA, mimIte,
mApayati, -te,
to cause to be
measured or built,
build, erect; mi, minoti,
minute, fix, establish,
build, erect, observe

sâyes [n], ârdan,
sâyidan, to
grind; sâxt [n],
sâxtan, to build;
kusidan, to
strive (Persian)

ground, mlec,
ostrzyc, grind;
krzatanina,
podniecac,
podniecenie,
pomieszac,
poruszyc, ruch,
stir; budowa,
budowac, built,
konstrukcja, build
(Polish)

aletho, tribo
akonzo, to grind
(Greek)
lëviz, trazoi, to
stir; trondit, bazoj,
ndertoj,
mbësate, to build;
luftoj, to strive
(Albanian)

molior-iri

cymysgu, to mix,
blend, mingle, jumble,
confuse; adeiladu, to
build, construct, erect,
edify ; llunio, to form,
shape, fashion, model,
construct (Welsh)
molare, to grind, bevel
(Italian)
méler, to mix, stir
(French)
wete, to build (Hittite
-Palaic)

to stir, displace,
work at, construct
laboriously, build
[<OE bold, a dwelling],
erect, strive after,
destroy; grind
[<OE grindan]

mola (mvla), Script
ZA-1, Z1282
mole, Script Z40;
MVLeS, Script
M19

mahAvega, very
impetuous or rapid;
stormy sea; cUlaka,
tuft, crest [f];
cUlikA, the comb of
a cock, crest,
summit; komala, adj.,
tender, soft; mRdU
bhU, to become soft or
soften

narm, nâzok,
adj., narm [n],
soft (Persian)

bezalkoholowy,
cichy, delikatny,
lagodny, miekki,
soft; delikatny,
lagodny, ostrozny,
szlachetny, gentle
(Polish)

malakos, apalos,
soft, leptos,
eugenikos, gentle
(Greek)
quetësoj, to
become gentle; i
ëmbël, adj. gentle
(Albanian)

mollesco-ere

esmyth, soft, smooth,
easy; meddal, adj. soft,
tender, flabby, mellow
(Welsh)
molach, adj. hairy,
rough, stormy;
mullach, top, summit
(Scott)
mollica [f] crumb
(Italian)
mollesse, adj. softness
(French)

to become
soft[<OE softe,
pleasant] or
gentle

molak (mvlak),
Script ZB-2, Z54,
Z206, Z805, Z859,
Z1049
MvLAK, Script
Z446, M-1, M24
MvLAKE, Script
Z463

dAvane, to give

dâdan, baxsidan,
to give (Persian)

dawac, gave,
podawac, give
(Polish)

dino (Greek)
jap, dorëzoj, lëshoj,
fal, përcjell, dhuroj,
transmetoj, mbaj
[leksion], bie,
shkaktoj, to give
(Albanian)

munero-are and
muneror-ari;
do [old form dano],
dare, dedi, datum, to offer, give, grant

dodi, to put, place,
ay, give (Welsh)
dare, give; presentare,
present (Italian)
donner, give, present;
present, présenter
(French)
da (Hittite)

to give [<OE
giefan], present

mono, munv (mvnv),
Script M13

kuDya [m.f.], wall;
prAkAra [m],
encircling wall,
rampart; vArya, to be
checked or restrained,
[m], wall; saMdih [f],
heap, mound, wall;
paridhi [m], enclosure,
fence, wall, cover,
garment, horizon,
circumference

divâr [n], wall

mur, otaczac
murem, sciana,
wall (Polish)

o toichos, to wall,
teichos, wall
(Greek)
mur, anë, paret,
wall (Albanian)

murus-i [m]; paries, wall

caer-au, wall, rampart,
castle, fort, fortress,
city; magwyr-edd [f],
wall; gwal-iau -au
(gwelydd) [f], wall;
mur-iau [m], wall
pared (parwyddydd)
[m], wall, partition;
peri, to cause, make,
bid, beget (Welsh)
muro [m], wall
(Italian)
mur [m] wall; murer,
to wall (French)
tanata, a wall (Hittite)

wall [<Lat. vallum
i, wall of stakes,
fortification,
defense], defense;
partition?

mor, mur (mvr),
Script Z1378,
Z1600, Z1615;
MOReS, MUReS
(mvrs), Script Z692

x

x

x

x

Morpheus-eos [m] the god of dreams

x

Morpheus?

Morve (mvrfe),
Script Aph-18

gItavAdan[n], n. song
and music; taurya [n],
music; saMtani,
propogating a
continous sound,
sound, music; vad,
vadati, -te, sing, sound,
tell, teach, foretell
predict; make music,
speak, recite

âhang, xoniyâ,
navâ, music
(Persian)

damac, zadumac
sie, muse;
muzyka, nuty,
music (Polish)

rembazo,
rembasmos, muse;
mousiki, music
(Greek)
muzë, mendim [n],
muse (Albanian)

Musa-ae [f] the
goddess of music

cerdd-i -uf [f], song,
poem, lay, music,
poetry; cynghanedd
ion [f], music,
harmony; miwsig [m],
music (Welsh)
Musa [f], Muse,
inspiration (Italian)
Muse [f] (French)

Muse, Musa
goddess of music
[<Gk. mousike]?

mosei, musei
(mvsei), Script Q46

viprakRti [f], change,
variation; vihara[ m],
transposition, change;
vaikArya [n], change,
alteration; vinimaya
[m], change,
permutation,
reciprocity; Uha [m],
addition, change,
modification;
vipariNAma [m],
change, transformation

degargun kardan,
gardânidan,
degargun sodan,
to change (Persian)

drobne, odmiana,
prezebrac,
przesiadka, reszta,
rozmieniac,
wymieniac,
zmiana, zmieniac

allagi, allasso,
metaballo, change;
metalasso,
metakino,
metakinoumai,
ypekfevgo, bardia,
shift (Greek)
këmbej, ndryshoj,
ndreq, shkëmbej,
ndërroj, thyej
(Albanian)

muto-are

newid, to change, alter,
modify, commute,
convert, to change
(Welsh)
muta [f], change, shift,
relay (Italian)
mutation, change,
mutation [f]; mutin
adj. unruly,
mutinouurs
(French)

to move [<Lat.
moveo, movere,
movi, motum]
shift [<OE sciftan],
change [<LLat.
cambiare]?

motin, mutin
(mvtin),
Script Z133, Z234;
motinum, mutinum
(mvtinvm), Script
Z10

satya, adj. real, true,
genuine, serious, valid,
sincere, faithful,
honest, good, reality;
khalu, adv., indeed,
verily, truly; itthA,
adv., right, well,
really, truly, indeed,
even

berâsti, adv.,
truly (Persian)

istotnie,
naprawde,
rzeczywiscie,
indeed; lojalnie,
naprawde,
rzeczywiscie,
truly (Polish)

pragmati,
pragmatika, indeed
(Greek)
në, të, vërtettë, me
të vërtetë, vërtet,
indeed, adv.; me të
vërtet, vërtet;
ciltërsisht, realisht,
bisnikërisht,
sinqerisht
(Albanian)

ne [nae], used before
pronouns, indeed,
truly; veritas-itas, the
truth, reality

dros ben, adv.
exceedingly, extra,
indeed, left over; iawn,
adv. very, indeed;
gwir, adj., true, actual,
real, authentic; yn wir,
adv. indeed; gwir [m],
truth (Welsh)
in verita, veramente
(Italian)
en effet, vraiment]
(French)

indeed [<ME
indede], truly
[<OE treowe,
loyal]

na, Script ZB-3,
Z10, Z40, Z272,
Z561, Z568, Z681,
Z1080, Z1088,
Z1397, Z1591,
Z1647, TC28,
TC103, TC213,
K79, K86, K92,
K131, K136, AH-1,
N469, J45

na, ne, (no), má (don't)

môi (not, never);
mâ, not (Avestan)

ne (Serbo
Croatian)
liczba, nie, numer,
odmowa,
polnocny,
sprzeciw, zaden,
no; nic, wcale,
nothing (Polish)
nisto, adv. nothing
(Belarus)
ne, ni (Baltic
Sudovian)

ochi, mi, má, mé
(Greek)
jo, jo aspak,
adv.(Albanian)

non

dim, no; neb, no one;
na (nad), adv. no, not,
nay; naddo, adv. no;
nag oes, adv. no; nage,
adv. no, not so, nay
(Welsh)

no (Italian)
non (French)
má (Tocharian)
ni (Lydian & Lycian) ni, nis (Luwian)
natta, no (Hittite)

not [<OE nowiht],
no [<OE na]

ne, Script Z543,
Z918, K113, N417,
N647, Q53, Q74,
Q84, Q95, Q661,
Q692, Q726, A745,
Q821, Q847, R248,
R286, R325, R359
ni, Script Z386,
Au13

no

hicyek, na, nor,
conj. (Persian)

ni, niti (Serbo
Croatian)
ani, negacja sumy
logicznej, tez nie
(Polish)
ani...ani, niether...
nor (Belarus)
negi (Baltic
Sudovian)

ochi (Greek)
as, asnjë (Albanian)

ne, neque

ni...na, neither..nor
(Welsh)
nè (Italian)
ni (French)

nor [<ME nor]

ne, see above

prajAt, adj., [f], born

nik, good,
prosperity
(Yagnobian)
nek, good,
prosperity; zâyide
sode, adj., born
(Persian)

urodzony, born
(Polish)

gennimenos,
gennitheis, born
(Greek)
i lindur, i
konceptuar, i sajuar
(Albanian)

nascor-i, to be born, to
come into existence,
arise, be produced

geni, to be born, bear
(Welsh)
nascere; nascesfe, you
arose (Italian)
naître (French)
has, to derivate,
generate (Hittite)

born [<OE beran]?
to be born?

nac, Scripts
AH-3, Z263, Z432,
Z1227, Z1591,
Z1623, Au-1, Au55,
Au74, L15
nacim, Script AM-6
nacus (nakfs), Script
M32
nak, Script Z887,
Q303
nakua (nakfa), Script
Z522, Z905
nai, Script N100,
N112, N469

tArya, adj.to be
crossed or conquered;
[n], fare, toll; tArika
[n], fare or toll for
passage.

kerâye [n] fare,
gozarân kardan,
to pay a fare
(Persian)

czuc sie, jedzenie,
miew ac sie,
oplata, wikt, fare
(Polish)

navlos, agogio
fare (Greek)
tarifë, pagesë,
udhëtar, ushqim,
engrëne [n], fare
(Albanian)

naulum-i

cost-au [f.m.], cost,
expense, fare, outlay
pris-iau-oedd [m],
price, value, fare,
charge (Welsh)
prezzo [m], price, cost
(Italian)
tarif [m] (French

fare [<OE faran],
passage money,
tariff [<Ar. tarif,
notification], cost
[<Lat. consto
stare -atit -statum,
to stand together,
correspond, cost;
price [<Lat.
pretium-i]

x

barâye, barâye
inke, for, conj.,
barâye, darpey,
prep., for
(Persian)

dla, gdyz,
poniewaz, przez,
za, zamiast, for
(Polish)

gia, dioti, for
(Greek)
në favor të, për, në
emër të, si, gjatë,
për në, për shkak,
for, prep.
(Albanian)

nam, namque

canys (cans), oblegid,
conj., because, for
(Welsh)
per, a, di (Italian)
pour, de, par (French)

for [<OE for]

nam, Script Z1319

x

x

x

elegeia, (Greek)
këngë vaji, muzikë
e përmortshme,
dirge (Albanian)

naenia = nenia-ae [f],
funeral song, dirge

galargan-au [f], dirge;
galarnad-au [f],
marwnad-au [f]
lamentation, dirge,
elegy; (Welsh)
nenia (Italian)
ishamai, a song
(Hittite)

funeral song, dirge
[<Lat. dirigo
rigere -rexi
rectum, to direct],
elegy [<Gk.
elegeia]; mourning
[<murnan, to
mourn]

nanie, Script Q53

azucivrata, adj.,
making unholy vows

nâpâk, nâavize,
adj., unholy
(Persian)

nieszczesliwy,
nieszczesny,
unfortunate
(Polish)

anosios, asebis,
unholy (Greek)
mbinatyror, i
mëkatshëm,
unholy, adj.
(Albanian)

nefas

anffodus
(anffortunus), adj.
unfortunate; anfad, adj.
wicked, nefarious;
trwch [f], broken,
unfortunate, wicked
(Welsh)
nefasto, adj. ominous,
unfortunate (Italian)
néfast, adj. ill-omened,
pernicious (French)

contrary to divine
command, unholy;
nefarious [<Lat.
nefas]

naph, S-1;
naphar, Script N184

napti [f], daughter or
grand-daughter

nave, navâde,
grandchild [n]
(Persian)

x

mbesë (Albanian)

neptis-is

wyres-au [f], Welsh)
nipote [m., f] (Italian)
petite-fille [f] (French)

grand-daughter

napti, Script Q53

bhaN, bhaNati, to
speak, say, relate, call,
name; vac, vivakti,
vakti, to say, speak,
tell, reproach, censure,
blame, repeat or reply

dâstânsarâyi,
narration [n];
goftan, soxan
goftan, to say
(Persian)

mowic,
powiedziec, said,
say (Polish)

lego, gnomi, say
(Greek)
kallëzim, tregim,
rrëfenjë, ritregim,
narration [n]; flas,
them, deklamoj,
mendoj, shpreh, to
say (Albanian)

narro-are

dweud, to say, speak,
tell; adrodd, to recite,
relate, report, narrate,
recount (Welsh)
narrare (Italian)
narrer (French)
mema, tar, to speak;
(Hittite)

to make known, to
say, [<OE secgan]
to narrarate, speak
[<OE sprecan]

nar, Script Z648,
AJ17;
nara, Script Q65,
Q74, Q95, Q460

prajAt, adj., [f], born

zâyide sode, adj.,
born (Persian)

urodzony, born
(Polish)

gennimenos,
gennitheis, born
(Greek)
i lindur, i
konceptuar, i sajuar
(Albanian)

nascor-i, natos and
[gnatus], to be born, to
come into existence,
arise, be produced;
natus-a-um, born,
naturally, fitted or
constituted; natio-onis
[f] being born, birth, a
tribe, race, people

geni, to be born, bear
(Welsh)
nascere; nazione[f]
nation (Italian)
naître, nation [f],
nation (French);

cin, a sort, kind
(Phrygian)
has, to derivate,
generate; hasmi,, kin,
kinship (Hittite)

born? to be born?

nas, Script TC170,
TC231, J35, K13,
AD-1, AE-1, AK-1,
AN-1, AN12,
AN31, R5;
natine, Script Q243,
R565;

x

x

Natalia, personal
name (Slavic)

Nasia, place name,
Nasia, Greece

natus-a-um, born

x

Nasia, personal
name [<Lat.
Natalie]

Nasia, VF-5

tattvabhAva,
true being or
nature

nahâd, serest,
tabiat,[n], nature
(Persian)

kharakter, natura,
przyroda,
usposobienie,
nature (Polish)
daba, nature
(Baltic-Sudovian)

fysi, idiotita,
charaktiras,
ousia, eidos,
organismos,
(Greek)
ckarakter, natyrë
(Albanian)

nature-ae [f]

natur [f], nature,
temper; naws-au [f],
nature, disposition,
essence, quality;
ansawdd, quality,
state, condition, nature (Welsh)
nàdur, nàdurra (Scott)
natura [f], carattere [m] (Italian)
nature [f] caractére [f]
(French)

birth [<ON
burdhr], nature,
an element, the
world,
character [<Gr.
kharakter]

natur (natvr)
Script R156; TC61; See Note (1) & Errata (1)

nau [f] boat, ship,
vessel;

novrok (Kurdish)
nàva (Persian)

okret, statek,
wyslac,
zaladowac, ship;
lodka, lodz, statek
szalupa, boat
(Polish)

ploio, fortono, ship
barka, karabi,
ploio, ploiario,
boat (Greek)
anije, vapor, ship
[n]; barkë, varkë
lundër [n], boat
(Albanian)

navis-is [f] ship
navicula-ae [f] boat
navale-is, a station for
ships; navalis-e, of
ships, naval, nautical;

llong-au [f], ship, bark,
craft; bad-au [m], boat;
cwch (cychod) [m],
boat, hive, beehive;
ysgraff-au [f], boat,
barge, ferry (Welsh)
nave [f]; barca [f], boat
(Italian)
navire [m], vessel;
barque [f], boat
(French)

ship, boat, barque,
sloop [Du. sloep]

nave (na8e), Script
Q152
naflis, Script NC-2

x

enkâr, nakirâyi
[n], denial
(Persian)

odmowic,
zaprzeczyc, deny
(Polish)

arnoumai, deny
(Greek)
mohoj, abdikoj,
nuk pranoj,
refuzoj, tërhiqem,
deny [n]
(Albanian)

nego-are; denego-are,
to say no, deny

gomedd, to refuse,
deny, forbid; gwrthod,
refuse, reject, deny,
decline (Welsh)
negare (Italian)
neir (French)

to say no, deny
[<Lat. denego
are]?

nekie, Script Z692

hvu, hvute, to hide
from, conceal from,
refuse, deny; satisfy,
apologize; sidh,
sedhati, -te, to drive
off, keep off, {prati}
prevent, deny, forbid,
refuse, deny

enkâr, nakirâyi
[n], denial
magar inke,
magar, conj.,
unless (Persian)

odmowic,
zaprzeczyc, deny
chyba ze, jesli nie,
unless (Polish)

arnoumai, deny
(Greek)

mohoj, abdikoj,
nuk pranoj,
refuzoj, tërhiqem,
deny [n]
(Albanian)

nego-are; to deny; ni
[nei] and nivi, if not

gomedd, to refuse,
deny, forbid; gwrthod,
refuse, reject, deny,
decline; oni (onid), if not, unless; except, save, but (Welsh)
negare, to deny; ecceto
che, unless (Italian)
neir, to deny; éxcepte,
unless (French)

to say no, deny?;
if not, unless
[<ME unlesse],
also

neip, Script Z692

hvu, hvute, to hide
from, conceal from,
refuse, deny; satisfy,
apologize; sidh,
sedhati, -te, to drive
off, keep off, {prati}
prevent, deny, forbid,
refuse, deny

enkâr, nakirâyi [n],
denial (Persian)

odmowic,
zaprzeczyc, deny
(Polish)

arnoumai, deny
(Greek)
mohoj, abdikoj,
nuk pranoj,
refuzoj, tërhiqem,
deny [n]
(Albanian)

nego-are; Naear,
Evadne, a nymph

gomedd, to refuse,
deny, forbid; gwrthod,
refuse, reject, deny,
decline (Welsh)
negare (Italian)
neir (French)

to say no, deny?
the nymph Naear?

neir, Script Q906

bhrAtRvya [m],
father's brother's son;
nephew, cousin; rival,
adversary, enemy;
pautraka [m], grandson

barâdarzâde,
xâharzâde,
nephew (Persian)

bratanek,
siostrzeniec,
nephew (Polish)

anepsios, nephew
(Greek)
nip, nephew
(Albanian)

nepos-otis [m]

wyr (wyrion) [m],
grandson; nai (neiaint)
[m], nephew (Welsh)
nepote [m] (Italian)
neveu [m] (French)
hassa, hams, a
grandson (Hittite)

grandson,
nephew [<Lat.
nepos]?

nepos, Script F12

kRt, kRNatti, twist
the thread, spin
{krtayati}, weave;
tan, tanoti, tanute, to
extend, stretch, spread,
lengthen, spin out,
weave, string a bow

restan, ristan, tanidan, to spin (Persian)

tkac, wove, weave
(Polish)

yfaino, weave
(Greek)
gërshetoj, ndërthur,
mpleks, to
interweave
(Albanian)

neo, nere, nevi, netum

gweu, to weave, knit;
ystofi, to warp,
weave, plan; plethu, to
plait, weave, fold,
braid, mat (Welsh)
tessere (Italian)
tisser, entrelacer, to
weave together
(French)

to spin,
interweave, weave
[<OE wefan], to
plait [<Lat. plico
are, to fold]

ner, Script N725;
neris, Script Z1300;
nerons (nervns),
Script Z791, Z851,
Z975, Z1013,
Z1040

nAsA [f], nose

bini [n], nose
(Persian)

nos, wech, nose
(Polish)

myti, myrizomai,
nose (Greek)
hundë, grykë
[shishe], nuhatje,
kic [anije], nockë
[kafshe], nose [n]
(Albanian)

nasus-i [m]

trwyn-au [m], nose,
snout, nozzle, point,
cape Welsh)
nazo [m] (Italian)
nez [m] (French)

nose [<OE nosu]?

nes, Script K58

pUtrima, adj., purified,
clean; zaucavant, adj.,
clean, pure; accha, adj.,
clear, transparent,
clean, pure; avadAta,
adj. clean, pure, white,
clear; dA, {pp. dAta}
to clean, purify

pâk, pâkize, adj.
clean; sostan, pâk
kardan, to wash
(Persian)

czysty, oczyscic,
clean (Polish)

katharos, clean
(Greek)
pastroj, purifikoj,
to cleanse
(Albanian)

purgo-are, to clean;
lavo, lavare or lavere,
lavi, lautum or lotum
or lavatum, to wash

glanhau, to cleanse,
purify, clean, purge,
dredge (Welsh)
nettare (Italian)
nettoyer (French)
parkui, pure, clean
(Hittite)

to clean [<OE
claene], cleanse

neti, Script Z1088

satya, adj. real, true,
genuine, serious, valid,
sincere, faithful,
honest, good, reality;
khalu, adv., indeed,
verily, truly; itthA,
adv., righyt, well,
really, truly, indeed,
even

berâsti, adv.,
truly (Persian)

istotnie,
naprawde,
rzeczywiscie,
indeed; lojalnie,
naprawde,
rzeczywiscie,
truly (Polish)

pragmati,
pragmatika, indeed;
alithina, eilikrina,
truly (Greek)
në, të, vërtettë, me
të vërtetë, vërtet,
indeed, adv.; me të
vërtet, vërtet;
ciltërsisht, realisht,
bisnikërisht,
sinqerisht
(Albanian)

nai = ne [nae], used
before pronouns, indeed, truly

dros ben, adv.
exceedingly, extra,
indeed, left over; iawn,
adv. very, indeed;
gwir, adj., true, actual,
real, authentic; yn wir,
adv. indeed; gwir [m],
truth (Welsh)
in verita, veramente
(Italian)
en effet, vraiment]
(French)

indeed [<ME
ndede], truly
[<OE treowe,
loyal]

nia, Script Aph-1;
see na above.

iSUy, -yati, to strive,
endeavour; inakS,
inakSati, to strive to
get; vanuS, vanuSyati,
te, to aim at, strive
after, plot against,
attack; iradh, -dhate,
strive to gain; yakS,
yakSati, -te, to press
on, strive after

kusidan, to strive
(Persian)

dazyc, starac sie,
strove, usilowac,
strive (Polish)

agonizomai,
prospatho, strive,
entasi, tasi,
tentoma,
prospatheia,
enteino, epekteino,
strain (Greek)
luftoj, përpiqem,
orvatem, to strive
(Albanian)

nixor-ari

ymdrechu, to wrestle,
strive, endeavour;
ymryson, to contend,
strive, contest, debate,
dispute (Welsh)
lottare, to fight,
struggle, strive (Italian)
lutter, wrestle,
struggle, contend
(French)

to lean [<OE
hleonian] upon,
strive [<OFr.
estriver, of
Germanic origin],
strain

nics, Script Z1265

nirbhara, adj.,
excessive, violent;
ativAda [m], excessive
language, injury;
udgADha, adj.,
overflowing with,
excessive, vehement

afzuni, bisi, adj.,
[n], excess
(Persian)

nadmierny,
excessive (Polish)

polys, much
(Greek)
jashtë mase, i
tepërt, i tepruar, i
tepërm, adj.
excessive
(Albanian)

nimis, very much;
nimius-u-um, very
great, excessive,
intemperate

gormodol, adj.,
excessive, exorbitant,
redundant (Welsh)
eccesivo (Italian)
exsessif, adj.(French)
meikki, much, many
(Hittite)

very much, too
much, excessive
[<Lat. excessus
us, departure,
death, digression]

nimo, nimu (nimv),
Script L71 - word
should be confirmed

x

hic, adv., hic, nisti
[n], nothing
(Persian)

nic, wcale, nothing
(Polish)

tipote (Greek)
asgjë, asnjë, hic,
nothing, pron.
(Albanian)

nihil, nil

dim [m], any, no, not,
none (Welsh)
nessuna cosa (Italian)
rien (French)
natta, no, not (Hittite)

nothing

niol, niul (nivl),
Script M78;
nifl, Script Z606

x

navaca
(Avestan)
noh, nohtâ
(Persian)

dzievia (Belarus)
nevinei (Baltic-
Sudovian)

ennea, ennia
(Greek)
nëntë (Albanian)

novem

naoi (Scott)
naw [m] (Welsh)
nove (Italian)
neuf (French)

nine [<OE nigon]

niv (nif)
Script J43;

x

estesnâ [n],
(Persian),

chyba ze, poza,
procz, wykluczac,
zwyjatkiem,
except (Polish)

ektos ean, unless;
ektos, except
(Greek)
vec, përvec, me
përjashtim të,
except, prep.
(Albanian)

nisi

eithr, conj. but;
heblaw, prep., beside,
besides, except;
namyn, prep, except,
but, save; oddieithr,
prep., unless, except;
ond, prep. except,
save, but; oni (onid),
except, save, but (Welsh)
ecceto (Italian)
excepté, sauf (French)

if not, unless,
except [<Lat.
exceptus]

nis, Script Z591

avasA [f], rest,
liberation; adj.
zamaprApta, come to
rest; uparamaNa,
coming to rest;
dhruvase, to stop or
rest

âsâyes, pâye, [n],
âsudan, to rest
(Persian)

odpoczynek,
odpoczywac,
oparcie, oprzec
sie, pozostac,
pozostali,
pozostalosc,
reszta, spoczynek,
spoczywac, rest
(Polish)

ypoloipo, anapafsi,
anapavomai, rest
(Greek)
clodh, clodhem,
mbështetem,
prehem, pushoj, to
rest (Albanian)

nissus-a-um, partic.
from nitor, niti, nisus
or nixus

cynnal, to sustain,
maintain, operate,
undertake, support,
uphold, keep, hold
(Welsh)
sostener (Italian)
gagner sa vie (French)

to rest [<OE rest],
lean, support
oneself, sustain
[Lat. sustineo
-tinere -tinui
-tentum, to hold
up, support,
sustain]

nisa, Script AG-1

plu, plavate, to float,
swim, bathe, sail;
dhAv, dhA3vati, run,
stream, pour, ride,
swim, glide, hasten;
tR, tarati, -te, tirati,
te, turati, -te, titarti,
tarute, to cross over,
overcome, escape,
swim, rush on, be
saved

senâ kardan,
senâvar sodan, to
swim (Persian)

miec zawroty, plywanie, swam (Polish)

kolympo, swim
(Greek)
not, notim, swim
[n], fut në ujë,
notoj, to swim
(Albanian)

ne, no; no, nare, navi,
to swim

nofio, to swim, float
(Welsh)
no, no; nuotare, to
swim (Italian)
non, no; nager, to
swim (French)

to swim [<OE swimman]?

no, nu (nv), Script
M50;

noa, Script Z522

nakti, niz [f], kSapA,
[f], nak (nom) night

sab, sabhangâm,
adj., [n], night
(Persian)

noc, wieczor, night
(Polish)

nychta, night
(Greek)
mbrëmje, natë,
errësirë, night [n]
(Albanian)

nox-noctis [f]

nos-au, nosweithiau
[f], night, dark (Welsh)
notte [f] (Italian)
nuit [f] (French)
neku, to get dark
(Hittite)

night [<OE niht]?

nocis (nvcis), Script R447

naama, naaman.h

nãma [nãman] (Avestan)
nâm [n], nâmidan,
to name (Persian)

ime (Serbo
Croation)
imie, nazwa, nazwisko, name (Polish)
imia, nazva, f.,
nazow, m.
name of a thing
(Belarus)

anoma, anomazo
(Greek)
emër, emërim
(Albanian)

nomem-inis

enw-au [m], name,
appellation,
denomination, noun
(Welsh)
ainm (Scott)
anv (Breton)
nome [m] (Italian)
nom [m] (French)
ñom, ñem
(Tocharian)

name

nomem (nvmem)
Script N184

na

na, na-, ma-, adv.,
not (Persian)

negacja logiczna,
nie, not (Polish)

ochi, mi, not
(Greek)
jo, nuk, mos, not,
adv. (Albanian)

non [old forms
noenum, noenu], not

dim, no; neb, no one;
na (nad), adv. no, not,
nay; naddo, adv. no;
nag oes, adv. no; nage,
adv. no, not so, nay
(Welsh)
no, no (Italian)
non, no (French)
natta, no, not (Hittite)

no [<OE nowiht]?

non (nvn), Script
Z40, Z54, Z150,
Z176, Z190, Z206,
Z327, Z347, Z357,
Z369, Z439, Z446,
Z1846, Z1853,
Z1869, Aph-22

nava, adj., new, fresh,
young; adv., newly,
ately, just

dir, sâdravân,
anusiravân, adj.,
late; dir, adv.,
lately (Persian)

ostatnio, lately
(Polish)

tora teleftaia,
prosfata, lately
(Greek)
kohët e fundit,
shumë kohë
përpara, lately,
adv. (Albanian)

nuper

diweddar, adj. recent,
late, modern, belated
(Welsh)
recentemente (Italian)
dernièrement (French)

lately [<OE laet],
not long ago

noper, nuper
(nvper), Script
R121, R133, R150

snushhaa [f]

bäyu (Persian)

synowa, (Polish)
dacka [f] (pl.:
docki, daughter
(Belarus)
snusa (Baltic-Sudovian)

kori (Greek)
kunatë, nuse
(Albanian)

nurus-us

gwaudd [f] (Welsh)
nuora [f] (Italian)

bru [f] (French)

daughter-in-law

nora (nora) Script AH-9
nora (nvra), Script
TC61, BS-10
nore (nvre), Script TC201

x

x

x

x

x

x

person's name, Nurpener?

Norpener, (Nvrpener), Script R94

x

nô [azem]

nasz (Polish)
nusun (Baltic
Sudovian)

mas, emas (Greek)
jonë, ynë
(Albanian)

nos

ein ('n), (Welsh)
noi, us; nostro,
nostri, nostra, nostre
(Italian)
nous, us; nos
(French)

our [<OE ure]

nos (nvs)
Script Z133
ione (ivne),
Script N607, Q253, R219
ionas, (ivnes)
Script Au76

bhIra, adj., inspiring
fear, frightening;
bhayakara, adj.,
causing fear; bhI,
bhayate, bibheti, to
fear, be afraid of

tars, bim [n],
tarsidan, to fear
bim dâstan, to
panic (Persian)

bac sie, obawa,
strach, fear
paniczny, panika,
poploch, szerzyc
poploch, panic
(Polish)

fobos, fear;
panikos, fobos,
panic (Greek)
dicka shumë
argëtuese, panik,
lemeri, panic [n]
(Albanian)

paveo, pavere, pavi,
to fear, quake;
pavimento-are, to pave

arswydo, to dread,
fear, shudder; ofni, to
fear, dread, apprehend;
arynaig [m], fear, dread
(Welsh)
pavimentare, to pave;
paura [f], fear, dread
(Italian)
paver, to pave; peur
[f], fear, dread
(French)

to fear [<OE faer],
panic; phobia,
to pave?

bhiSajy, -jyati,
bhiSNajy, -jyati, to
heal, cure

behbudi dâdan,
câre kardan,
darmân kardan, to
heal (Persian)

uzdrowiciel, healer
(Polish)

therapevo, heal
(Greek)
ilac, shërues, healer
[n] (Albanian)

paean-anis [m]; curo
are, to cure, heal

iacha/u, to heal, cure,
save; mendio, to mend,
heal, recover (Welsh)
guarire, cicatrizzare,
sanare, to heal (Italian)
guérir, cicatriser, to
heal (French)

the healer [<OE
haelan, to heal], a
surname of
Apollo; to mend
[<OE mendan]

x

x

x

x

Pallas-adis and ados
[f], Athena, the Greek
goddess of wisdom;
Minerva

palo [m], pair, couple;
pala [f] shovel (Italian)

Athena?

dRDhay, -yati, to
make firm, fasten,
confirm, strengthen
yu, yauti, yute,
yuvati, -te, fasten,
hold fast, bind,
harness, join, unite;
dRbh, dRbhati, to
connect, write; likh,
likhati (-te), to scratch,

furrow, slit, draw a
line write

bastan, casbândan,
to fasten;
nevestan, nâme
nevestan, to write
(Persian)

przymocowac,
zamknac, zapiac,
fasten (Polish)

deno, stereono,
fasten; grafo, write;
syntheto, compose
(Greek)
lidh, fiksoj, kapem,
mbyll, shtréngoj, to
fasten; kompozoj,
shkruaj, to write
(Albanian)

pango, pangere, panxi;

ffasno, to fasten;
clymu, to knot, tie,
fasten, knit cliciedu, to
latch, fasten; cau, to
shut, close, enclose,
fence, barricade,
obstruct, fasten, lace
(Welsh)
attacare, fissare, to
fasten, scriver, to write
(Italian);
attacher, fixer, to fastenm (French)

to fasten [<OE
faestnian], fix
[<Lat. fixus, pp.
of figo-figere, fixi,
fixum, to fasten],
write, compose,
agree upon; to
scratch [ME
scracchen]

x

x

x

x

Pania, region near
Chiuso

pannia [f], time
(Italian)

the people / region
of Pania?

tan, tanoti, tanute, to
extend, stretch, spread,
last, continue,
protract, lengthen,
spin out, weave; pis,
pisyati, to stretch; Rj,
RJjati, -te, Rjyati, -te,
to stretch out, strive
after, long for, grasp,
snatch

pahn kardan,
gostardan, paxs
kardan, to spread;
kasidan, kas
dâdan, gostares
dâdan, to stretch
(Persian)

elastycznosc,
naciagnac, napiac,
naprezyc,
przeciag,
rosciagnac,
rozciagniecie,
rospietosc, stretch
przestrzen,
rozciagac, rozrzut,
spread, szerzenie,
szerzyc, spread
(Polish)

xaplono, diadido,
spread; tentono,
ekteino,
ekteinomai,
tentoma, stretch
(Greek)
hap, tërheq, forcoj,
zgjias, zgjat,
ekzagjeroj, shtrij,
shtriqem, zmadhoj,
tendos, tensionoj,
tejkaloj, to stretch
(Albanian)

pando, pandare, pandi,
pansum and passum

estyn, to extend, reach,
pass, hand, stretch,
lengthen, elongate;
taenu, to spread,
expand, stretch,
disperse, disseminate
ymestyn, to reach,
stretch, extend, project
(Welsh)
tendere (Italian)
tendre (French
pangarija, to spread
(Hittite)

to stretch [<OE streccan] out,
spread [<OE
spraeden] out,
throw open, lay
open; extend
[<Lat. extendo
tendere -tendi
tensum, to stretch
out], expand

valbh, valbhate, to eat,
taste; ghas, ghasti, to
devour, swallow, eat;
ad, atti, to eat, feed on,
consume, devour

xordan, to eat
(Persian)

ate, jesc, to eat
(Polish)

trogo, eat (Greek)
ha, kam shije,
ushqehem, harxhoj,
lëpu [zhrg.],
shkatërroj,
shqetësoj, to eat
(Albanian)

pappo-are, to eat; edo
edere or esse, edi,
esum to eat, devour,
consume waste

bwyta, to eat, mess,
corrode; ysu, to
consume, eat, corrode,
devour, fret (Welsh)
mangiare (Italian)
manger (French)
at (Hittite)

to eat [<OE etan]

atyalpa, adj., very
little; amati, adj., poor;
[f], poverty

andak, kucak,
xord, adj., andak,
adv., little; binavâ,
tohidast, nazâr,
adj., binavâ [n],
poor (Persian)

less, malo, maly,
nieduzy, niewiele,
little; biedny,
nedzny, ubogi,
poor (Polish)

mikros, ligos, little
ftochos, poor
(Greek)
mendjengushtë
[fig.], i vocër, i
vogël, i pakët, pak,
i shkurtër; adj.,
pak, paksa, adv.;
pak, pron. little;
fukara, i varfanjak,
i varfër, i gjorë, i
keq, adj. poor
(Albanian)

parvus-a-um

bach (lleied, llai, lleiaf),
adj. little, small,
minute, petty (Welsh)
poco, picolo, little;
povero, adj. poor
(Italian)
petite, peu, little;
pauvre, adj. poor
(French)
tepu, small, low
(Hittite)

little, less [<OE
laessa, of little];
small, slight,
weak; short,
young, poor
[<Lat. pauper],
insignificant; a
little, minor,
inferior]; few
[<OE feawe]

x

x

x

x

pax, pacis, peace

pace, f. peace, quiet, It.:
paix, f. peace, Fr.

peace, quiet?

pasia, S-22

pita, pitaa
pitR^i, father

pitar, patar,
ptar, father (Avestan)

otac, father (Serbo
Croatian)
ojciec, father
(Polish)
aciec, aciec, baçka,
father (Belarus)
tavas, father,
(Baltic-Sudovian)
te.tis, father
(Baltic-Lithuanian)

pater, tetta, father
(Greek)
baba, ate, father
(Albanian)

patria-ae [f], fatherland

tad (Welsh)
athair-ar (Scott)
tad (Breton)
padre [m], father;
patria [f], fatherland
(Italian)
père [m], father, patrie
[f], fatherland; tête,
head, leader, summit
(French)
pácar, father,
(Tocharian)
tedi, a father,
teTTi, paternal
(Lycian)
tati, father (Hittite)

father [<OE faeder], fatherland

patre, Script Q53, Q162, Q171, Q209,
Q243, Q416
patrebum, Script
R258;
See also: teto (tetv)
Script Q, R
ate, ates, atia, ati

x

barâye, barâye,
inke,conj., barâye,
darpey, prep.,
through; bedaste,
bâ, dame, by,
prep., sartâsar,
adj., adv., through
(Persian)

dla, gdyz,
poniewaz, przez,
za, zamiast, for;
obok, przez, przy,
u, w poblizu, by;
bezposredni, na
wylot, przez,
through (Polish)

gia, dioti, for; para,
konta, plision, dia,
apo, by; dia mesou,
kateytheian, pera
gia pera, through
(Greek)
në favor të, për, në
emër të, si, gjatë, në
vend të, për në, për
shkak, prep. for
(Albanian)

per

canys (cans), oblegid,
for; heibio, by;
trwodd, trwy, through
(Welsh)
per (Italian)
par (French

for [<OE for], by
[<OE bi], through
[<OE thuruh]

pApa (pApa), bad,
wicked, evil,
inauspicious; badly,
wrongly [m], bad
fellow, wretch,
profligate; evil, sin,
harm, trouble

zest, sum,
ziyânâar, adj., badi
[n], bad (Persian)

dotkliwie, marnie,
paskudnie, silnie,
zle, badly (Polish)

aschima, badly
(Greek)
keq, keqas, shumë,
me rrezik, badly,
adv. (Albanian)

peior-us, peius, superl.
pessime, badly, ill

drwg (cyunddrwg,
gwaeth, gwaethaf), adj.
bad, evil,
naughty, wicked, ill;
drwg (drygau) [m],
evil, harm, hurt, ill,
malady, mischief
(Welsh)
pessimismo [m],
pessimisim;
malamente, fortemente,
badly, adv. (Italian)
pessisism [m],
pessimisim;
méchamment, mal,
badly, adv. (French

badly [<ME
badde, bad]

carmin, adj., covered
with skin; [m], shield
bearer; tvaca [n], hide,
skin; chavi [f], skin,
hide, complexion,
colour, beauty,
splendour

pust, carm, xaz,
skin [n] (Persian)

cera, obdzierac ze
skory, obierac,
poszycie, skora,
skorka, skin
(Polish)

derma, floios,
flouda, gderno,
xefloudizo, skin;
krybo, krybomai,
hide (Greek)
lëkurë, gëzof,
lëvore, kacek,
mashtrues, shakull,
skin [n] (Albanian)

pellis-is [f]

cen [m], skin, peel,
scales, scurf, film;
croen, skin, hide, pelt,
rind (Welsh)
pelle [f], skin, hide,
peel (Italian)
peau, pellicule [f];
peler, to skin (French)

skin [<ON skinn],
hide [<OE hyd]

pel, Scripts N660, Q500, R270

patatra [n], wing,
pinion, feather;
pattray, -yati, to
feather; parNa, wing,
plume, feather

par [n], feather
(Persian)

piorko, pioro,
pokryc piorami,
upierzenie, feather
(Polish)

kthim horizontal,
pupël, pendë,
vogëlsirë, feather
[n] (Albanian)

penna-ae (feather,
wing)

pluen (plu) [f], feather,
plume, quill, plumage
plufyn (pluf) [m],
feather, plume, quill
(Welsh)
pluma, penna [f],
feather (Italian)
plume, penna [f]
feather, empenner, to
feather one's nest
(French)
pattar, wing (Hittite)

feather [<OE
fether]; plume
[<Lat. pluma]

daNDay, -yati, to
punish, chastise, fine;
to detest, hate, punish,
revenge; uS, oSati &
uSNAti, to burn,
consume, destroy,
punish, burn down

pâdefrah, keyfar
[n], punishment
(Persian)

karac, punish
(Polish)

timoro, punish
(Greek)
dënoj, ndëshkoj,
stërmundoj, përlaj,
biftekun, shkund,
to punish; dënim,
ndëshkim,
punishment [n]
(Albanian)

penes, with acc.;
peonio, punio and
punior-iri, to punish,
avenge

ceryddu, to correct,
chastise, punish,
rebuke; cosbi, to
punish; poeni, to pain,
ache, ail, worry, grieve,
annoy, torment,
plague, punish (Welsh)
punire, to punish;
vendicare, to avenge
(Italian)
punir, to punish;
pénaliser, to penalize;
peine [f] punishement;
venger, to avenge
(French)

in the power of,
belonging to

penes, Scripts Q253, K86

tark, tarkayati, to
suppose, conjecture,
guess, reflect regard,
think of, ponder, think
over; dIdhi, dIdhye,
adIpdet, to appear,
seem, perceive, look
at, think; man,
manyate, -ti, manute,
to think, believe,
imagine, consider

gomân kardan,
andisidan,
manidan, to think
(Persian)

myslec,
przypuszczac,
rozmyslac,
thought,
zastanawiac sie,
think (Polish)

theoro, meleto,
lambano ypopsi,
consider;
skeftomai,
syllogizomai, think
(Greek)
mendoj, kujtoj, to
think (Albanian)

penso-are; mens,
mentis [f], mind,
understanding,
intellect, judgment

meddwl, to think,
cogitate, deem, mean;
synied, to think,
believe, feel, conceive;
tybio, to suppose,
think, imagine (Welsh)
pensare, to think,
intend (Italian)
penser, to think,
consider (French)

to weigh carefully,
to estimate, to
ponder, consider,
require, pay for,
think [<OE
thencan], pensive;
meditate [<Lat.
meditor-ari, to
think over]

pensin, Script Z19

x

barâye, barâye,
inke, conj., barâye,
darpey, prep.,
through; bedaste,
bâ, dame, by,
prep., sartâsar,
adj., adv., through;
hangâm, prep.,
during; az, from,
prep., (Persian)

dla, gdyz,
poniewaz, przez,
za, zamiast, for;
obok, przez, przy,
u, w poblizu, by;
bezposredni, na
wylot, przez,
through; podczas,
w czasie, during;
dalej, naprzod,
wzdluz, along;
dalej, na, nad, na
temat, o, po, przy,
w, wlaczony, on
(Polish)

pano, epi, eis,
pros, kata, on
(Greek)
gjatë, përmes,
nëpër, nga,
through, prep.
(Albanian)

per

achos, canys, oblegid,
oherwydd, because,
conj., ar (arn),
prep. on, upon, over,
at; ymlaen, adv.
onward, along;
canys (cans), oblegid,
for; heibio, by;
trwodd, trwy, through
(Welsh)
per (Italian)
par (French)

for [<OE for], by
[<OE bi], through
[<OE thuruh]
along, over, for,
by, to on,
throughout,
during, from, by
means of, because
of

per, Script Z26,
Z1146, Z1378,
K136, N-11, N41,N63, N100, N469,N491, N513, N543,
N573, N590, N595, N615, N647, N660,
N676, N711, Q53, Q117, Q335, Q406,
Q424, Q433, Q475, Q512, Q713, R49,
R229, R248, R258, R306, R334, R521,
K26, K79, K86,
K136, PL-7, PL-14

x

x

x

x

Perae

x

Perae, the Roman
port, or its region

Perae, Script R314, R325|
Peraem, Script
Q500;
Periai, Script N304

pad, padyate (-ti)
{vyA} perish, be
lost; gal, galati, drip,
drop, fall, vanish,
perish

apa-nas (Avestan)
mordan, nâbud
sodan, ziyân
raftan, to perish
(Persian)

i"s"ceznuti,
propasti, umreti
(Serbo-Croatian)
ginac, przepadac,
stracic zycie,
perish (Polish)
aul'autune, to die;
nikt, to dissapear
(Baltic-Sudovian)

ftheiromai,
katastrefomai,
perish;
exafanizomai, to
vanish (Greek)
mbaroj, vdes,
prishem, to perish
(Albanian)

pereo-ire-li-ivi-itum; to
vanish, perish;
peroro-are, to speak
from beginning to end,
plead a cause; morior
mori, mortuus,
moriturus, to die, to
die away

colli, to lose, forfeit, be
lost, perish, spill;
darfod (dar-), to
perish, die,
expire; trengi, to die,
perish, expire;
difywyd, adj. lifeless,
dead; marw, to die,
expire, perish (Welsh)
eug, [m.], death, to
die, perishbàs, death
bàsaich, to die, perish,
wither (Scott)
perire; morto, adj.,
dead (Italian)
périr; mort, adj. dead
(French)
wäl, to die (Tocharian)
ak, to die (Hittite)

to die [<ON
deyja], vanish,
perish; speak from
beginning to end,
perorate;

pera, Script N404
pere, Script Z508, Z1097, N194, R238
peri, Script N689, N725
periai, Script N304
PERIReN, Script L25
pero (perv), Script
J48, R294, R437, R474,
perum (pervm),
Script N689, N725, Q424

stigh, stighnoti,
stighnute, to proceed,
stride, mount, ascend,
rise; vraj, vrajati,
proceed, march, go,
attack, approach; yA,
yAti (-te), go, travel,
march, set out, depart,
fly, escape, pass,
vanish, perish

pisraftan, rahsepâr
sodan, to proceed
(Persian)

dochod,
kontynuuowac,
odbywac sie,
posuwac sie
naprzod,
przychod,
przystapic,
toczyc sie, udawac
sie, wytoczyc
proces, zysk,
proceed
(Polish)

prochoro, energo,
proceed (Greek)
eci, vazhdoj, lëviz,
bëhet, buron, bëj,
rrjedh, veproj,
proceed (Albanian)

pergo, pergere, perga,
perrectum

deillio, to proceed,
result, issue, derive,
emanate; hanu (han) to
proceed, be derived, be
descended; mynd, to
go, repair, become,
grow, proceed; tarddu,
to spring, sprout,
proceed (Welsh)
procedere, to proceed;
andare, to go (Italian)
procéder, to proceed
aller, to go (French)

to continue,
proceed, go [<OE gan] forth[<OE forth]

perk, Script N160

x

x

x

x

personarum fictio,
personification

personoli, to
personify,
impersonate (Welsh)
personificare, to
personify (Italian)
personnifier, to
personify (French)

epithet, name,
Persniphmus

persnimo
(persnimv), Script
N230, Q726, Q713;
persniphmv, Script
Q737, Q829, Q887, R511, R521, R499,
R474, R574,
R607, R644
persiphmo
(persiphmv),
Script Q847;
pesnim, Script
N500, N660
pesnimo (pesnimv),
Script N221, N290, N320, N333, N444,
N529, N553, N598, N632, Q162, Q171,
Q194

zUdrajana [m];
sakalajana [m], every
person, everybody;

kas, tan [n],
person (Persian)

osoba, person
(Polish)

prosopo, atomo,
person; phusis,
nature (Greek)
individ, person,
njeri, vetë, pamje e
jashtme, person
fizik [drejt.] person
(Albanian)

persona-ae [f], mask;
personatus-a-um,
masked, disguised

dyn-ion [m], man,
person, fellow, pl.
folk, folks; person-au
[m], person (Welsh)
persona [f] (Italian)
personne [f] (French)
kektseñe, a body
(Tocharian)

person, fellow
[<ON felagi,
business partner],
body [<OE bodig),
individual [<Lat.
individuus];
physique [<Fr.
physique]

person, persun
(persvn),
Script Q784, Q805, Q813, R511

kSam, kSamate, to be
patient, quiet, endure,
suffer, bear, pardon,
forgive; tij, tejate, to be
sharp, sharpen, incite,
endure, bear, impel;
sah, sahate (-ti), to
overpower, win
battles, be victorious,
master, suppress, bear,
suffer, endure

pâydâri, bordbâri
[n], endurance;
dirpây, pâydâr,
adj., lasting
(Persian)

wytrzymac,
zniesc, endure
(Polish)

ypofero, antecho,
endure; teleftaios,
kalapodi, diarko,
last (Greek)
duroj, pésog,
qéndroj, rzistoj, to
endure (Albanian)

persto-stare-stiti
statum, to stand firm,
endure; duro-are, to
make hard, endure

dioddef, to suffer,
bear, endure, wait;
goddef, to bear, suffer,
endure, abide, allow,
tolerate; parhau, to
last, continue, endure,
remain, persevere,
perpetuate; ymaros, to
bear with, endure
(Welsh)
durare, resistere, to
last; sopravvivere,
durare a lungo, to last
out (Italian)
durer, endurer,
patienter, supporter,
tolérer, to endure;
durable, adj., lasting,
permanent (French)

to stand firm,
remain standing,
last [<OE laestan],
endure [<Lat.
induro-are, to
make hard or firm]
remain unchanged

persto (perstv),
Script R530

padam, paada

W-votk; E-vod
(Armenian)
frabdem [frabda],
pad [m] (Avestan)
pâ, dâmane, tah
[n], foot (Persian)

stopa (Serbo
Croatian)
dol, spod, stopa,
foot (Polish)
piechatom,
piechatoju, piesa,
pieski [adv.]
(Belarus)
peda (Baltic
Sudovian)

poda (Greek)
paguaj (Albanian)

pes, pedis [m]

troed (traed) [m.f.],
foot, leg, pedestal,
handle (Welsh)
piede [m], foot
(Italian)
pied [m], foot (French)
pe, pai, paiyye
(Tocharian)
pdde, a place
(Lycian)
pata, foot; pedan,
pieti, pidi, a
place (Hittite)

foot [<OE fot],
army; tread [OE
tredan], to walk
[<OE wealcan, to
roll]

pes, Script TC19, TC38, TC190, TC271, N63, N670,
N700

piscor-ari, to fish

pescare, to fish
(Italian)
pêcher, to fish
(French)

he fishes [<OE
fisc]

pesca, Script
LS-3

pramahas, adj., of great
might; bRhanta, adj.,
great; vimahant, adj.,
very great; adj., so
large, so great, so
much; adj., much,
many, great, strong

bozorg, setabr,
meh, adj., meh [n],
great (Persian)

x

megas, megalos, tranos, spydaios, great (Greek)
i madh, i famshëm,
kryesor, fisnik, adj.
great (Albanian)

pes, pedis [m] +
nimius-a-um, very
great, too great,
excessive, intemperate,
immoderate; n. as a
subst. a great deal, also
excess, too much;
magnus-a-um, compar.
maior, maius; superl.
maximus, great

mawr-ion, adj. large,
big, great, high (Welsh)
considerevole,
magnamino, superiore,
adj., great, (Italian)
grand, éminent,
excellent, magnifique,
adj., great (French);
mag-, great (Illyrian)
maki, much
(Tocharian)

name, Pesnimo? great feet/ army; magnificent, major

pesnim, Script
N500, N660
pes nimu, Script
N21, N290, N320, N444, N529, N553,
N598, N632, Q162, Q171, Q194:
PES NIMv, Script
N500, N660

vyaJjana, adj., [f],
insinuation, [n],
manifestation,
betrayal, characteristic,
attribute, the insignia
of a prince, ornament,
condiment, sauce,
juice, consonant,
syllable

câsni, âbe xores,
sauce (Persian)

przyprawa, sos,
tupet, sauce
(Polish)

saltsa, aythadeia,
aythadiazo, salse,
sauce (Greek)
marmelatë, salcë,
prevede, paturpësi,
sauce [n]
(Albanian)

ius, iuris, broth, soup;
condimentum-, spice,
seasoning, sauce

saws-iau [m], sauce
(Welsh)
pesto, Genoese sauce;
adj. crushed,
battered;
pâte [f], batter,
sauce [f], sauce
(French)

crushed, sauce?

pesto (pestv)
Script Q183
possibly pes tv

abhiyogapattra [n], a
petition or writing of a
complaint; yAcikA [f],
a petition, request;
prArthana [n], wish,
desire, request,
entreaty, petition or
suit

dâdxâst [n],
darxâst kardan, to
petition (Persian)

petycja, petition
(Polish)

parakalo, zito,
iketevo zitianevo,
beg (Greek)
kërkesë, peticion,
lutje, petition [n];
kërkoj, lutem, to
petition
(Albanian)

peto-ere -ivi -and
itum; to make for, go
for, petition,
petina-ae [f] a dish

deisebu, to petition;
petisiwn [m], petition;
erfyniad-au [m],
petition, prayer
(Welsh)
petente [m] petitioner,
petizione [f], petition
(Italian)
pétition [f], petition
(French)

to make for, go to,
attack; ask for,
beg [<OE beggen],
request, stand
for, sue for,
petition

pet, Script TC260
pet na, Script Z1227

pa.ncha, paJNcha

pañca [pañcan]
(Avestan)
panj, adj. [n], five
(Persian)
hing, five
(Armenian)

pet (Serbo-
Croatian)
piec (Polish)
piac (Belarus)
penkei, penkis
(Baltic-Sudovian)
penki (Lithuanian)

pente (Greek)
pesë (Albanian)

quinque

pump (pum), (Welsh)
cóig (Scott)
cinque (Italian)
cinq (French)
pañä, pic, pis
(Tocharian)

five [<OE fife]

pet, Script TC260,
Z1227?

kezamArjaka [m], comb;

sâne [n], sâne
zadan, to comb
(Persian)

czesac, grzebien,
comb (Polish)

chtena, chtenizo,
comb (Greek)
krehër, griba,
krehëse [tekst.],
huall, lafshë, comb
[n] (Albanian)

pecten

crib-au [f.m.], comb,
crest, ridge, brow,
ledge; dil-iau [m],
comb (Welsh)
petine [m] (Italian)
peigne [m]
(French)

comb [<OE
comb]?

PETeNA
Script Z1227

ashma,
ashman.h (m)

asmanaca
(Avestan);
sang, gowhar,
kolux [n] stone,
sangsâr kardan,
sangcin kardan, to
stone;
gar, duru_t
(Yagnobian)

kamenica,
stone, litica, stena
rock]
(Serbo-Croatian)
kamien, pestka, stone (Polish)
kamien [m]
(Belarus)
akmenis,
stabas, rock
(Balto-Sudovian)

petra (Greek)
gur, guralec,
stone, rock
(Albanian)

lapis-idis, stone
saxam, rock

caregan (caregen,
caregos)[f], stone,
pebble; carreg (cerrig)
[f], stone; maen
(meini) [m], stone;
maen hir, monolith;
caregu, to stone,
petrify; llabyddio, to
stone (Welsh)
carraig or cairge, rock;
carragh, rock, pillar,
monument (Scott)
maen (Breton)
pietra [f] (Italian)
pierre [f] (French)
peruna, rock (Hittite)

stone [<OE stan]

petr, Script Z1854,
TC61, TC137
petro (petrv),
Script TC-1, TC120;
petros, (petrvs)
Script TC38, TC61,
TC144, TC190

nArkalpi [m], patron;
nArnamana [m],
patron; pArSadvANa
m], patron; daiDa [m.,
f.], patron; dvaimatya
[m], patron

postibân, negahdâr
[n], patron
(Persian)

opiekun,
protektor, patron
(Polish)

prostatis, patron
(Greek)
mbrojtës, adj.
patronage;
mecenat, përkrahës
i arteve, klient i
rregullt, pajtor [n],
patron (Albanian)

Patronius-i, name;
patronus-i [m],
protector; protego
egere -texi -tectu, to
protect, defend;
patron; patronia-ae [f],
protectress

noddwr (noddwyr)
[m], protector, patron,
benefactor (Welsh)
patron [m] (Italian)
patron [m] (French)

patron; possibly a
name, Petronia

Petronia (Petrvnia),
Script R565

atyalpa, adj., very
little; amati, adj., poor;
[f], poverty

andak, cam, candi,
adj., candi, pron.,
few (Persian)

kilka, kilkoro,
kilku, malo,
niewiele, niewielu,
few (Polish)

ligoi, liga, few
(Greek)
pak, i pakët, few,
adj.; pakicë, few
[n] (Albanian)

pauci, rari, few

nemor, adj. few; anami,
adj. infrequent, rare,
few; prin-ion, adj.
bare, scarce; ychydig, few, little (Welsh)
pochi (Italian)
peu (French)

few [<OE feawe],
a little bit; adv.
little, few, not
very many; tiny [<ME tine}

peu (pev), Script
TC220, L31

x

x

x

x

pio-are, to propitiate, appease, venerate, atone for

espiare (Italian)
expier (French)

propitiation

peuri, PL-11

acchAi, acchAgam, to
attain, go towards;
vinaz, to reach, attain

yâftan, to attain
(Persian)

osiagnac, zdobyc,
attain (Polish)

petychaino,
katorthono, attain
(Greek)
arrij, realizoj, to
attain (Albanian)

pervenio-venire-veni
ventum

cwblhau, to fulfill,
complete, finish,
achieve; cyflawni, to
fulfill, perform,
commit, achieve,
execute; gorffen, to
finish, complete,
conclude, achieve;
cyrraedd, to reach,
attain, arrive, amount (Welsh)
pervenire, to attain
(Italian)
parvenir, to attain
(French)
ta, to come; tija, to
come, approach,
become (Hittite)

to come through,
arrive [<OFr.
ariver] at, reach,
attain to [<Lat.
attingero-tingere
tigi -tactum, to
touch, reach],
achieve [<OFr.
achever <vener, a
chef, to come]

pevenes
(PE8eNeS),
Script K20

x

sepas, adj., sepas,
pas, ângâh, then;
digar, sepas,
âyande, adj.,
sepas, adv., next;
afterwards, adv.
sepas, pas
(Persian)

najblizszy,
nastepnie,
nastepny, obok,
sasiedni, tuz przy,
next; nastepnie,
wiec, wowczas, w
takim razie,
wtedy, zatem,
then; nastepnie,
po pewnym
czasie, potem,
pozniej,
afterwards
(Polish)

o pio kontinos,
epomenos,
prosechis, next;
tote, loipon, then;
katopi(n),
afterwards (Greek)
herën tjetër, pastaj,
pas kësaj, next,
adv., atëherë, në atë
kohë, pastaj, vec
kësaj, adv., then
(Albanian)

post

wedyn, adv.
afterwards, then, after;
yna ('na), there, then;
ynteu (ynte), adv.
then; conj. or, or else,
otherwise (Welsh)
poi (Italian)
puis (French)

then, next,
afterwards

puia (pfia)
Script Z1780

x

x

x

x

x

x

PH, person's
initials?

Ph, Script Z508

x

x

x

x

x

x

Pha, Etruscan
goddess; fay, a
fairy, an elf [<Lat.
fata]

Pha, Script
AN20, N638, N670, N738, R56, R413

mihira [m], avi [m],
sUra [m], the sun;

xorsid, âftâb, xor,
sun [n] (Persian)

niedziela, slonce,
sun (Polish)

ilios, the sun
(Greek)
diell, dritë dielli,
sun [n] (Albanian)

Phoebus-i [m],
Apollo the sun
god; hence, subst.
Phoebas-adis [f] a
priestess, a
prophetess; adj.
Phoebeius and
Phoebeus-a-um, of
Phoebus; sol-solis [m],
the sun

haul (heuliau) [m], the
sun; huan [f], the sun
(Welsh)
sole [m], the sun
(Italian)
soleil [m], the sun
(French)

Phoebus-i [m],
Apollo the sun
god; hence, subst.
Phoebas-adis [f] a
priestess, a
prophetess; adj.
Phoebeius and
Phoebeus-a-um, of
Phoebus; some
early writers
identified Phoebus
Apollo with the
ancient sun god
Helios, brother of
Eos and Selene;
the sun [<OE
sunne]

Phabas, Script
Q906,
Phabeto (Phabetv),
Script Q217, Q253, Q263, Q468, Q893,
Q899

x

x

x

x

Phoebe-is [f], the
sister of Phoebus,
the Moon
goddess, Diana

x

Phoebe-is [f], the
sister of Phoebus,
the Moon
goddess, Diana

Phabe, Script
N160, N194,
Phabia, Script R31, R121, R131, R150

pariveSTana [n],
cover, veil, ligature,
bandage; paTTaka
[m.f.], plate, tablet,
cloth, bandage,
document; varti [f], a
pad or kind of bandage
on a wound, wick,
paint, eye-salve

navâre zaxm [n],
bandage; daste,
boqce, baste [n],
bundle (Persian)

bandaz,
bandazowac,
bandage; tobolek,
wiazka,
zawiniatko, bundle
(Polish)

epidesmos,
epideno, bandage;
tainia, zoni, syndeo
band; dema, bogos,
desmi, desmida,
paketo, paketaro,
syskeyazo, tyligo,
bundle; zoni,
perizono, belt (Greek)
fashë, bandazh,
fashatim, lidhje,
bordurë, shirit,
bandage [n]; krah,
vandak, deng,
pako, bundle [n]
(Albanian)

fascia-ae [f], a bandage,
band, girdle, girth;
fascis-is [m], bundle,
packet; plur. fasces,
bundles of sticks with
an axe projecting,
carried by lictors
before chief
magistrates

rhwymo , to bind, tie,
lash, bandage;
gwregysu, to girdle
bwndel-i [m], coflaid
[f], armful, bundle; pac
-iau [m], bundle;
sypio, to pack, heap,
bundle, group (Welsh)
fascia [f], band, belt,
bandage; pl. swaddling
bands; faggoto [m],
bundle (Italian)
paquet, fagot [m],
bundle (French)

bandages
[<Fr.bandage],
band [<OFr.
bande],
girdle [<OE
gyrdel], bundle
[<ME bundel]

phasei, Script
Z180, Z347

daivatas, adv. by fate
or chance; daivya [f],
divine power, fate,
destiny; vidhi [m],
disposition, rule,
method, act,
ceremony, fate destiny

sarnevest [n], fate
(Persian)

los,
przenznaczenie,
fate (Polish)

moira, pepromeno,
fate (Greek)
fat, e ardhme, orë
[fig.], risk, vdekje,
fate [n] (Albanian)

fatum-i, fate; Phaethon
ontis [m] the son of
Helios the sun god
killed by trying to
drive the chariot of his
father's chariot

tynghedfen-nau [f],
destiny, fate; ffawd
(ffodion) [f], fortune,
fate, luck (Welsh)
fato, sorte [m] fate
(Italian)
destin, sort [m], fate
(French)

an utterance, esp.
divine utterance;
destiny, fate;
Phaethon, son of
Helios; risk [<Ital.
risko]

Phato (phatv),
Script N112, N428

diipadiipaH, lamp;
shukla

raocah [-]
(Avestan)
sabok, âheste [n],
light; rowsan
kardan, âtas zadan,
to give light
(Persian)

svetionik,
lampa, lamp
(Serbo-Croatian)
jasny, lampa,
lekki, lit, ogien,
oswietlac,
rozpalic, swiatlo,
swiecic, zapalic
(Polish)
sviatlo, light;
malanka,
lightning (Belarus)

phos, light; faros,
lighthouse; lampas,
torch (Greek)
dritë, fener
(Albanian)

pharus-us-i,
lighthouse;
lumen-inis, light; lux,
lucis, [f] light, esp.
daylight

golau (goleuadau) [m],
light; gwawl [m], light;
llewych [m], light,
brightness; llucheden
[f], lightning (Welsh)
luce, giorno,
faro, fanale,
semaforo, light;
leggiero, lieve, to light;
phare, lumiére,
clarté, lueur
[f] light (French)
pahwar, fire; lukkai,
light, to shine (Hittite)

light [<OE leoht]
lighthouse, lamp

pher, Script N206,
R40, R56, R72,
R619;
pheri, Script Z516, N483, N624, Q74,
Q84, Q202, Q854, G39
pherie, Script N100
pheris, Script N53, N483

Sita (rescued from the
Otherworld from the
dragon Ravana by her
husband Rama; see the
Ramayana

x

x

Persephone,
(Greek)

Proserpina

x

Persephone,
goddess of the
Underworld

Phersipnei,
Tomb of Orcos

x

x

x

x

Fescennia-ae

x

a Faliscian town,
Fescennia? An
Etrurian town
famous for verse
dialogues

Phesnes,
Q376, Q388
See also Fesni, Script Z929

x

x

x

phos, light (Greek)

x

x

Pho, a goddess –
of light?

Pho (Phv),
Script N428, Q209

vidrava [m], running
asunder, flight, panic;
bhIMti [f], fear,
danger; bhIra, adj.,
inspiring fear,
frightening

bim dâstan, to
panic (Persian)

paniczny, panika,
poploch, szerzyc
poploch, panic;
bac sie, obawa,
strach, fear
(Polish)

phobos, fear; god
Phobos; panikos,
panic (Greek)
frikë, rrezik,
shqetësim, fear [n]
(Albanian)

timor-oris [m], fear:
pavor-oris [m]

achor [m], fear, tumult;
aeth-au [m], pain, frief,
fear, shock; ofn-au
[m], fear, dread, terror,
misgiving; arynaig [m]
fear, dread (Welsh)
fobia [f], fear (Italian)
crainte, peur [f], fear;
panique [f], panic
(French

Phobos, god of
panic, fear [<OE
faer]

Phobia (Phvbia),
Script R88

mudrikA [f], seal-ring,
signet